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http://dx.doi.org/10.17664/ksgee.2021.17.2.001

Numerical analysis on thermal runaway by cathode active materials in lithium-ion batteries  

Gang, Myung-Bo (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University)
Kim, Nam-Jin (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy / v.17, no.2, 2021 , pp. 1-10 More about this Journal
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries with high energy density, long cycle life and other advantages, have been widely used to energy storage systems(ESS). But as ESS fires frequently occur, the safety concern has become the main obstacle that hinders the large-scale applications of lithium-ion batteries. Especially, thermal runaway is the key scientific problem in battery safety research. Therefore, in this study, we performed a numerical analysis on the thermal runaway phenomenon of NCM111, NCM523 and NCM622 batteries using a two-dimensional analysis model. The results show that the two-dimensional simulation results are generally matched with three-dimensional simulation. Also, In the case of NCM111 with a low Ni content in the temperature range used in this study, thermal runaway phenomenon does occurred very slowly, but as the Ni content is increased, the thermal runaway phenomenon occurs rapidly and the thermal stability tends to be decreased. And, in NCM523 and NCM622 batteries, chain reactions occur almost simultaneously, but in the case of NCM111 battery, it is found that after the SEI(Solid Electrolyte Interface) layer decomposition reaction, the cathode-electrolyte reaction is appeared sequentially. After that, the anodic decomposition reaction is increased and leads to the thermal runaway reaction.
Keywords
Battery; Lithium-ion; ESS; Thermal runaway; NCM;
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