• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 2020

The process of discharging batteries using salt water, when used for the disposal of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, is likely to cause a fire. However, there is a dearth of studies in the literature on the risk of fire while discharging mobile phone batteries in salt water. In order to investigate the possibility of fire by elucidating the discharge characteristics and the generation of heat, we conducted experiments by varying the concentration of the salt water, number of overlapping batteries, and type of the mobile phone batteries used as experimental specimen. The discharging voltage and the temperature of the batteries were measured, and the fire risk was predicted by analyzing the data. The results of the experiment showed that the higher the salt water concentration, the greater the discharge value of the mobile phone battery and the higher the exothermic temperature. Moreover, the exothermic temperatures of the overlapping batteries were higher than that of the single battery submerged in salt water. The highest exothermic temperature points of the battery occurred at the positive and negative poles.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.331-343
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• 2014

The types of misconceptions and their consistencies of the elementary school teachers about the characteristics of currents according to the connection methods of batteries in simple electric circuits were investigated. The misconceptions of the elementary school teachers about them could be divided into three types. Among the respondents of the 96 elementary school teachers for this study, the 2 elementary school teachers consistently understood the characteristics of currents on the basis of the misconception type of focusing only the number of batteries connected regardless of the connection methods of batteries, the 8 elementary school teachers did on the basis of the misconception type of confusing the series connection and the parallel connection of batteries, and the 4 elementary school teachers did on the basis of the misconception type of confusing the series and parallel connection of batteries with those of resistors. Also, they consistently applied these misconception types to not only the situations to use the learned concepts but the situations to use the differentiated concepts about the connection methods of batteries.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.3589-3592
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• 2012

Carbon composite bipolar plates with various carbon black contents were prepared by a compression molding method. The electrical conductivity and electrochemical stability of the bipolar plates have been evaluated. It is found that the electrical conductivity increases with increasing carbon black contents up to 15 wt %. When the carbon black contents are greater than 15 wt %, the electrical conductivity decreases because of a poor compatibility between epoxy resin and carbon black, and a weakening of compaction in the carbon composite bipolar plate. Based on the results, it could be concluded that there are optimum carbon black contents when preparing the carbon composite bipolar plate. Corrosion tests show that the carbon composite bipolar plate with 15 wt % carbon black exhibits better electrochemical stability than a graphite bipolar plate under a highly acidic condition. When the optimized carbon composite bipolar plate is applied to vanadium redox flow cells, the performance of flow cells with the carbon composite bipolar plate is comparable to that of flow cells with the graphite bipolar plate.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2014

This paper describes magnetically levitated vehicle with hybrid magnets, which have been studied by the authors in place of streetcars or conveyance system. An experimental vehicle of 20kg was magnetically levitated by using a small number of dry-cell batteries, which consisted of 10 Ni-MH cells of 1900mAh in series. The magnets were activated sequentially, because the internal resistance of the batteries suppressed the maximum current. The vehicle was kept levitating for about 2 hours and was stable against disturbance due to instantaneous external force. In this paper, dynamic characteristics of the magnetically levitated vehicle using a small number of dry cell batteries are presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.84.2-84.2
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• 2015

Growing market of electric vehicles such as hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and bare electric vehicles in the world is accelerating the significance of Li-ion batteries as a renewable green energy. According to such market flow, the developing components such as cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator, composing the Li-ion batteries, is significantly important tasks for the commercialization. In particular, development of the cathode material having high capacity and stable thermal stability is essential for long-distance electric vehicle in the near future. Herein we introduce various applications of Li-ion batteries such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, and energy storage system, and also its research trend, in particular on the cathode materials.

• Ceramist
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.170-181
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• 2019

All-solid-state batteries have received increasing attention because of their high safety aspect and high energy and power densities. However, the inferior solid-solid interfaces between solid electrolyte and active materials in electrode, which cause high interfacial resistance, reduce ion and electron transfer rate and limit battery performance. Recently, spark plasma sintering is emerging as a promising technique for fabricating solid electrolytes and composite-electrodes. Herein, this paper focuses on the overview of spark plasma sintering to fabricate solid electrolytes and composite-electrodes for all-solid-state batteries. In the end, future opportunities and challenges associated with SPS technique for all-solid-state batteries are described.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.3-8
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• 2000

A reaction between the depolarizing mixture in the spent manganese batteries and ($NH_4$)$_2$$SO_4$was carried out to find a new process for the extraction of Mn component from the spent manganese batteries. The optimum conditions were as follows : the reaction temperature $425^{\circ}C$, ($NH_4$)$_2$$SO_4$weight ratio to the depolarizing mixture in the spent manganese batteries 12.0, reaction time 60 min. Under above conditions manganese was extracted 93.5%.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.2464-2467
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• 2018

Organic batteries are attractive alternatives to conventional inorganic batteries because of their low cost, biodegradation, and renewability, and their consequent environmental friendliness. We investigated the influence of carbon conductors and electrolytes in organic batteries using dilithium terephthalate ($Li_2C_8H_4O_4$). The synthesized dilithium terephthalate has well-grown crystallinity and non-uniform shaped particles without impurities. The dilithium terephthalate-based battery shows good electrochemical properties with a LiTFSI/TEGDME electrolyte and graphene as the carbon conductor in an organic electrode. The results are ascribed to the high lithium transference number of LiTFSI/TEGDME and the high electrical conductivity of graphene.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.84-92
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• 2021

The research on waste power batteries in China in the past ten years reveals that the power battery recycling industry is enormous but marred with several challenges. A study of China's current power battery closed-loop supply chain revealed some issues in the power battery recycling industry, such as imperfect supply chain, small recycling scale, asymmetric information, and imperfect profit distribution mechanism. This paper uses the theory of corporate social responsibility and consumer choice to propose a closed-loop network of power batteries based on block chain technology and analyzes the existing closed-loop supply chain of power batteries. Consequently, this study provides a new idea for developing the power battery closed-loop supply chain by proposing the closed-loop network of power batteries based on blockchain technology.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 2021

In this study, we proposed the necessity of reusing the battery industry after domestic use, preparing legal arrangements by step for recycling, clarifying responsible materials by processing stage, and establishing infrastructure and screening diagnostic rating system. The purpose of this study is to establish a life cycle integrated management system for electric vehicle batteries and to find suitable ways for improving the lifespan of electric vehicle batteries, reuse, and recycling in stages to avoid other environmental pollution problems due to batteries after using electric vehicles used to reduce environmental pollution due to climate change.