• 재활치료과학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2023

목적 : 본 연구는 장애아동의 학교준비도 프로그램을 다룬 문헌을 분석함으로써 연구의 대상자, 프로그램의 제공자, 기간, 요소 및 결과 등을 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, 학술연구정보서비스(Research Information Sharing Service)를 사용하여 문헌을 수집하였다. 주요 검색어는 "School readiness" AND ("Occupational Therapy" OR "Rehabilitation"), "학교준비도" AND ("작업치료" OR "재활")을 사용하였다. 선정기준과 배제기준을 통하여 최종 8편의 연구가 선정되었다. 결과 : 학교준비도 프로그램 유형에는 복합적 기능 훈련, 운동 기술 훈련, 부모교육 프로그램, 애플리케이션을 이용한 프로그램들이 있었고 가장 높은 비중을 차지한 유형은 복합적 기능 훈련이었다. 프로그램의 제공자는 작업치료사, 심리학자, 물리치료사, 언어치료사, 사회복지사, 교육자가 있었고 심리학자가 가장 많은 연구를 진행하였다. 중재 프로그램의 구성요소는 학업 기능, 운동 기능, 사회적 기능, 부모교육, 기타로 분류할 수 있었으며 학업 기능과 사회적 기능이 큰 비중을 차지하였다. 프로그램 적용 결과 다기능적 기술, 문해력, 양육 기술, 대동작·소동작 기능의 향상을 나타냈다. 결론 : 본 연구는 장애아동의 학교준비도 프로그램 유형, 제공자, 중재 요소, 결과 등을 분석하여 학교 기반 작업치료의 기초 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 최근 학교준비도 프로그램에 관한 관심과 연구는 증가하고 있으며 작업치료사들도 학교 관련 재활 분야에서 역할을 정립하여 다양한 학교 기반 작업치료가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

공압제어회로는 4차 산업혁명 시대에 공장 자동화를 구성하는 중요한 기본 요소이며 대학 수준에서 공압제어회로를 설계하고 제작하는 능력을 기르는 것은 매우 중요한 교육과정 중의 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 공압제어회로의 설계 및 제작 과목에 캡스톤 디자인 방법을 적용하기 위해 모둠별 협동학습을 도입하였다. 또한, 학생들의 학습 성취도를 살펴봄으로써 향후 이 결과를 바탕으로 실천공학 교육의 혁신에 기여 하고자 하였다. 공압제어회로 설계 및 제작에서 실험집단에는 모둠별 협동학습을 적용하고 비교집단은 전통적 강의법을 적용하여 해석 능력의 차이를 검정하였다. 모둠별 협동학습을 수행한 실험집단이 전통적인 강의로만 진행된 비교집단보다 학업 능력이 높게 나타났고 유의수준 p<0.05의 t-검정 결과에서도 두 집단간에 유의미한 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 실험집단에는 13개의 설문조사 문항을 4개의 모둠별로 응답하게 하고 그 결과를 분석하였는데, 전체 평균 4.731의 높은 만족도를 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 공압제어회로의 설계 및 제작 교과목은 통상적인 과목으로 운영할 때 보다 캡스톤 디자인 기법을 적용했을 때 학생들의 학습 성취도 향상에 매우 효과적이라는 결론을 얻었으며 향후 캡스톤 디자인의 교육과정 개발에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.421-436
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 과학 학습부진을 해소하기 위해 부진 원인에 따라 맞춤형 지도를 할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하고, 이를 적용하여 그 효과를 확인하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 과학 학습부진의 특성 및 원인을 분석하여 중학교 1학년 과학학습 부진아 22명을 과학 탐구능력 부족형, 과학 학습동기 부족형, 과학 학습전략 부족형의 세 가지 유형으로 나누고 실험 집단과 비교 집단으로 구분하였다. 두 집단에 적용한 프로그램은 동일 단원과 주제로 구성했으며, 비교집단에는 기본 개념과 활동 중심 프로그램, 실험집단에는 원인 유형별 프로그램을 주 1회, 60분씩 15주 동안 투입하였다. 투입이 끝난 후, 적용한 프로그램에 대한 인식검사, 과학탐구능력 검사, 학습동기 및 학습전략 검사, 학업성취도 평가를 하였으며, 이들 평가 결과와 함께 학생활동지, 연구일지, 수업 전사내용, 학생 면담 등을 통해 프로그램 효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 실험 집단에 투입된 맞춤형 프로그램은 세 가지 부진유형 집단별로 탐구능력, 학습동기, 학습전략이 각각 향상되어 부진원인을 해소하였고, 더불어 학업성취도도 향상되었다. 과학 학습동기 부족형과 과학 학습전략 부족형은 다른 부진 원인도 함께 향상되는 경향을 보였다. 또한 실험집단에서 과학 학습부진 유형별 맞춤형 프로그램에 대해 높은 만족도를 보였다. 이러한 연구 결과로부터 과학 학습부진 원인에 따른 맞춤형 프로그램이 과학학습 부진아들의 부진원인 해소와 학업성취도 향상에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제6권
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• pp.33-45
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to develop a basic framework and criteria for evaluation of quality care provided to patients with the attributes of disease in the home care nursing field, and to provide measurement tools for home health care in the future. The study design was a developmental study for evaluation of hospital-based HCN(home care nursing) in Korea. The study process was as follows: a home care nursing study team of College of Nursing. Yonsei University reviewed the nursing records of 47 patients who were enrolled at Yonsei University Medical Center Home Care Center in March, 1995. Twenty-five patients were insured at that time, were selected from 47 patients receiving home care service for study feasibility with six disease groups; Caesarean Section (C/S), simple nephrectomy, Liver cirrhosis(LC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), Lung cancer or cerebrovascular accident(CVA). In this study, the following items were selected : First step : Preliminary study 1. Criteria and items were selected on the basis of related literature on each disease area. 2. Items were identified by home care nurses. 3. A physician in charge reviewed the criteria and content of selected items. 4. Items were revised through preliminary study offered to both HCN patients and discharged patients from the home care center. Second step : Pretest 1. To verify the content of the items, a pretest was conducted with 18 patients of which there were three patients in each of the six selected disease groups. Third step : Test of reliability and validity of tools 1. Using the collected data from 25 patients with either cis, Simple nephrectomy, LC, COPD, Lung cancer, or CVA. the final items were revised through a panel discussion among experts in medical care who were researchers, doctors, or nurses. 2. Reliability and validity of the completed tool were verified with both inpatients and HCN patients in each of field for researches. The study results are as follows: 1. Standard for discharge with HCN referral The referral standard for home care, which included criteria for discharge with HCN referral and criteria leaving the hospital were established. These were developed through content analysis from the results of an open-ended questionnaire to related doctors concerning characteristic for discharge with HCN referral for each of the disease groups. The final criteria was decided by discussion among the researchers. 2. Instrument for measurement of health statusPatient health status was measured pre and post home care by direct observation and interview with an open-ended questionnaire which consisted of 61 items based on Gorden's nursing diagnosis classification. These included seven items on health knowledge and health management, eight items on nutrition and metabolism, three items on elimination, five items on activity and exercise, seven items on perception and cognition, three items on sleep and rest, three items on self-perception, three items on role and interpersonal relations, five items on sexuality and reproduction, five items on coping and stress, four items on value and religion, three items on family. and three items on facilities and environment. 3. Instrument for measurement of self-care The instrument for self-care measurement was classified with scales according to the attributes of the disease. Each scale measured understanding level and practice level by a Yes or No scale. Understanding level was measured by interview but practice level was measured by both observation and interview. Items for self-care measurement included 14 for patients with a CVA, five for women who had a cis, ten for patients with lung cancer, 12 for patients with COPD, five for patients with a simple nephrectomy, and 11 for patients with LC. 4. Record for follow-up management This included (1) OPD visit sheet, (2) ER visit form, (3) complications problem form, (4) readmission sheet. and (5) visit note for others medical centers which included visit date, reason for visit, patient name, caregivers, sex, age, time and cost required for visit, and traffic expenses, that is, there were open-end items that investigated OPD visits, emergency room visits, the problem and solution of complications, readmissions and visits to other medical institution to measure health problems and expenditures during the follow up period. 5. Instrument to measure patients satisfaction The satisfaction measurement instrument by Reisseer(1975) was referred to for the development of a tool to measure patient home care satisfaction. The instrument was an open-ended questionnaire which consisted of 11 domains; treatment, nursing care, information, time consumption, accessibility, rapidity, treatment skill, service relevance, attitude, satisfaction factors, dissatisfaction factors, overall satisfaction about nursing care, and others. In conclusion, Five evaluation instruments were developed for home care nursing. These were (1)standard for discharge with HCN referral. (2)instrument for measurement of health status, (3)instrument for measurement of self-care. (4)record for follow-up management, and (5)instrument to measure patient satisfaction. Also, the five instruments can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the service to assure quality. Further research is needed to increase the reliability and validity of instrument through a community-based HCN evaluation.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.533-549
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• 1998

This descriptive study was designed to measure the degrees of work stress and job satisfaction and use interpersonal conflict resolution strategy as an attempt to provide clinical nurses basic data to develop strategies releasing work stress and improving job satisfaction. These data were collected from 367 clinical nurses working in 9 hospitals nation-wide from May 1, to June 30, 1998. A structured questionaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire included Kim and Koo's work stress scale, Lee's interpersonal conflict resolution strategy scale and a Minesota satisfaction questionnaire. Data analysis was done by the use of the SAS computer program with descriptive statistics, t -test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach - ${\alpha}$. The results were as follows 1. The mean score of work stress for the subjects was 4.34(SD=0.64). The highest scored reasons for work stress were 'inadequate com pensation' 4.93(SD=0.86), 'lack of professional knowledge and skill' 4.70(SD=0.92) and 'unsatisfactory relationship with superior authorities' 4.63(SD=0.97). The lowest scored reasons were 'unsatisfactory relationship with inferior staff' 3.72(SD=1.02), 'inadequate mechanical environment' 3.72(SD=1.11) and 'interpersonal problems' 3.85 (SD=1.06), The work stress in clinical nurses differed significantly depending on the hospital type (F=4.00, p=0.0082). 2. The clinical nurses used compromise(45.1%) as the best interpersonal conflict resolution strategy. The second was collaboration(32.8%), the third accomodation(14.2%), the forth avoidance(4.2%) and the fifth competition(3.6%). 3. The item score of job satisfaction of the subject was 3.00(SD=0.43), The job satisfaction in clinical nurses differed significantly depending on age(F=5.67, p=0.0000), marital status(t= -1.89, p=0.0511), academic career(F=5.84, 0.0001), official position (F=7.38, p=0.0001), and work career(F=6.33, p=0.0001). 4. The result of the analysis of relationship between work stress and job satisfaction was significant(r= -0.34, p=0.0000). In conclusion, it was found that work stress was very high in clinical nurses. They used interpersonal conflict resolution strategies to release their interpersonal problems and to increase their job satisfaction. Therefore, adequate stress management for clinical nurses will provide them with higher job satisfaction and hence lead to more qualitified nursing care.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.64-75
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• 2008

본 연구는 평생학습 능력의 중심 개념인 자기주도학습의 측정을 위한 자기주도학습 준비도 검사도구(SDLRS)의 신뢰도, 타당도를 검증하여, 공학교육의 프로그램 학습성과 항목 중 평생학습 능력의 평가도구로서의 활용 가능성을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위한 구체적인 연구목표는 다음과 같다. 즉, 자기주도학습 준비도 검사도구의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하고 공과대학 학생들의 개인 변인에 따른 자기주도학습 준비도의 차이를 검증하는 것이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 문헌연구와 조사연구를 수행하였는데, 평생학습과 자기주도학습에 대한 문헌연구를 토대로 Gugliemino(1977)의 자기주도학습 준비도 검사도구를 이용하여 경기도 소재 A대학의 기계공학 전공 학생들 218명을 대상으로 조사연구를 수행하였다. 검사도구는 5점 척도로 구성되어 있으며 수집된 자료는 기술통계, 요인분석, t검증, ANOVA에 의한 F검증 등의 분석 방법이 이용되었다. 58개의 원검사 도구는 7차례에 걸친 요인분석 결과 23개 문항으로 압축되었다. 또한 학습에 대한 사랑, 학습에 대한 개방성, 자아개념, 기본학습기능과 독립성, 학습에 대한 책임수용, 주도성과 미래지향성, 독창성과 탐구적 특성의 7개 요인으로 재구조화되었으며 전체 변량의 약 58%를 설명하였으며 Cronbach $\alpha$값은 .8332이었다. 개인적 배경에 따른 자기주도학습 준비도 분석 결과 학년, 산업체 근무기간, 대학원 진학계획, 학점에 대해서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으나, 성별, 산업체 근무여부, 부모의 학력, 가구의 소득 수준에 따라서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이상과 같은 연구를 기초로 하여 향후에는 보다 많은 모집단을 대상으로 연구를 수행함으로써 연구결과를 검증해 볼 필요가 있다. 또한, 다양한 검사도구의 적용을 통해 검사도구간의 상관관계 및 평생학습에 영향을 주는 능력과의 상관관계에 대한 후속연구를 수행함으로써 평생학습 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안에 대한 연구를 보다 체계적으로 수행해야 할 것이다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.193-211
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the management and support system affecting to the occupational health nursing services(OHNS) provided in group occupational health agencies(GOHA). Questionnaire was developed and distributed to 82 nurses who were working in GOHA and who agreed to participate in the survey. The results were as follow: 1. OH nurses responded were mostly in the age of twenty to thirties(89%), married(73.7%), technical college graduates(88.9%), worked in hospital(85.4%) and participated more than 1 year in group occupational health services (96.3%). 2. Fifty eight point four percent of the OH nurses worked in number of workplace more than 30 to less than 60 in the OHNS form. The figure of workplaces undertaken by nurses was ranged greatly from 9 to more than 100. Number of employees who cared by nurses were mostly under 5,000 peoples in 93.3%. The types of industry was mostly manufacturing and located in the order of factory complex area, suburban, urban and others. 3. Most OH nurses(87.8%) were fully involved in the OHNS for the SSE. Their working days to visit SSE was 5 days per week(77.8%) and one day in the GOHA at 41.3%. 4. The OH documents using by nurses were found in more than 23 different types. However, they were largely summarized in the types of 'Workplace Health Management Card', 'Personal Health Counselling Card', 'Daily Health Management Report', 'Visiting List of Workplace' and 'Sick Employee List'. 5. The items of laboratory test provided by GOHA were mostly achieved in the purpose of basic health examination. They were used to be the blood pressure check(98.8%), blood sugar test (98.8%), urine sugar and protein(91.4%), SGOT and SGPT(85.3% each), cholesterol (82.9%), hepa vaccine immunization(82.9%), r-GPT(81.7%), hemoglobin(79.3%) and triglyceride(75.5%). 6. The OH nurses(92.7%) followed the work pattern to visit the GOHA before and after small-scale enterprises(SSE) visit by car driven by nurses in 74.3%. They were payed by GOHA for transportation fees in certain amounts. However, nurse is the main person(75.0%) who covers up in case of traffic accident. If the GOHA has no transportation regulation for the formal workplace visit, data showed that nurses had been responsible to take charge(31.7%). 7. The personnel manager who takes in charge for nursing services was 'nurse' in 61.7% and 41.2% worked as the final decision maker related to nursing work. The OH nurses' opinions about factors affecting to the management were classified in the four areas such as 'Nature(Quality) of health professional'. 'Content of OHNS', 'Delivery system of the GOHS', and 'Others'. The factors were indicated highly in 'Authority as health professional', 'Level of perception of director on the OH' and 'Physical work condition for OHNS'. The things that this study suggests in the recommendation would be summarized in such as the management and supporting system working for SSE in the OHNS is necessary to reform thoroughly. The reconsidered aspects might be in the matters of number of workplaces undertaken by nurses, development of effectively practical health documents, preparation for guideline of the laboratory test in the workpleces, establishment of convenient and encouraging support system and cooperation between other health professionals with respect and skill.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제3권호
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• pp.54-70
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• 1993

According as the automation of clerical work(OA ; Office Automation) develops, the use of VDT(Visual or Video Display Terminal) is increasing suddenly. But, in proportion to the spread of office automation(OA tendency), the self-conciousness syptom attendant upon the work is appearing also (Kim, Jung Tae, Lee, Young Ook, 1990). The apparatuses of office enable the clerical workers to be convenient and perform mass businesses. But, they are increasing the opportunity to be exposed to VDT syndrom, techno stress, computer terminal disease, pain by muscle strain(RSI), bradycausia of noise nature, and electromagnetic waves, etc. which are referred to as the new type of occupational diseases to the workers. It is the real situation that the workers to use VDT is complaining of the physical inconvenience sense in the recent newspaper and literature, it is the point of time that the sydrome to come from VDT use and computer terminal disease, etc. must be classified into the occupational disease(Lee, Kwang Young 1990, Lee, Kyoo Hak 1990, Lee, Won Ho 1991, Lee, Si Young 1991, Lee, Joon 1991, Choi, Young Tae 1991, Heo, Seung Ho 1989). In addition, it is the real situation that the scientifitic study result about the scope that electromagnetic waves has influence on the human body has not been suggested yet, and criticism on the stable exposure permission standard about electromagnetic waves to be emitted from VDT and on the problem in the health about electromagnetic waves is continuing. (IEEE Spectrum, 1990). In addition according to the experience of nursery business of industry field, it is the real situation that the patients who consult complaining of physical and mental inconvenience sence, among the users of apparatus of office automation, are reaching 10% of the patients coming to doctor's room. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the self-consciousness symptom that the clerical workers complain of multilaterally with the actual state examination about the use of the apparatuses of offices automaton. Thus, this study was tried as th basic data for the cosultation and education for the maintenance and furtherance of the health of workers as the nurse of industry field, by confirming the contents of self-consciousness symptom attendant upon the use of the apparatus for office outomation making the financial institution in which the spparatus for office automation in most frequently used as the subject, and by examining whether there is the difference according to the subject of study, the data were collected, by using the questionnaire method, making 200 workers who consented to the study participation as the subject, among the persons who have spent over 3 months since they used the apparatuses for office automation and didn't receive the treatment in hospital due to the clerical disease for recent 3 years. The period of data collection was from Oct. 9, 1991 to Oct. 12. As for the measurement instrument about the complaint if self-consciousness symptom attendant upon the use of apparatuses fo office automation, the question item on the complaint symptom of health problem attendant upon the treatment of VDT that Kim(1991) developed and on CMI health problem and the question items on the fatigue degree due to industry were used by previous examination to 25 persons. Collected data were analyzed with the statistical method such as percentage, arithmetic mean, Person correlation coeffient, Kai square verfication, t-test, ANOVA, etc. by using SPSS/PC+ program, and the result is as follows : 1. The self-consciousness symptom that the clerical workers complained of most frequetly appeared high in 'My eyes are tired'(99.4%), 'I feel fatigue and weariness'(99.4%), 'I feel that my head is heavy5(90.0%), 'eyesight fell'(88.8%), 'I have a stiff neck'(88.8%), 'I fell pain in the shoulder'(85.0%), 'I feel cold and painful in the eyes'(76.9%), 'I feel the dry sense of eyeball'(76.2%), 'My nerves are edgy, and I an fretful, (75.6%), 'I feel pain in the waist'(73.2%) and 'I fell pain in the back'(72.8%). It emerged that the subject use the apparatuses for office automation complained of self-consciousness symptoms related to visual symptoms and musculoskeletal symptoms. 2. As for the general feature of examination subjects, the result to see the distribution by classifying into sex, age, school career, use career of apparatuses for office automation, skillfulness degree of the use of apparatus for office automation, use hours of the apparatuses for office automation per 1 day, type of business of the apparatus for office automation, rest hours during the use of apparatus for office automation, satifaction degree of business of office automation, and work circumstance, etc. emerged as follows : As for the sex of subjects, the distribution showed that men were 58.8% and women were 41.3%, Age was average 26.9. As the distribution of school career, the distribution showed that4below the graduation of high school' was 58.8%, 'graduation from junior college-university' was 35.0%, and 'over graduate school' was 6.3%. In the question to ask the existence or non-existence of experience of health consultation in connection with the work of office automation, the response that I had the consultation exprience and I feel the necessity emergerd as 90.1% And, the case that the subject who didn't wear the glasses or lens before using the OA apparatus wear glasses or lens after using OA apparatus emerged as 28.3% of whole. As for the existence or non-existence of use career of OA apparatus, the case under 3 years was highest as 52. 7%. As for the skillfulnness degree about the use of apparatus for office automation, most of them are skillful with the fact that 'common' was 44.4%, 'skill' was 42.5%, and 'unskillful' was 13.1% As for the use average hours of the apparatus for office automation per 1 day, the distribution showed that the case under 3-6 hours was 33.1%, the case under 6-9 hours was 28.1%, the case under 3 hours was 30.6%, and the case over 9 hours was 8.1% Main OA business and the use hours for 1 day showed in the order of keeping and retrieval, business of information transmission(162min), business of information transmission(79.3 min), business of document framing(55.5 min), and business of duplication and printing(25.4min). as for the rest during the use of apparatus for affice automation, that I take rest occasion demands the major portion, but that I take after completing the work emerged as 33.8%. Though the subiness gets to be convenient by the use of the apparatus for of office automation, respondents who showed the dissatisfaction about the present OA business emergd high as 78.1%. The work circumstances of each office was good with the fact that the temperature of office was 21.8, noise was average 42.7db, and the illumination was average 364.4 lx, in the light of ANSi/HFS 100 Standard. 3. Sight syptom, musculoskeletal symptom, skin and other symptoms showed the significant difference according to the extent of skillfulness of the apparatus for office automation. All the symptoms exept skin symptom showed the difference according to the use hours of the apparatus for office automation. All the question items exept the sytoms of digestive organs and the rest hours during the apparatus for office automation showed the signicant difference. The question item which showed the signicant difference from the satisfaction degree of present OA business showed the significant difference from all the question item classified into 6 groups. But, age and school career didn't significant difference from the complaint of any self-consciousness symptoms.