• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.83-86
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• 2008

The concrete used most in construction materials. There is an overcrowded iron dimensions use of the concrete at time of the other concrete theory on the reinforcing rod back which did congestion and compares it with this, and there are more few dimensions of the aggregate than concrete, and quantity of aggregate passage is superior in mortar than concrete. If a volume rate of the aggregate writes mortar than concrete against this, therefore, unit amount increases, and quantity of paste increases and quantity of dry shrinkage than increase concrete. However, I let I regulate lay priest distribution of the aggregate, and the results rates increase and reduce unit amount and decrease quantity of dry shrinkage, and separation resistance and the gap passage characteristics are judged because it can be it in a substitute document of very superior concrete. I came to carry out the study that I watched to let I was useful a little more and do the improvement repair of a become building wall body, a basement pillar and repair reinforcement of the assistant in the reinforcing rod back, the old age when I made congestion here. I regulated lay priest distribution of the aggregate in the study and regulated substitution rate of the aggregate (40%, 50%, 60%) and divided W/C 30%, 40% standards and produced mortar and I compared quantity of air by this, slump, compression robbery and showed it this time.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2006

캐나다 온타리오주 코발트지역에는 시생대의 화산암을 부정합으로 피복하고 있는 원생대의 휴로니안 퇴적암 내에는 황화물이 농집된 광화작용이 발달한다. 황화광물들은 원생대에 발달했던 퇴적분지에 쌓인 기저역암 내에 농집되어 있다. 황화광물은 기저역암과 Coleman 역암에서는 파편형태로, 퇴적암 전체에서는 광범위한 산점상 형태, 그리고 Ag-Co-Ni-As 탄산염맥 주변의 산점상 형태 등으로 산출된다. 황화광물 파편들의 형태가 모가 나있고 사암과 이질암에서 점이적 퇴적구조를 나타내고 있는 것으로 보아 황화광물들이 기계적 운반작용에 의해 이동된 후 퇴적암 내에서 광화작용을 이루었음으로 시사한다. 한편, 탄산염맥 근처에서 발견되는 산점상 광석광물들은 열수작용에 의해 형성된 것으로 추정된다. 기반암인 시생대 화산암에 발달한 대규모의 화산성 황화물 광상이 퇴적암에 존재하는 광석광물의 공급원이었음을 알 수 있다. 사암 및 이질암에 존재하던 광석광물들은 후기에 관입한 휘록암에 수반된 열에 의해 재결정작용을 받았다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제13권4호통권56호
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• pp.170-179
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• 2009

복공판은 규격화된 강재를 조합하여 용접에 의해 일체화 시킨 것으로 주로 지하작업공간의 확보, 가설 차도 및 보도의 용도로 사용되며, 지하철, 지하상가 등의 건설을 위한 복개부와 가설교량의 상부구조 등에 적용된다. 이러한 복공판이 부식 손상된 경우에는 정량적인 잔존내하력 평가 없이 육안조사에 의한 판별 후 교체 또는 일정기간 사용 후 교체 등으로 그 기능을 유지하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 부식된 복공판의 지속적 사용한계를 확인하고 경제적이고 효율적인 복공판 교체시기를 결정하기 위하여, 실제 지하철 현장에서 사용되고 있는 부식 손상된 복공판을 대상으로 각 구성 강재의 잔존두께를 측정하고, 휨 재하실험을 실시하였다. 그리고 수치해석을 수행하여 그 결과를 실험결과와 비교, 분석하였다. 그 결과 복공판 측, 하판의 두께 감소량과 잔존내하력과의 관계를 분석하여, 부식두께 감소량에 의한 복공판의 적절한 교체주기를 결정할 수 있는 지표를 제시하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2016

Extraordinarily the establishment of towing tank has been initiated after the allocation of space at the basement floor of existing building through remodeling procedure. Therefore the asymmetric tank should be unavoidably determined by compromising with the allowable space and existing building structure. Consequently the shape of towing carriage ought to be selected as a cantilever type to match with the given environmental conditions. Finally the major role of the towing tank has been configured on the fundamental research work for the high speed marine vehicles. Due to the limited length of towing tank, it is appeared that the carriage should accelerated with 1.2m/sec² which is equivalent to twice of the maximum acceleration in ordinary practices on design application of carriage. In such a condition the exerted total power of motor could not be converted to traction force of the carriage without slip for the acceleration. To overcome these difficulties the contact pressure of a horizontal traction wheel to rail has been reinforced by the elastic recovery force of springs on supporting rollers. It is believed that the design experience of the high speed towing carriage under unusual circumferential condition and acceleration barrier could be utilized not only on the design of high speed towing carriage but also on the improvement of existing facilities.

• 기술사
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.5-23
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• 1983

On the Seoul Metropolitan Subway Construction of No. 3, 4 Line, the total length is 57 Km and it is now undergoing almost 55％ progress. The working method is classified into Open Cut of 70% and the rest of 30% tunnelling method in the 48 job site. Above tunnelling method is execute by American Steel Support System and the rest of 10 job site carried out by New Austria Tunnelling Method. This paper describes Blasting Standardizations works on the above Tunnelling ' Open Cut Method under big slogan, first safety, second execution. As a superintendent, I strived standardization of works with Better powder, Better Drills ' Better Pattern. Geological structure of Seoul area is composed by Jurassic Granite and also the above rockgroup are over burden by Alluviums as a Unconformity. First of all, I carried out the standard amount of powder and burden through experimental standard blasting by each powder as following Blasting works in the subway construction is surrounding shop Building, under pass the city river and also under pass highest building basement floor. I made allowable Blasting Vibration Value by West-Germany Vornorm DIN 4150, Teil 3 and should measure each blasting works as fellows all of powder is used basically Low-Gravity and Low Velocity such as Slurry, Ammonium Nitrate ' Finex I, II. for Smooth Blasting Instead of Gelatin Dynamite. Electric Detonation Cap is used basically M/S Delay Cup instead of Electric delay ' Simultaneous cap. I applied following formula V=KW3/4 $D^{-2}$ V=Particle Velocity (Cm/sec) K=Ginh Huh's Value W=Delay Charge (Kg) D=Distance(m) In the Open Cut, within 1m distance from H-pile I made to use the Concrete breaker, as following V=7W/$^{0.5}$V/$^{-1.75}$ On the Concentrate Building area, I advise to use Light class drill ø36m Bit and advance 1.1m per round blasting the three boom jumbo drill over ø45mm used only suburb of city.e Light class drill ø36m Bit and advance 1.1m per round blasting the three boom jumbo drill over ø45mm used only suburb of city.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2009

자원조성을 위한 방류용 메기 종묘를 생산하는 과정에서 출현한 전신성백색증 메기와 정상 메기의 눈, 부속지(수염, 등지느러미), 피부(등, 배, 체측)에 대한 조직학적 연구를 실시하였다. 외부형태적 차이는 발견되지 않았으나 체색에 있어서 정상 메기가 전체적으로 검은색을 띤 반면, 백색증 메기는 흰색 바탕에 노란색이 부분적으로 섞여 있었으며 눈은 붉은 색, 수염은 흰색을 보였다. 조사한 각 피부조직의 일반적인 형태는 정상 메기와 백색증 메기 간에 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 그러나 멜라닌 색소의 분포에 있어서 정상 메기의 경우, 망막의 색소상피층과 피부의 기저층에 길게 이어져 있던 색소세포층이 백색증 개체에서는 전혀 발견되지 않아 본 연구에서 확인된 백색증 메기는 $i^1/i^1$ 유형의 전신성백색증에 해당되었다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2014

Using a high-rise building water piping after hydrostatic test of the reliability of the leak to be completed if the pressure is maintained until the leak is not commercially available considered. Due to the nature of high-rise buildings and the construction period will take several years from the lower levels of use of the water supply and fire fighting water pipe construction is in progress, the order of which I do most of the first pipe to the construction and more than three years. So kind of riser pipe is complete, install the valve in the basement by installing an automatic pump to maintain a constant pressure after hydrostatic test and after each floor plumbing piping is complete, the progress of the hydrostatic test without undergoing a separate branch pipe the valve is opened automatically when the number of the pressing pressure of the structure. I kind of do and keep working pressure of pipe until the completion of the construction work to keep the damage to human error when it is intended to prepare. In winter, the frost protection and an alternative to drainage water pipe is damaged or deformed, even if unaware of the finishing work to the building, the use of the damage caused by a leak in a after construction of finish work to be expected. Alternative to reduce this damage if the pressure test without fear of freezing to help maintain long-term commercial pressures may be considered.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.360-366
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• 2001

Gangliosides are ubiquitous membrane components in mammalian cells and are suggested to play important roles in various functions such as cell-cell interaction, adhesion, cell differentiation, growth control and signaling. Among all ganglio-series gangliosides, GM3 has the simplest carbohydrate structure, and has been shown as a major gangliosides, in male reproductive system. To study GM3 distribution in the seminiferous tubule and epididymis, frozen sections were stained with specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) against ganglioside GM3. In the seminiferous tubule of testis, pachytene spermatocytes and spermmatids expressed ganglioside GM3, but not in spermatogonia and sertoli cells. Spermatogonia and sertoli cells near the basement membrane were negatively reacted to anti-GM3. In the epididymis, GM3 was expressed only in some interstitial cells. Taken togethers, these results suggest that the expression of ganglioside GM3 in rat seminiferous tubule and epididymis is spatio-temporally regu lated during spermatogenesis.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.435-446
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• 1998

It is suggested that Urechis unicinctus is a filler feeder as like many tide and watery invertebrates which filtrate food materials by ciliary movement. However, the structure of the filter is not yet known in U. unicinctus, nor the filtering mechanism is not well understood. This study reveals ciliated epithelial cells in the foregut and the features of the cilia are good accord with that of known filtrating apparatus of other tide animals. This may implies that the foregut is in function of filtration and the food materials are filtrated by the ciliary movement. With the observation of the filtrating apparatus in the foregut, the intestine of U. unicinctus can be functionally compartmented into 3 parts. These are already known midgut and hindgut in function of digestion and respiration respectively, and the foregut in function of filtrating apparatus for foods. The filtrating apparatus of U. unicinctus is composed of the pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells with numerous cilia. The cilia are well differentiated kinocilia with the typical microtubule pattern, kinetosome and cilia roots. There are two kinds of striated cilia roots, the main root and the accessory root. The main root is extended perpendicularly from the cell surface to basement membrane and the short accessory root is branched with an acute angle of about $80^{\circ}$ from the main root at level of basal plate of the kinetosome. The spacial approaches of the main root with the large fused form of mitochondria is one of the characteristic features which might be in structural consideration an intimate association between energy source and energy mass consuming cell organelles.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.297-311
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• 1998

Landscaping on artificial ground is currently served as a means to imposing a greenery benefit on high-density and high-rise apartment sites. It functions as a sub-hierarchy in apartment planning such as ornamental element from the past. Major parking space tends to be allocated on the basement area in response to the required parking regulation. Therefore, competitive relatioinship between the parking and greenery space I limited outdoor of apartments leads to the development planning strategy and technology of artificial ground. This study aims at evaluating landscape planning on artificial ground of apartment complex through several approaches such as site survey, plan drawing analysis, and interview with related field experts. 15 survey apartment sites including Bundang Model, Shindaebang-dong, Pyoungchon Hyundai Apartments have been selected for conducting the research. Main results of this study are summarized below : First, scattering allocation of artificial ground between apartment building units is a dominant plan layout type among the survey sites. Even though unifying allocation type has an advantage to maximize underground parking space, it has a difficulty in maintaining proper soil ground base for nurturing plants. Therefore, underground parking space should be planned by unifying allocation type placed separately from apartment units. This plan type can provide a balanced planting between soil and artificial ground on surface level. Second, It is strongly recommended to integrate the whole planting base which involves architectural structure, drainage, and water proofing above the planting design. When considering that process as a professional subject dealing with natural material such as trees and shrubs, those tasks should be directed by landscape architectural divison and landscape architect. And planting area for artificial ground has to be specified in initial phase of architectural design. This step provides an opportunity to make a proper decision on structural load, drainage, and water proof design as an integrated part of the management.