• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of trunk stabilization exercise using swiss ball and core stabilization exercise on balance and gait in elderly women. Methods : Subjects 19 elderly women were randomly divided by the swiss ball exercise group (n=10) and the core stabilization exercise group (n=9). In a period of 4 weeks, they took trunk stabilization exercise using swiss ball and core stabilization exercise for 60 minutes 3 times a week. Balance and gait were measured by Functional Reach Test (FRT), One Leg Stand Test with Open Eye (OLSTOE), One Leg Stand Test with Closed Eye (OLSTCE), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and 6 m Walking Test (6MWT). These tests were measured at before exercise, 4 weeks after exercise and after the follow-up period of 2 weeks. Results : As a result, in all measurement values there was no significant difference in two groups (p>.05). In FRT, TUG, OLSTOE and 6MWT before exercise and 4 weeks after exercise, there was significant difference in both of two groups (p<.05). Moreover, according to results from 4 weeks after exercise and after the follow-up period of 2 weeks, without any particular exercise, in FRT and 6MWT there was no significant difference (p>.05). Conclusion : These finding indicate that trunk stabilization exercise using swiss ball could improve balance and gait in elderly women. Accordingly, In this study trunk stabilization exercise using swiss ball and core stabilization exercise is judged to be used for elderly people with gait and balance problems to prevent hurts from fall.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.36-44
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• 2017

Background: To determine the effect of proprioceptive exercise(PE) on muscle activation and balance of healthy subjects. Methods: 20 subjects were randomly assigned to proprioceptive exercise(PE, n=10) and general exercise group(GE, n=10). To measure muscle activation of the lower limb and balance. For evaluation of muscle activation(Tibialis anterior, Gastrocnemius lateral and medial head), the Electromyogram was used, and balance was measured using the one-leg standing test, OLST. Results: Tibialis anterior(TA), Gastrocnemius medial head(GM) and Gastrocnemius lateral head(GL) muscle activations were significantly (p<0.05) improved in PE group and GE group. and significantly difference between groups(p<0.05). Regarding balance, eye open and close OLST were significantly (p<0.05) increased in PE group and GE group. and significantly difference between groups(p<0.05). Conclusion: Proprioceptive exercise can improve muscle activation of the lowe limb and balance in subjects.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.809-814
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• 2015

This study was conducted to identify how a flexi-bar exercise influences body alignment and balance in adults who have asymmetry in their right or left body. In total, 20 participants were separated into the experimental group and the comparison group. Those in the experimental group participated in a flexi-bar exercise for 6 weeks and based on the coronal plane before and after exercise, their body alignment and balance were measured behind the body. The result was those who had participated in a flexi-bar exercise significantly improved their angle of acromion on both sides, the difference in the angle and height of the posterior superior iliac spine on both sides(p<.05), and the balance of the center sagittal plane(p<.05). Through this study, it could be said that participating in a flexi-bar exercise would improve postural alignment and balance of the shoulder and pelvis in adults with asymmetric posture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.569-576
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was aimed at determining the effects of community-based exercise program to improve leg muscle strength and balance for elderly women. Methods : This study was nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Subjects were assigned to two different groups(exercise group=11, control group=7). Exercise group performed community-based exercise program for 8 weeks. Outcome measures included leg muscle strength, balance, walking velocity, activities of daily living(ADL), exercise self-efficacy and health-related quality of life(QoL). The collected data analyzed by independent t-test and paired t-test. Results : Leg muscle strength, walking velocity and mental component summary(QoL) were significantly improved in the exercise group. But balance and exercise self-efficacy were significantly worsened in the control group. There were no significant difference between groups after 8 weeks of community-based exercise. Conclusion : These results suggested that the community-based exercise program is effective for elderly women in improving leg muscle strength, walking velocity and mental component summary(QoL).

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.661-672
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate whether mat exercise and field exercise have effectiveness on the balance and gait in older adults. Thirty subjects were participated in this study. And they were all randomly divided into mat exercise and field exercise group. To evaluate the effects of mat and field exercise, subjects were evaluated by using One Leg Stand test which was static balance test, and Berg Balance test which was dynamic balance test. Finally Gait pattern was assessed by using 3-dimensional gait analysis system. The assessment parameters were evaluated before, after 3 weeks, and after 6 weeks treatments. And we received a consent form from all subjects. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that One Leg Stand, Berg Balance, Stride length, Cadence, Velocity were significantly increased after than before exercise in both groups. So we conclude that therapeutic exercise that is mat and field exercise has effectiveness on the balance and gait in older adults.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to analyze how the upright body type exercise program affected body balance and record of archers. This study aimed to prove the effectiveness of upright body type exercise, on this basis, in enhancing the performance of archery players. Method: A total of 14 archers (7 men and 7 women) in B Metropolitan City who had ${\geq}4years$ of career in archery and were given explanation of its contents and purpose before giving spontaneous consent to the experiment were enrolled in the study. The upright body type exercise program was implemented thrice a week for 12 weeks, with higher exercise intensity with time. A resistive pressure sensor, Gaitview AFA-50, was used to measure the foot plantar pressure distribution and analyze quantitative information concerning variation in posture stability and weight shift in dynamic balance of foot plantar pressure in shooting and static balance of plantar pressure with the eyes open and closed and the change in archery record accompanying the change in body balance. Results: As for the differences in foot plantar pressure between before and after participation in the upright body type exercise program, there was no significant difference in static balance of foot plantar pressure with the eyes open, and there was statistically significant difference at the ${\alpha}=.05$ significance level in static balance of foot plantar pressure with the eyes closed or in dynamic balance of foot plantar pressure in shooting. There was statistically significant difference at the ${\alpha}=.05$ significance level in archery record. Conclusion: The upright body type exercise program had positive effects on static and dynamic balance of foot plantar pressure by allowing archers to experience less body sway and physical imbalance in shooting with closed eyes and positive effects on archery record. Thus, the program is expected to help archers correct their posture and perform better.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.196-200
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the muscle activity of the trunk muscles during balance exercises on a stable and unstable surface in patients with stroke. Methods: Thirteen subjects (8 males, 5 females) with stroke were enrolled in the study. Muscle activity was recorded using surface EMG electrodes from the affected side of the erector spinae, external oblique, and internal oblique muscles. The exercise was performed under three conditions. For the first condition for balance exercise, subjects were instructed to sit on an exercise mat with legs extended. The second condition was to sit with legs extended, with a balance pad under their buttocks. The third condition was to sit with legs extended, have a balance pad under the buttocks and a balance cushion under the lower legs. Results: This study showed significant differences in EMG activities during both arm lifting exercise and weight shifting exercise between conditions. This study showed that the EMG activities of the erector spinae, external oblique, and internal oblique muscles were significantly higher when the trunk exercise was performed using the balance pad with balance ball than when using the stable surface. Conclusion: In conclusion, performing balance exercises using an unstable surface is a useful method for facilitating trunk-muscle strength and hence trunk stability.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.2244-2252
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• 2020

Background: Thera-Band, Narrow squats, Kinesiology taping helps in the reduction of loading on the knee joints. Despite the fact that the varus knee negatively affects the alignment of the lower extremities, most of the studies have analyzed each independently. Objectives: To investigate the effects of a complex exercise program consisting of elastic band exercises and squat exercises on the distance between the inner knees and balance in young adults with genu varum. Design: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods: The complex exercise group performed resistance exercises using an elastic band. The taping group used kinesiology tape on the vastus lateralis and biceps femoris. To select those to be included in the study, we measured the distance between the knees using digital Vernier calipers and to measure the balance ability, we used a balance training system. The data were analyzed with the independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: The study indicated a significant difference in the distance between the knees between the two groups, but no significant differences in the dynamic balance between the groups. Also, the static balance comparison between the groups according to the intervention method included the trace length, C90 area, C90 angle and velocity. There were no significant differences in the static balance between the groups. In addition, the complex exercise program was more effective than taping. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the complex exercise program and taping decrease the between both the knee and increase the balance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study suggests the exercise programs for improving the function and structure by applying the Schroth exercise method and sling exercise method to the scoliosis patient. METHODS: The subjects were 16 patients who were diagnosed with scoliosis. They were randomly assigned either to a Schroth exercise group (n=8) that received Schroth exercise program or to a sling exercise group (n=8) that received sling exercise program. Flexibility, static balance, dynamic balance, and spinal angles were measured by using the modified sit and reach test, one leg standing with closed eyes, functional reach test, and Cobb's angle, respectively. The chest expansion were calculated using differences of chest circumference between maximum inspiration and maximum expiration measured under armpits, at the junction between the sternum and xiphoid process, and at the waist. RESULT: Schroth group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). sling group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the flexibility, static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). There were significantly differences between the both groups for chest expansion thoracic level inspiratory variables at post-exercise. CONCLUSION: These results revealed that two exercise program improved flexibility, static standing balance, spine angle, chest expansion level and ability used as scoliosis management and intervention. Therefore, it is expected to be used as a method for the treatment and prevention in the process of rehabilitation of patients with scoliosis.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of improvement of posture and foot balance between the exercise group and the control group after upright body type exercise program of 12 weeks with 14 female students in B female high school. According to the procedure of this study, following conclusion came out. First, The change of head's posture became near a centerline and a significant decrease from $7.57{\pm}13.95mm$ to $2.71{\pm}5.23mm$ in experimental group and there was a statistically significant difference (p<.002). The change of left foot balance was near the perfect balance (50%) from $48.93{\pm}3.87%$ to $49.74{\pm}2.95%$ and right foot balance was from $51.07{\pm}3.87%$ to $50.26{\pm}2.95%$ in experimental group and there were near the perfect balance (50%). The change of left foot balance of control group fall away the perfect balance (50%) from $49.97{\pm}2.67%$ to $49.08{\pm}1.41%$, right foot balance also fall away the perfect balance (50%) from $50.03{\pm}2.67%$ to $50.92{\pm}1.41%$. As a conclusion, upright body type exercise program considered to effect posture and foot balance in female high school girls. Consequently It was suggested that upright body type exercise program with improvement and prevention for posture's unbalance of female high school girls. This program could be utilized for improvement of youth posture and foot balance.