• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2008

These days, one of the issues well discussed is the obstruction or screen of sight to mountain-skyline by buildings. So question is to which heights buildings should be constructed over mountain-skyline and then harmony can be realized between mountain-skyline and building-outline. Based on the mentioned above, this study intends to find out the proper projection- level of buildings over background mountain-skyline when considering the types of mountain-skyline, building-outline and building-layout. The results of this study are first, the proper projection-ratio of buildings over background mountain-skyline can be 0.1 because assessment values on harmony-level are more than 3.0 in almost cases, second, the building-outline influences on the assessment values of harmony-level when the types of mountain-skyline are formed left-high & right-low and right-high & left-low, third, building-layout doesn't influence on the assessment va lues of harmony-level, finally, statistically difference doesn't exist between expert group and non-expert group in the assessment values of harmony-level.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.179-198
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• 1992

The purspoe of this study is to identify the socialization level of household work of the employed and unemployed housewives and it's related variables in order to provide some fundamental information for the rational and effective performation of the household task. For the purpose of this study, 700 questionnaire were distributed to the employed and unemployed wives who lived in Seoul. The data were analyed by the Frequency distribution, Percentile, t-test, F-test, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The main results were as follows : (1) Socialization level of household work of the employed wives was a little below medium point. When the household work was devided into three subdomains, in the domain of food and shelter, the socialization level was far below medium point. In the domain of clothes, the socialization level was a little higher than medium point. Socialization level of household work of the unemployed wives far below average. When the household work was devided into three sudbomains, in the domain of food, clothes and shelter, the socialization level was far below average, too. Socialization level of household work was significantly different according to the employment. (2) Among the background veriables, family income, household work helper, and frequency of leisure activities have a significant influence on the socialization level of the employed wives. Duration of marriage, housewife's education level and house income have a important effect on the socialization level of the unemployed wives background. (3) Among the background variabels of household work, performing competence of household work is powerful effect on the socialization level of the employed wives. And as for the unemployed wives, performing competence of household task and recognition of the velue of household work are significant variables. (4) The psychological variable such as sex-role attitude gave no noticeable influence on the socialization level of employed and unemployed wives. (5) In conclusion, classifing the variances influencing on the socialization level of household work in a measure of respcetive effect, it appears to be performing competence of household task, frequency of leisure activities, house income, sex-role attitued and educational level in the order of their influences for the employed wives. And as for the unemployed wives, it seems to be house income, educational level, performing competence of household work and frequency of leisure activities. To the two sides, the rate of explanation is shown at 35%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.360-364
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to estimate the feasibility of acoustic emission method Jar the internal leak from the valves in nuclear power plants. The acoustic emission method was applied to the valves at the site, and the background noise was measured for the abnormal plant condition. From the comparison of background noise data with the experimental results as to relation between leak flow and acoustic signal, the minimum leak flow rates that am be detected by acoustic signal was suggested. When the background noise level are higher than the acoustic signal, the method described below was considered that the analysis the remainder among the background noise frequency spectrum and the acoustic signal spectrum.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.301-308
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• 2002

As part of perfluorocarbon (PFC) tracer release experiment conducted at the western coastal area of Korea in February 2001, the background concentration level of perfluorocarbons (PFCs) in the atmosphere was determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detector. Prior to the PFC tracer release experiment in the field, air samples were collected using active samplers and the background concentrations of PFCs were determined. The concentrations of perfluoromethylcyclohexane ($C_7F_{14}$, PMCH) in the western coastal area of Korea were in the range of 5.8-8.7 fL/L. The mean concentration of the PMCH in the region exhibited no significant spatial and temporal variations. This concentration level is somewhat higher and has larger standard deviation than those of studies previously conducted in USA and Europe on the background concentration levels of PFCs. Because the background concentration of PMCH in Korea is still very low and consistent temporally and spatially, the PMCH tracer can be used suitably for the studies of long-range atmospheric transport.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.5 s.101
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• pp.543-552
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• 2005

This paper proposes the extraction of coronary arteries based on DSA(Digital Subtraction Angiography) through a texture analysis of background in the angiography. DSA is a well established modality for the visualization of coronary arteries. DSA involves the subtraction of a mask image - an image of the heart before injection of contrast medium - from live image. However, this technique is sensitive to the movement of background and can result to a wrong detection by the variance of background gray-level intensity between two images. Therefore, this paper solves a structural problem resulted from a background movement bV selecting an image which has the least difference of movement through an analysis of the similarity of background texture and proposes a method to extract only the blood vessel efficiently through local gray-level correction of the selected image. Using the coronary angiogram of 5 patients clinical data, we proved that the proposed method has the lower false-detection rate, approximately $2\%$, and the higher accuracy than the existing methods.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.199-202
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• 2002

In general, the background light produced during the reset period deteriorates the dark room contrast ratio in AC PDP. In this paper, we propose a modified ramp reset pulse that can reduce the background light to imperceptible level. In the new reset waveform, the discharges between the scan and sustain electrodes are minimized by applying a positive bias voltage to the sustain electrode and only the weak discharges between the scan and address electrodes occur during the reset period. We adopted a MgO coated phosphor layer to get the same level of voltage margin in the new reset pulse scheme compared to that of the conventional ramp reset pulse one. As a result, the voltage margin is maintained at the same level and the dark room contrast ratio is improved dramatically.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.72.2-72.2
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• 2019

The hydroxyl radical (OH) sky emission lines arise from the Earth's mesosphere, and they serve as a major source of the sky background in the infrared. With IGRINS, the observed line strength show non-negligible variation even within a few minutes of time scale, making its subtraction difficult. Toward the aim better sky subtraction in the IGRINS pipeline, we present 1) improved identification of sky lines in H and K band and 2) improved method of subtracting sky background. Using the recent line list of Brooke et al. (2015), we have detected ~500 OH doublets from upper vibrational level between 2 and 9 and maximum upper J level of 25. In particular, we found that a significant fraction of unidentified lines reported by Oliva et al. (2015) are indeed OH lines resulting from transitions between different F levels. With the extended line identification, we present an improved method of sky subtraction. The method, based on the method of Noll et al. (2014), empirically accounts non-LTE level population of OH molecules.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.487-509
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• 2012

This study, in order to contribute to improvement of the affective domain for mathematics which is one of the largest issues of mathematics education, examined the background variables influencing mathematics anxiety of middle/high school students. As the result, the middle school students showed a greater level of anxiety than the high school students did, and especially the anxiety level according to environment factor and learning strategy factor was high. Also, male students showed overall a greater mathematics anxiety than female students did, and both group of students showed a higher anxiety level according to environment factor and learning strategy factor. Besides, the greater the time spent on private education was, the higher the mathematics anxiety level, and in test/performance factor, the group with low self-initiated learning time showed a higher level of mathematics anxiety compared to other two groups. Among four subfactors of mathematics anxiety test, the students overall scored lowest in anxiety for test/performance factor, and highest in environment factor.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2008

This study presents lead and cadmium concentrations in livers, kidneys and bones of Korean wild birds during 2000$\sim$2002. The number of sample sizes was Ciconiiformes (n=10), Anseriformes (n=3), Falconiformes (n=7), Charadriiformes (n=8), Columbiformes (n=2) and Passeriformes (n=6). Lead concentrations in livers were Charadriiformes

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.81-97
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of interest in the achievement evaluation system, under the assumption that the teacher is an important element of curriculum. For this study, surveys targeting the 150 middle school teachers from 6 schools in Pusan was conducted. A questionnaire based CBAM model was used as research tools. For data analysis, mean of relative strength by teacher's level of interest was calculated. And MANOVA was used to investigate the difference among level of interest according to teachers' background such as sex, age, career, job position, and the grade they taught. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the middle school teachers' overall interest for achievement evaluation system is low. Teachers showed a typical pattern appeared in the early stages of change. They have little interest in the achievement evaluation system. And they should try to fix and change the achievement evaluation system rather than cooperate it. Second, as a result of this analysis of the difference according to teachers' background, no significant differences were found in most of the variables. Significant differences were found only in age, career, and job position from step 0. In running the post hoc, teachers who have less careers, lower positions, and younger ages had less interest in achievement evaluation system.