• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.112-128
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• 2003

Since areas of pain and dysfunction of musculoskeletal typically suffered by the patients with back disorders spread all over the body, WBIP(GCM Program) for the primary treatment and management is required. The purpose of this study is to analyze if WBIP(GCM Program) based on the hyper/hypomobility pattern of Four Body Types can identify the effective treatment of back disorders and the effect on the postural balanced restoration of the spine and extremities. Non-specific back disorder is still a major reason for sick leave. And moreover, its been reported that there was often recurrence to the patients whose symptom had been diminished. As a WBIP(GCM Program) based on kinematic chain patterns of Four Body Types, this study gave a new information on the effective diagnosis, treatment and management of non-specific back disorders. 337 patients above the twenty-five years old with the non-specific back disorders at the hospital and oriental medical clinics at Kyungnam and Busan areas in South Korea from August 24th, 2000 to Feb 23rd, 2001 have randomly been assigned to four experimental groups such as Whole Body Intervention Program Group, Physical Therapy Group like modality treatments, Acupuncture-Treatment Group, and Placebo Control Group. According to intervention program applied to the each four group for three times per week(twelve times per 4weeks), as the time-series methods, we compared and evaluated the body status of the pretest with that of post treatment completion of four week, three month, and six month, respectively. As the analytical method of measurement, our researchers used the Moire Interferometry Unit and Postural Kit that could measure the postural balance of spine and extremities. The collection of data was performed in the designated hospital and oriental medical clinics. For the analysis of the data, the SPSS 10.0 package program was used. X2-test has been taken in order to compare and analyze characteristics and GPES of the patients in four experimental groups. Repeated Measure ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test has been adopted in order to compare the effects of the balanced restoration of the spine and extremities among four Groups categorized for this study. Statistical significance was accepted at the 0.05 level of confidence The effect of the balanced restoration on the spine and extremities of the patients with non-specific back disorders has been proved in all of the Groups. As for the restoration degree, however, WBIP(GCM Program) Group produced the highest effectiveness in terms of the fact that it had a dense moire in comparison with the other three Groups and that the Moires of both sides had the same level by the time(p<0.01). WBIP(GCM Program) based on four tilting types of scapular and ilium and hyper/hypomobility pattern took a higher effect on the balanced restoration of the spine and extremities through a whole body as well as the treatment of back disorders than the other three Groups which the usual remedy without classification of body type had been applied to.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.173-176
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• 2020

Sweet bee venom (SBV) causes less hypersensitivity reactions compared with whole bee venom. To determine the appropriate SBV initial dose for pharmacopuncture treatment of lower back pain, the initial dose, and the dose which caused hypersensitivity were retrospectively reviewed between January 1^st, 2017 and December 31^st, 2019. There were 523 first-visit patients who received SBV pharmacopuncture for lower back pain and 41 showed hypersensitivity. No systemic reactions were observed and localized reactions were not severe. Hypersensitivity was observed during the first (7 cases), and fifth treatments (8 cases). An initial SBV (10%) volume of 0.1 mL was used in 2 cases, 0.2 mL in 6 cases, 0.6 mL in 41 cases, and 1.2 mL in 474 cases. The hypersensitivity rate during the first and fifth treatment was 1.34% and 1.53%, respectively. As a result, 1.2 mL of SBV was considered the acceptable initial dose. However, for safer treatment, we recommend limiting the initial dose of SBV to 0.5 mL.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.49-51
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• 2004

A four-year-old female Pekingese dog was presented with intermittent ambulatory hindlimb lameness and severe back pain. The course of the disease was acute and static and 5 days passed by until presentation. In neurological examination, severe back pain and slightly decreased proprioception in right hindlimb were shown. In radiographic examination, radiopacity was increased at T10-11 intervertebral disc space. According to the history taking, neurological examination and radiographic examination, it was tentatively diagnosed as intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). Conservative treatment was performed including cage rest, medication with prednisolone and traditional acupuncture. Acupoints were GV-6, GV-7, BL-18, BL-19. BL-40 and GB-34. Dry needlings rested for 20 minutes. Just after the first acupuncture treatment back pain was significantly decreased. With additional acupuncture treatment, all the clinical signs were not observed. It is considered that conservative therapy including traditional acupuncture, medication and cage rest might be the first choice of therapeutic method for Grade I or II IVDD in dogs.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.91-105
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to identify the body images of patints with low back pain and their status on adjustment of daily living. The data were collected from 11 general hospitals during Feburary 2, 1987 through May 30,1987. One hundred and ninety five subjects having physical therapy treatment because of low back pain were analyzed. For measurement of body image, 11 pairs of adjectives were used on semantic differential scale, and for measurement of adjustment of daily living, 10 items were used on a likert type scale. Results of the study are summerised as follows. 1. The average patient age were 34yeats and 62% of the patients were men. High school grade completed were 43.1% and Cause of Low Back Pain were respctively;Unknown etiology 31.8%, lifting heavy objects 27.7%, Traffic accident and injury 17.9%. Types of treatment were;medication plus physical therapy 54.9%, physical therapy only 22.6%. Average treatment duration were 24.5 months. 2. There were significant difference in the body image between before low back pain and after low back pain. The body image before low back pain were 59.89(Mean) but after low back pain were 37,24(Mean) and two groups were statistically significant (t=21.3, p<0.00l). 3. there were no significant difference in the body image between the male and female.(t=1.49, p＞0.05) 4. The correlation between body image and adjustment of daily living. in both sexes showed positive correlation coefficient; male(r=0.4648, p<0.00l) female(r=0.4516, p<0.00l) respectively. It means that patients with positive body image can adjust well in daily living. 5. The relation between the body image and general variables revealed sigificant difference with occupation and age.(F=2.12 p<0.05, F=3.48 p<0.05). That is different occupation and different age groups can show different body image. In conculsion with the above results, It is my strong belief that multidisciplinary approach including the concept of body image and patient education about postural care, activities of daily living, lifting mechanics should be applied in treating and dealing with those patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.734-742
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• 2001

Objective : To evaluate the role of anterior lumbar interbody fusion in treatment of failed back surgery syndrome, the authors retrospectively analyzed the result of anterior lumbar interbody fusion performed in our institute. Methods : Fifteen FBSS patients due to variable causes have been treated with anterior lumbar interbody fusion in our institute from April 1994 to June 1999. We analyzed clinical changes in 15 patients who were followed up for an average of 23 months. Results : The etiologies of FBSS were post operative discitis(6 cases), post operative instability(3 cases), post operative adhesion(5 cases), and recurrence(1 case). These fifteen FBSS patients were treated with anterior lumbar interbody fusion. The overall treatment outcome was satisfactory(excellent and good) in 11 cases. Three patients were slightly improved, but post operative low back pain was remained. One patient who had underwent nerve root injury due to pedicle screw insertion showed no improvement. Conclusion : We conclude that the anterior lumbar interbody fusion for FBSS seems to be safe and favorable treatment in selective patients, because low incidence of nerve injury risk and post-operative infection.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to find out the evidence concerning the effectiveness of manual therapy intervention in the treatment of low back pain related to spondylolisthesis Methods : 12men with lumbar pain from L5~S1 spondylolisthesis of 2 or 3 grade were treated during 12-week period. The manual therapy applied twice per week. The results of back and radiating pain were measured by VAS, and abdominal muscle strength was measured by Power track II. The measurement of degree of slip in spondylolisthesis was confirmed by the lateral view of X-ray and took a measurements of the anterior displacement of a vertebral body in relation to the vertebral below. Results : 1. There was significant decrease in the back and radiating pain.(p<0.05) 2. There was significant increase in the abdominal muscle strength.(p<0.05). 3. There was significant decrease in the degree of the anterior displacement. Conclusion: The intervention of manual therapy for lumbar spondylolisthesis is effective in back pain, radiating pain, abdominal muscle strength and degree of the anterior displacement. So, nonsurgical treatment should be attempted before surgical treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.210-213
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• 1998

Background: Epidural steroid therapy has been well-established for the treatment of sciatica and low back pain. Disappointing results following surgical decompression or discectomy have led to wide trials of corticosteroids injected either systemically or into the intraspinally. Although epidural steroid is known to be very effective in the treatment of the patients with low back pain, few data showed the therapeutic duration of epidural steroid. Methods: We studied 120 patients who were treated with epidural steroid for the treatment of low back pain or sciatica or both. We retrospectively analysed the duration of analgesia, number of injections per each session, and complications. Results: The duration of analgesia ranged from 17 days to 300 days, and the mean duration was $73.7{\pm}70.5$ (SD) days. The mean number of injections per each session was $1.8{\pm}1.3$ (range: 1 to 12). There were no significant complications with epidural steroid injections. Conclusions: One to three epidural steroid injections at one week interval leads more than two months of pain relief without significant complications.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2007

Purpose : To investigate the effectiveness of local vibration and interferential therapy for patient with acute low back pain. Methods : A randomized trial designed to compare interferential therapy and local vibration therapy for acute low back pain in primary care setting Results : A total of 60 patients were recruited. The two treatment groups had similar demographic and clinical baseline characteristics. The mean VAS scores before treatment was 8.290 for interferental therapy group and 8.572 for local vibration therapy groups. After treatment, this VAS score had dropped to 4.812(interferental therapy group, at 7 days), and 4.945(local vibration group, at 7 days). Conclusion : This study shows a progressive fall in visual analog scale scores in patients with acute low back pain treated with either interferential therapy and local vibration therapy. There was some difference in the improvement between the two groups at 1 to 4 days, VAS score of vibration therapy groups was low better than interferential therapy groups.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.157-182
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of lumbar stabilizing exercise on the functional recovery and the range of motion of low back pain patients. The subjects were consisted of sixty patients who had non specific chronic low back pain(32 females. 28 males; mean aged 37.3) from 19 to 65 years of age(mean age : 37.3). All subjects randomly assigned to the lumbar stabilizing exercise group, the modalities treatment group, the manual treatment group. Lumbar stabilizing exercise group received manual treatment with lumbar stabilizing exercise for 30minutes, modalities treatment group received hot pack used thermal therapy for 20minutes and ICT used electrical therapy for 20minutes and US or MWD used deep thermal therapy for 15minutes, manual treatment group received modalities treatment with therapeutic massage for 10minutes and joint mobilization or manipulation for 10minutes per day and three times a week during 4 weeks period. The Multilevel Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire(MR-MDQ) was used to measure functional disability level. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) was used to measure subjective pain level. Remodified Schober test(RST) was used to measure forward flexion range of motion of lumbar segment. Finger-to-Floor test(F-T-FT) was used to measure forward flexion range of motion of full spine of low back pain patients. All measurements of each patients were measured at pre-treatment and 4 week post-treatment. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. The MR-MDQ of lumbar stabilizing exercise group, modalities treatment group, and manual treatment group was significantly reduced between pre-treatment and post-treatment(p<.05). 2. The VAS of lumbar stabilizing exercise group, modalities treatment group, and manual treatment group was significantly reduced between pre-treatment and post-treatment(p<.05). 3. The RST of lumbar stabilizing exercise group, modalities treatment group, and manual treatment group was significantly reduced between pre-treatment and post-treatment(p<.05). 4. The F-T-FT of lumbar stabilizing exercise group, modalities treatment group, and manual treatment group was significantly reduced between pre-treatment and post-treatment(p<.05). 5. The results of analyzed effects of MR-MDQ, RST, F-T-FT were significantly reduced (p<.05), but VAS wasn't significantly reduced(p>.05) between treatment type of lumbar stabilizing exercise group and modalities treatment group and manual treatment group according to pre-treatment and post-treatment. 6. The results of LSD post-hoc to find difference between treatment type of lumbar stabilizing exercise group and modalities treatment group and manual treatment group according to pre-treatment and post-treatment that MR-MDQ was significantly reduced stabilizing exercise group than modalities treatment group(p<.05), and VAS wasn't significantly reduced all treatment group(p>.05), and RST was significantly reduced stabilizing exercise group than modalities treatment group(p<.05), and F-T-FT was significantly reduced stabilizing exercise group than modalities treatment group and manual treatment group (p<.05).

• 멤브레인
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2013

고도정수처리를 위한 관형 세라믹 정밀여과와 이산화티타늄($TiO_2$) 광촉매 첨가 PES (polyethersulfone) 구의 혼성공정에서 주기적 물 역세척 시 유기물질의 영향 및 정밀여과(MF), PES 구 흡착, 광산화의 역할을 막오염에 의한 저항($R_f$) 및 투과선속(J), 총여과부피($V_T$) 측면에서 기존의 질소 역세척 결과와 비교하였다. 휴믹산 농도가 증가함에 따라 급격한 막오염으로 $R_f$는 증가하고 J는 감소하여, $V_T$는 휴믹산 농도 2 mg/L에서 가장 높았다. 탁도 처리효율은 물과 질소 역세척 모두 휴믹산 농도와 상관없이 비슷하였다. 유기물질 처리효율은 물 역세척 경우 최대 휴믹산 10 mg/L에서 최소 71.4%이었으나, 질소 역세척에서는 거의 일정하였다. 물과 질소 역세척 모두 MF 및 PES 구, 자외선의 혼성공정(MF + $TiO_2$ + UV)에서 $R_f$가 최소이고, J와 $V_T$는 최대였다. 탁도 및 유기물질의 처리효율도 물과 질소 역세척에 상관없이 MF + $TiO_2$ +UV에서 최대였고, 공정이 MF로 단순화 될수록 처리효율도 점차 감소하였다. 하지만 물 역세척에서는 광산화 보다 흡착이, 질소 역세척에서는 흡착 보다 광산화가 더 주요한 역할을 하였다.