• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.436-442
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• 2008

Buckwheat leaves and young parts of the plant are consumed as a vegetable in certain countries. The quality characteristics of Sulgidduk withadded buckwheat vegetable powder(BVP)(0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5% w/w) were assessed in this study. Weobtained the following results: The water contents of Sulgidduk on the first day evidenced no differences according to the ratio of BVP addition, whereas the water contents of Sulgidduk decreased with increasing storage time and increasing amounts of added BVP. As the amount of BVP increased, both the L value(Lightness) and the a value(Redness) decreased, whereas the b value(Yellowness) increased. In terms of the mechanical texture characteristics, the hardness of the Sulgidduk increased with addition of both 0% and 0.5% BVP, with increases in storage time. The springiness of Sulgidduk was reduced as the quantities of BVP increased. We detected no significant differences in the chewiness of Sulgidduk according to the ratio of BVP addition. Also, the chewiness of Sulgidduk increased with BVP additions of 0% and 0.2% with increases in storage time, whereas no differences were detected in the group to which 0.5% BVP was added. The cohesiveness of the Sulgidduk decreased with increases in BVP and storage time. In our sensory evaluation of the color and flavor characteristics, the optimal quality was reported in conjunction with the Sulgidduk to which 1.0% and 1.5% BVP was added(p<0.05), whereas we noted no significant differences in texture and taste(sweetness) according to the ratio of BVP addition. Sulgidduk with 1% of BVP evidenced the best characteristics in our overall sensory evaluation.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2013

Objectives The present study was designed to investigate the effects of bee venom extract pharmacopunctureon (BVP) at 肩井 (GB21) on the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, and further to determine the mechanisms. Methods We purchased rats about 300g and prepared diluted BVP with normal saline. And we injected diluted BVP to rats gradually progressed from 0.001 mg/kg to 0.1 mg/kg at corresponding region to GB21. After injection, we measured the changes in rCBF and MABP of rats. In addition, to determine the mechanisms of this changes, we did the same experiments twice more after pretreatment with indomethacin and metylene blue separately. Results BVP significantly increased rCBF but decreased MABP, suggesting that BVP potently may increase rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter. Furthermore, the increase of BVP-induced rCBF and the decrease of BVP-induced MABP were significantly blocked by pretreatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (1 mg/kg, i.p.). But the increase of BVP-induced rCBF and the decrease of BVP-induced MABP were not blocked by pretreatment with guanylate cyclase inhibitor, methylene blue (0.01 mg/kg, i.p.). Conclusions These findings indicate that the action of BVP is mediated by cyclooxygenase. Furthermore these results suggest that BVP can increase rCBF in normal state, as well as improve the stability of rCBF in ischemic state.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of the study was to observe local reactions of BV and BVP skin test, and to compare those between BV and BVP. Methods : We performed BV or BVP Skin test to 42 patients, and then we measured wheal and erytherma on skin test area by digital caliper after 15 minutes. Results : 1. In BV Skin test, the mean size of wheals was $l0.l0{\pm}0.78mm$ and the mean size of erythermas was $29.85{\pm}6.23mm$. 2. In BVP Skin test, the mean size of wheals was $7.05{\pm}3.20mm$ and the mean size of erythermas was $19.58{\pm}7.62mm$. 3. The local reactions of BVP Skin test decreased significantly(P<0.01) than those of BV skin test.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

동영상 압축에 관한 국제 표준화 기구인 JCT-VC (Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding) 에서는 High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)의 확장 표준으로 스크린 콘텐츠 영상의 부호화 기술을 위한 HEVC Screen Content Coding(HEVC SCC)표준을 제정하였다. 현재까지 개발된 HEVC SCC 기술들 중 가장 높은 부호화 성능을 보이는 화면 내 블록 카피(IBC, Intra Block Copy)기술은 현재 프레임 내에서 복원된 블록들 중 현재 블록과 가장 유사한 블록을 예측하는 과정이다. IBC에서는 전송되는 블록 벡터의 데이터양을 줄이기 위해 예측 블록 벡터 값과 그 차이 값을 부호화 한다. 본 논문에서는 HEVC SCC 참조 소프트웨어인 SCM-2.0과 SCM-4.0을 이용하여 IBC의 블록 벡터 예측 과정에 대해 분석하였다. 또한 분석한 내용을 바탕으로 HEVC SCC IBC의 IBC의 예측 성능 향상을 위해 예측 블록 벡터(BVP, Block Vector Predictor) 후보 선정 과정에서 기존의 공간적 BVP 후보 외에 인접한 BV에 대한 탐색 과정을 추가하여 개선된 BVP 후보 선정 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법의 실험 결과는 부호화 속도 저하 없이 최소 0.2%부터 최대 1%의 BD-rate 감소를 보인다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2007

본 본문은 Arnold 방정식, Chua's 방정식과 같은 여러 종류의 카오스 회로를 이동 로봇에 내장하여 카오스 이동 로봇을 구성하고 이 카오스 이동 로봇이 어느 임의 평면을 카오스 궤적을 가지고 탐색하다가 장해물을 만나거나 근접하게 되면 장해물을 회피하는 방법과 목표물을 만나면 목표물을 집중 탐색하는 방법을 제시하고 그 결과를 검증하였다. 장해물 회피를 위해서 장해물을 고정 장해물과 BVP 모델을 이용한 은닉 장해물로 장해물을 가정하여 카오스 궤적을 가지고 회피하도록 하는 알고리즘을 개발하고 목표물 탐색을 위해서 BVP 모델을 이용하여 목표물로 가정하여 카오스 궤적을 가지고 집중적으로 탐색하도록 하는 알고리즘을 개발하고 그 결과를 검증하였으며 이에 대한 타당성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2003

Objective : In the pain control, Bee Venom Acupuncture therapy is highly effective but cause allergic side-effects frequently. This study was performed to compare Bee Venom(BV) with BV Partner(BVP) in decreasing side-effects of BV. Methods : BV partner(BVP) which dilutes the Morus bombycis Koiduzumi Herbal Acupuncture was developed to decrease the side effects of the Bee Venom. We used D.I.T.I. to verify the effectiveness of BVP in decreasing side-effect of BV. We injected BV to Group I (n=18) at 4 points of body [Fengmen(風門 : B12), Feishu(肺兪 : B13), Fufen(附分 : B41), Pohu(魄戶 : B42)], and BVP to group II (N=18) at the same points. We observed the chages of temperature at beginning, 5 minutes, 1 hour, 1 day, 2days and 7days after injection. Results : The following results were obtained; 1. The difference of temperature had been continued until 2days in BV group, but 1day in BVP group. 2. The difference of temperature was significantly greater than time at 1hour in BV and at 5 minutes in BVP. 3. Other side-effects(the local pain, redness, angioedema and pruritus) were less appeared in BVP than BV group, too.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2008

Objective This study was performed to investigate whether Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture(BVP) could be a more effective modality than Warm Needling(WN) in relieving pain and symptoms of knee osteoarthritis(OA). Design Prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial. Setting Single center trial in Korea Patients 49 volunteers with knee OA participated in the study. All the participants were screened through an inclusion and exclusion criteria. 33 participants were completed the clinical trial. Intervention The subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received BVP(n=18), while the other group received WN(n=15). Sixteen sessions of BVP or WN were given at the pain region of the problematic knee for 8 weeks. Primary outcome measure is the Korean translation of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores(Korean WOMAC, KWOMAC). Secondary outcome measure is the physical health scores based on the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36) and Patient Global Assessment(PGA). KWOMAC and SF-36 were measured third (baseline, 4 and 8 weeks). PGA was measured twice(4 and 8 weeks). Results BVP group showed significant decrease compared to WN group in pain, function and total scores of KWOMAC according to the Mann-Whitney U-test. In the PGA, BVP group, compared to WN group, showed a significant increase. Conclusions BVP was more effective in relieving pain of knee OA than WN. These findings suggest that BVP is a promising alternative for treating knee OA.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2020

Background: This study was designed using a mouse model of atopic dermatitis [phthalic anhydride (PA)-treated mice], to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of bee venom pharmacopuncture (BVP) in keratinocytes. Methods: Western blot analysis was performed to investigate inflammation related protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, phospho-ERK (p-ERK), and ERK, in LPS (1 ㎍/mL)-activated keratinocytes, following BVP treatment, and in PA-treated mice, after BVP treatment. Griess reaction was performed to investigate NO concentration. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4+, IL-17A+, IL-13 and IL-4 in PA-treated mice after BVP treatment. In addition, monocyte, macrophage, neutrophil, and eosinophil counts were measured to observe the changes in white blood cell infiltration. Results: The keratinocytes of the BVP-treated group showed a decreased expression of iNOS, COX-2, ERK at 5 OX-2, ERK E, and p-ERK at 1, 2 and 5 RKRK ERK ERK, and a dose-dependent decrease in NO concentration at 2 and 5 ntrationof s. In the BVP-treated groups (0.1 μ.1-trea μ.1-treated gr), PA-treated mice showed recovery after 4 weeks which was dose-dependent, showing a significant decrease in clinical scores for AD, and a decreased concentration of IL-13 and IL-4 with BV treatment. There was a dose-dependent decrease in the infiltration of eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and a decreased thickness of the epidermis due to inflammation, and decreased expressions of iNOS, COX-2, p-ERK, ERK, especially in the 0.1 μ0/mL BVP-treated group, Conclusion: These results suggest that BVP may be an effective alternative treatment for atopic dermatitis.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.877-882
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• 1996

Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol(BVP)모델을 실제 소자값을 이용하여 하드웨어를 구현하고 A1 coswt를 인가하여 주기 운동과 카오스 운동을 조사하였다. BVP모델의 하드웨어를 구성하기 위해 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션〔11〕에 의해 구현된 결과를 이용하여 실제 소자값 으로 Rescaling 하였으며 각 계수의 값을 a=0.7, b=0.8, c=0.1로 정하고 주기적 자극 전류의 진폭을 0에서 1.3까지 변화시켜 주기운동에서 카오스 운동으로 천이됨을 위 상공간, 시계열 데이터로 확인하였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.220-229
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• 2019

Background: The therapeutic potential of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture (BVP) on acute ischemic cerebral infraction was determined in mice in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Analysis of acute ischemic cerebral infraction was performed using 7 week old male ICR mice (n = 20) and microglial BV-2 cells. Bee venom ($5{\mu}g/kg$) was injected into the caudal vein of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) mice (1 hour after reperfusion, 3 hours after MCAo probe insertion), and also used to treat LPS-stimulated microglial BV-2 cells (1, 2, $5{\mu}g/mL$). Markers of inflammation were monitored. Results: NO declined statistically significantly in BVP treated MCAo mice compared to the untreated MCAo group (p < 0.05). Compared to the MCAo group, the BVP-treated MCAo group showed a decreased production volume of malondialdehyde, but an increased glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio. Compared to the untreated MCAo group, the BVP treated MCAo group showed a statistically significant decline in TNF and $IL-1{\beta}$ levels (p < 0.05). BVP inhibited the levels of p65, p50, $p-I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$, and levels of p-ERK1/2, p-JNK2, p-P38 declined. Conclusion: BVP is effective at dampening the inflammatory response in vivo and in vitro and may supplement rt-PA treatment.