• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is for consideration of John Galliano's fashion design works. Galliano, young British designer, became the chief designer of Givenchy in 1995 and of Christian Dior in 1996. Through fashion information from WWD, High Fashion, Mode et Mode, Collezioni, Vogue, Internet sites and video tapes from 1995 to 1999, his works were concerned for this study. The results are as followed; First, we can find dynamics in Galliano's works. The dynamic mood came from his study about historic costume. Second, new beauty from dismantling and reconstruction was expressed on his designs. Third, his experimental creativities were based on fashion business. Therefore Galliano's eccentricity signify the Maximalism against the Minimalism which dominated the end of 20th century. So we can find a clue to new millenium in fashion world in his designs.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.125-140
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is confirming the design characteristics and brand strategies of Ralph Lauren's products through the advertising pictures on internet website. Methods of this study are the analysis of his brand growth process, concept strategy and designs by web promotion sites. Also this study defined his brand character and fashion mind. The Results are as follows. 1) Ralph Lauren's concept strategies are 1. Convert british type into American style 2. Presentation an American life style 3. Marketing strategy using life style and IT business. 2) Ralph Lauren's designs characters are 1. Rich and simple style by preppy look 2. Traditional wear of noble taste 3. Western style of American reclamation period 4. Using of comfortable material 5. Unique colors which are simbolic. Today, his classic and preppy designs all draw upon an image of old word wealth and luxury and he pioneered the concept of clothes as part of a lifestyle environment.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.383-390
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• 2005

The diversity of the denitrifying bacterial populations in Daejeon Sewage Treatment Plant was examined using a culture-dependent approach. Of the three hundred and seventy six bacterial colonies selected randomly from agar plates, thirty-nine strains that showed denitrifying activity were selected and subjected to further analysis. According to the morphological and biochemical properties, the thirty nine isolates were divided into seven groups. This grouping was supported by an unweighted pair group method, using an arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis with fatty acid profiles. Restriction pattern analysis of 16S rDNA with four endonucleases (AluI, BstUI, MspI and RsaI) again revealed seven distinct groups, consistent with those defined from the morphological and biochemical properties and fatty acid profiles. Through the phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rDNA partial sequences, the main denitrifying microbial populations were found to be members of the phylum, Proteobacteria; in particular, classes Gammaproteobacteria (Aeromonas, Klebsiella and Enterobacter) and Betaproteobacteria (Acidovorax, Burkholderia and Comamonas), with Firmicutes, represented by Bacillus, also comprised a major group.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2012

Cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) isolated from hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HW-BKP) using sulfuric acid hydrolysis was suspended in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and electrospun into composites nanofibers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the CNW to be rod-like, approximately of $16.1{\pm}4.6$ nm wide and $194{\pm}61$ nm long, providing an aspect ratio of about 12, with a particle size distribution range of $662.2{\pm}301.2$ nm. Uniform and high quality CNW/PVA composite nanofibers were successfully manufactured by the electrospinning method. As the CNW loading increases, the viscosity of CNW/PVA solutions shows a minimum at 1% CNW level which subsequently results in the smallest diameter (193 nm) of electrospun nanofibers. The average diameter of the nanofibers increased up to 284 nm with increasing CNW loading. These results suggest that the electrospinning method provides a great potential of manufacturing consistent and reliable nanofibers from CNW/PVA solution for the formation of scaffolds with potentials in future application.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.127-165
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• 2014

This article regards the phase of political confrontations in Thailand and Burma as a prolonged and inconclusive political struggle between national revolution forces and civil revolution forces. It argues that in Thai case, anti-monarchy constitutional revolution has led to a right-wing national revolution based on state nationalism consolidating capitalist economic system by Sarit's military coup, while in Burmese case, anti-British imperialism movement in colonial era has resulted in a left-wing national revolution grounded on state nationalism associating with socialist economic system by Ne Win's military coup. It is also interesting to note that the two cases experienced state nationalism denying autonomous civil society as a process of nation-building in spite of their contrasting ideologies. In both cases, it became inevitable to have national revolution forces clinging to official nationalism and state nationalism confronting with civil revolution forces seeking popular nationalism and liberal nationalism. In particular, unlike Burmese society, Thai society, without colonial history has never experienced a civil war mobilizing anti-colonial popular nationalism including ethnic revolt. This article considers Dankwart Rustow's argument that national unity as a background condition must precede all the other phases of democratization, but that otherwise its timing is irrelevant. In this context, Thai democratization without national unity which began earlier than Burmese is taking a backward step. For the time being, there would be no solution map to overcome severe political polarization between the right-wing national revolution forces defending official nationalism cum state nationalism and the civil revolution forces trying to go beyond official nationalism towards popular nationalism cum liberal nationalism. In contrast, paradoxically belated Burmese democratization has just taken a big leap in escaping from serious and inconclusive nature of political struggle between the left-wing national revolution forces to defend official nationalism cum state nationalism and civil revolution based on popular nationalism cum liberal nationalism towards a reconciliation phase in order to seek solutions for internal conflicts. The two case studies imply that national unity is not a background condition, but a consequence of the process of political polarization and reconciliation between national revolution forces and civil revolution forces.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2019

In this study, before system development for the elimination of foreign fish species, we propose an algorithm to classify fish species by training fish images with CNN. The raw data for CNN learning were directly captured images for each species, Dataset 1 increases the number of images to improve the classification of fish species and Dataset 2 realizes images close to natural environment are constructed and used as training and test data. The classification performance of four CNNs are over 99.97% for dataset 1 and 99.5% for dataset 2, in particular, we confirm that the learned CNN using Data Set 2 has satisfactory performance for fish images similar to the natural environment. And among four CNNs, AlexNet achieves satisfactory performance, and this has also the shortest execution time and training time, we confirm that it is the most suitable structure to develop the system for the elimination of foreign fish species.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.231-251
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• 2012

In this study, Linked Data was used for extending bibliographic data, because Linked Data provides shareable identifiers, data structures, and link information. Linked Data is especially efficient in expanding bibliographic data integrated with bibliographic ontology. Therefore, Linked Data and bibliographic ontologies were analyzed and available Linked Data was suggested. By linking between meta-data schemes, bibliographic data, and authority data, issues for the effective Linked Data sharing were suggested: 1) selecting proper Linked Data for each bibliographic organization, 2) linking between different Linked Data, and 3) developing their own Linked Data for each bibliographic organization.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 1982

Korean versions of British Medical Research Council (MRC), Cornell Medical Index(CMI), and American Thoracic Society 78 (ATS-DLD-78) respiratory questionaires were compared with each other, and were tested the stability, in terms of test-retest reliability, of each questions by self-administration of those to 156 medical students. The results obtained and conclusions drawn are as follow: 1. The degree of agreements between responses to the comparable questions of CMI vs MRC, and of CMI vs ATS-DLD-78 were not satisfactory. There were, however, $71{\sim}100$ per cent of agreement between responses to the questions on Cough, Wheezing, Phlegm, Breathlessness, and Chest illness of ATS-DLD-78 vs MRC questionaire. And the ATS-DLD-78 tended to yield greater number of positive responses than MRC (See Table 4). 2. All of the coefficient of stability of each questions in 3 questionaires were statistically significant, ranged $77{\sim}100$ per cent, except that of the question on episode of cough and phlegm in ATS-DLD-78 questionaire (See Table 5-1). The question is composed of two collateral conditions, 'lasting for 3 weeks or more' and 'each year'. 3. It can be insisted that the Section-B questions of CMI is not proper for use in epidemiologic survey on respiratory illness. And rather than MRC, the ATS-DLD-78 questionaire deserves to prefer to be used in epidemiologic studies on respiratory illness. 4. In question-wording, especially, of inquiring past experience, it is possible to lessen the reliability of the question that including collateral conditions such as 'the duration lasted of symptoms', and moreover, of which words are not common usage. For example, for Korean '10days' or 'half a month' is more familiar time unit rather than 'week'.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1151-1159
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary level of whole flaxseed (WFS; 0, 10 and 15%) on performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acid composition of serum and subcutaneous, perirenal, and intramuscular adipose tissues of Korean Hanwoo cattle. The daily gains were not different among treatments. Dietary inclusion of WFS decreased (p<0.05) feed intake but improved (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (feed/gain). Backfat thickness and marbling score were increased (p<0.05) by dietary WFS. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, loin-eye area, and carcass yield and quality were not different among treatments. The proportion of C18:3 in serum and, to a lesser extent, in adipose tissues were increased (p<0.01) by dietary WFS, indicating that lipids from WFS escaped ruminal biohydrogenation. Animals fed WFS had lower proportions of saturated fatty acid (SFA; C14:0 and 16:0) and higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; C18:2. 18:3, 20:2, 20:4, 20:5 and 22:6) in perirenal and intramuscular fat than animals fed diets without WFS, resulting in an increased PUFA/SFA ratio. Furthermore, feeding WFS increased (p<0.01) proportions of $\omega$-3 and $\omega$-6 fatty acids in intramuscular fat but decreased (p<0.05) the $\omega$-6/$\omega$-3 ratio. Relative treatment effects were similar between 10 and 15% WFS. Feeding WFS can effectively alter composition of adipose tissues with enhanced feed conversion ratio.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.255-261
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• 2010

Pluronic as pharmaceutical excipients are listed in the US and British Pharmacopoeia. In particular, Pluronics exist as different compositions and display abundant phases as self-assembling into polymeric micelles with various morphologies depending on the aqueous solvent quality, the composition of structure, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). Pluronics were also known as a P-gp modulator, which was exploited as a reversal molecule of multi-drug resistant (MDR) cancers. We selected a lamella forming Pluronic L92 which has high hydrophobicity and relatively long PEO block among L series of Pluronics. The dispersion of L92 showed great size particles and low stability. To increase the stability and to decrease the particle size, secondary Pluronics (F68, F88, F98, F127, P85, P105, and P123) with relatively long PEO chain were added into 0.1 wt% Pluronic L92 dispersion. The stability of binary systems was increased due to incorporated long PEO chain. Their particle sizes slightly decreased to over 200~400 nm and their solubilization capacity of binary systems didn't change except Pluronic L92/P123 mixtures. The L92/P123 systems showed ca. 100 nm sizes and lowest turbidity among the all systems. The solubilization capacity of 0.1 wt% L92/0.1 wt% P123 was slightly increased compared to 0.1 wt% L92 mono system and other binary systems. These nano-sized binary systems may have potential as alternative drug delivery systems with simple preparation method and overcome the drawbacks of mono systems such as low stability and loading capacity.