• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2020

Recently, as a BIM-based construction simulation system, 4D CAD tools using virtual reality (VR) objects are being applied in construction project. In such a system, since the expression of the object is based on VR image, it has a sense of separation from the real environment, thus limiting the use of field engineers. For this reason, there are increasing cases of applying augmented reality (AR) technology to reduce the sense of separation from the field and express realistic VR objects. This study attempts to develop a methodology and BIM module for the pre-construction verification system using AR technology to increase the practical utility of VR-based BIM objects. To this end, authors develop an AR-based drawing verification function and drawing object-based 4D model augmentation function that can increase the practical utility of 2D drawings, and verify the applicability of the system by performing case analysis. Since VR object-based image has a problem of low realism to field engineers, the linking technology between AR object and 4D model is expected to contribute to the expansion of the use of 4D CADsystem in the construction project.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.34-44
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• 2021

This study quantitatively analyzes the work performance of the structural safety diagnosis team that diagnoses pipe racks. To this end, a method for evaluating the performance of the structural safety diagnosis team using the queuing model was proposed. For verification, the case of applying the existing method and the method of introducing a 3D laser scanner for one site was used. The period, number of people, and initial investment cost of each project were collected through interviews with case project experts. As a result of analyzing the performance of the structural safety diagnosis team using the queuing model, it was possible to confirm the probability of delay in the work of each project and the amount of delayed work. Through this, the cost (standby cost) when the project was delayed was analyzed. Finally, economic analysis was conducted in consideration of the waiting cost, labor cost, and initial investment cost. The results of this study can be used to decide whether to introduce 3D laser scanners.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2015

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) has provided abundant resources and guidelines for a new project to become a sustainable anchor in the neighborhood. Paired with a range of checklist, LEED has strong influence on the standards for a sustainable building, and it also has played an iconic role in energy-efficient architecture. However, it is still unclear as to whether or not an LEED certified building enhances environmental benefits to its surroundings. If an LEED certification promises a baseline for an eco-friendly building, then a group of these structures should ensure significant environmental benefits to the society. This is the main question of this study, and the authors answer this hypothesis by examining the relationship of LEED certificates and their influence on outdoor temperature, especially in terms of urban heat island effect. The goal of this paper is to analyze the influence of the LEED certification on urban temperature as an indicator of sustainable architecture's regional interactions. If an LEED certificate is regarded as a strong contributor to a sustainable built environment, then a group of these certificates should result in greater benefits to society. To this extent, the authors question if there is any possible relationship between a large concentration of LEED certified sites and the temperature of their surroundings. To properly assess the research direction, Global Moran's I analysis, Local Moran's I analysis, and Hot Spot analysis are implemented to find the clustered areas of LEED certified buildings. For examining relationships between clustered area and its temperature, correlation efficients are calculated.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.273-284
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• 2023

건설프로젝트 진행 시 골조공사 후 시공상태를 점검하는 업무가 필수적이며, 이에 골조의 수직 및 수평 정확도를 점검하고 결함에 대한 보수작업을 수행한다. 하지만 기존의 업무방식은 점검자의 주관적 판단 및 인적오류의 발생 가능성으로 인한 신뢰성 문제, 수작업으로 인한 인력 및 시간 소모적 문제 등이 존재한다. 이에 본 연구는 상기 문제점을 해결하고, 골조공사 시공상태 점검 및 결과공유 과정의 효율을 높이고자 LiDAR 및 AR 기술의 활용방안을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 LiDAR를 통해 골조의 3D Point Cloud 데이터를 취득하여 시공상태 점검에 적용하는 방안과, 점검결과 데이터를 BIM 모델에 입력 후, AR을 통해 시각화하는 방안을 제안하였다. 이는 기존 방식 대비 점검과정의 객관성, 결과공유의 신속성 및 정확도 측면에서 효율적인 방식임을 확인하였으며, 더불어 건설프로젝트 전체의 품질 및 생산성 향상에 기여할수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 블록체인 환경에서 상호간 데이터를 안전하게 공유하기 위한 NFT 기반의 접근 제어 방안을 제안한다. 기존의 블록체인에 기록되는 모든 데이터는 기술 특성상 누구나 접근할 수 있기 때문에 민감한 데이터를 공유하는 경우에는 인가받은 사람 외에는 접근을 제어할 필요가 있다. 이를 위해서 제안하는 방안에서는 각 데이터를 NFT로 발행하고, 컨트랙트를 통해 데이터에 대한 접근을 제어한다. 또, 기존의 NFT가 가지는 단일 소유권의 한계를 극복하기 위해 소유권과 사용권으로 개념을 분리하여 사용자간 데이터를 안전하게 공유할 수 있도록 한다. 소유권은 원본 NFT로 발행하고, 사용권은 사본 NFT로 발행하여 관리하며, NFT로 발행되는 모든 데이터는 암호화된 후 업로드가 진행되기 때문에 반드시 접근 제어가 이루어지는 스마트 컨트랙트를 통해서만 데이터의 공유가 가능하다. 이러한 접근 방안을 검증하기 위해 BIM(Building Information Modeling) 데이터 거래라는 가상의 시나리오를 설정하고, 접근 제어가 필요한 32가지 함수 호출 시나리오를 만족하는 스마트 컨트랙트를 구성하였다. 또한, 무차별 대입을 통한 복호화 공격 가능성을 고려하여 이에 대한 안정성을 평가하였다. 이를 통해 블록체인 환경에서 안전하게 개인 간 데이터를 공유할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2018

The research aims to find implications of machine learning and urban big data as a way to construct the flexible transportation network system of smart city by responding the urban context changes. This research deals with a problem that existing a bus headway model is difficult to respond urban situations in real-time. Therefore, utilizing the urban big data and machine learning prototyping tool in weathers, traffics, and bus statues, this research presents a flexible headway model to predict bus delay and analyze the result. The prototyping model is composed by real-time data of buses. The data is gathered through public data portals and real time Application Program Interface (API) by the government. These data are fundamental resources to organize interval pattern models of bus operations as traffic environment factors (road speeds, station conditions, weathers, and bus information of operating in real-time). The prototyping model is implemented by the machine learning tool (RapidMiner Studio) and conducted several tests for bus delays prediction according to specific circumstances. As a result, possibilities of transportation system are discussed for promoting the urban efficiency and the citizens' convenience by responding to urban conditions.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2021

Existing real estate markets are monopolized because they are capital intensive and have information asymmetry. However, with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technology is converging in various industries based on information technology (IT), and the real estate market is also developing a new field called "PropTech". According to this trend, new PropTech technologies are emerging in various real estate services sectors in Korea, but the electronic contract system, which accounts for the largest portion of the real estate industry, is still cited as a complex identification process and long processing time. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an improvement plan for the current electronic contract system through the introduction of blockchain technology, which is drawing attention with the development of PropTech, and explore the possibility of introduction by producing an experimental model of blockchain-applied electronic contract system in a programming language.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.920-927
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• 2009

Many schedule delays and cost overruns in interior construction are caused by a lack of understanding in detailed and complicated interior works. To minimize these potential impacts in interior construction, a systematic approach for project managers to detect discrepancies at early stages and take corrective action through use of visualized data is required. This systematic implementation is still challenging: monitoring is time-consuming due to the significant amount of as-built data that needs to be collected and evaluated; and current interior construction progress reports have visual limitations in providing spatial context and in representing the complexities of interior components. To overcome these issues, this research focuses on visualization and computer vision techniques representing interior construction progress with photographs. The as-planned 3D models and as-built photographs are visualized in a 3D walk-through model. Within such an environment, the as-built interior construction elements are detected through computer vision techniques to automatically extract the progress data linked with Building Information Modeling (BIM). This allows a comparison between the as-planned model and as-built elements to be used for the representation of interior construction progress by superimposing over a 3D environment. This paper presents the process of representing and detecting interior construction components and the results for an ongoing construction project. This paper discusses implementation and future potential enhancement of these techniques in construction.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2016

While institutional matters such as improvement on Basic Guidelines for Construction Safety are greatly concerned to reduce falling accidents at construction sites, there are short of studies on how to practically predict accident signs at construction sites and to preemptively prevent them. As one of existing accident prevention methods, it was attempted to build the early warning system based on standardized accident scenarios to control the situations. However, the investment cost was too high depending on the site situation, and it did not help construction workers directly since it was developed to mainly provide support operational work support to safety managers. In the long run, it would be possible to develop the augmented reality based accident prevention method from the worker perspective by extracting product information from BIM, visually rendering it along with site installation materials term and comparing it with the site situation. However, to make this method effective, the BIM model should be implemented first and the technology that can promptly process site situations should be introduced. Accordingly, it is necessary to identify risk signs through lightweight image processing to promptly respond only with currently available resources. In this study, it was intended to propose the system concept that identified potential risk factors of falling accidents by histogram equalization, which was known as the fastest image processing method presently, used visual words, which could enhance model classification by wording image records, to determine the risk factors and notified them to the work manager.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.276-287
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• 2022

1990년대 이후로 문화유산 분야에서도 디지털 기술의 적용이 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 이는 기존에 기록, 보관되고 있던 문화원형 데이터를 활용하는 방안으로 문화유산의 새로운 활용 가능성을 제시하였다. 특히, COVID-19, 시간적 제약과 같은 다양한 외부 상황으로 문화유산을 향유하는 방법이 다변화되었고, 건물 자체를 옮길 수 없는 건축문화유산에서 비대면 디지털 콘텐츠의 활용은 중요한 역할을 하게 되었다. 건축문화유산의 진정성을 올바르게 표현하는 방안으로 건축정보모델(BIM) 기술이 고려되지만, 단순히 BIM으로 건축문화유산 콘텐츠를 만드는 것으로는 문화유산의 진정성을 표현한다고 할 수 없다. 따라서 콘텐츠 제작 과정의 신뢰성을 인증된 기관을 통해 보여주며, 콘텐츠 상에서 부재의 정보 제공이 필요하다. 본 연구는 건축문화유산 콘텐츠 제작에서 신뢰성 확보와 진정성 표현을 위한 방안을 제시하여, 디지털 문화유산 분야에 기여하고자 한다.