• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2003

Negotiation plays a fundamental role in human cooperative activities, allowing people to resolve conflicts that could interfere with cooperative behaviors. Negotiation In multi-agent systems is achieved through the exchange of messages In a shared agent communication language (ACL). We introduce a rational negotiation meta-language for autonomous, self-interested, and resource-bounded artificial BDI agents. We then propose a negotiation protocol for BDI agents with communicative acts based on their mental states.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.192-199
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• 2003

Agents in multi-agent systems (MAS ) are required to achieve their own goals. An agent s goal, however, can conflict with others either when agents compete with each other to achieve a common goal or when they have to use a set of limited resources to accomplish agents divergent goals. In either case, agents need to be designed to reach a mutual acceptable state where they can avoid any goal conflicts through negotiation with others to achieve their goals. In this paper, we consider a BDI agent architecture where belief, desire, and intention are the three major components for agents mental attitudes and represent resource-bounded BDI agents in logic programming framework. We propose a negotiation algorithm for BDI agents solving their problems without goal conflicts in distributed cooperative environments. Finally, we describe a simple scenario to show the effectiveness of the negotiation algorithm implemented in a negotiation meta-language.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2001.01a
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• pp.511-515
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• 2001

Many intelligent agent systems are known to incorporate BDI architecture for cognitive reasoning. Since this architecture contains all the knowledge of world model and reasoning rule, it is very complex and difficult to handle. This paper describes a methodology to design and implement BDI architecture, BDIAXml based on XML for multi-agent systems. This XML-based BDI architecture is smaller than any other BDI architecture because it separates knowledge for reasoning from domain knowledge and enables knowledge sharing using XML technology. Knowledge for BDI mental state and reasoning is composed of specific XML files and these XML files are stored into a specific knowledge server. Most systems using BDIAxml architecture can access knowledge from this server. We apply this BDIAXml system to domain of Hospital Information System and show that this architecture performs more efficiently than other BDI architecture system in terms of knowledge sharing, system size, and ease of use.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.91-103
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• 2004

Multi-agent systems for semantic web applications require efficient implementation of agent architectures without sacrificing the flexibility and the level of abstraction that agent architectures provide. In this paper, we present an agent system, called VivAce, which is implemented in Java to achieve both high efficiency and the level of abstraction provided by the BDI agent architecture. VivAce (Vivid Agent Computing Environment) has the characteristics of a vivid agent through the BDI agent model. A vivid agent is a software-controlled system whose state comprises the mental components of knowledge, perceptions, tasks, and intentions, and whose behavior is represented by means of action and reaction rules. We first identify the requirements for multi-agent systems and then present the relevant features of VivAce and experimental results.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.91-110
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• 2012

Recently the effort of retailers improving the efficiency of store operations by using the information technology (IT) is increasing. Among them, the analysis of the shoppers' flow in retail stores is one of the critical tasks since it is an essential part in optimizing store layout and item grouping, and in developing the customized services specialized to shoppers' classification. Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) is one of the most promising methods which support analyzing the shoppers' flow. In this paper, we suggested a shopper's behavior model and developed an agent-based simulator for optimizing the operations of retail stores. In order to model the shoppers' behavior, we analyzed the behavioral characteristics of shoppers based on their shopping lists, suggesting BDI-based agent models of the shoppers' behavior. The shopping agent model were suggested, which has an additional mental state, the shopper's behavioral characteristic, as well as the original mental states of the BDI theory which has beliefs, desires and Intentions. The result of this study can be used in as a preliminary study for modeling and simulation of retail stores congestion and in the end the optimization of item grouping and store layout.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.325-327
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• 2001

멀티에이전트 시스템(MAS: Multi-Agent System)에서 에이전트는 각자의 목표 달성을 위해 주위 에이전트들과 상호작용하여 목표의 충돌이 없는 일치 상황에 도달하도록 설계될 필요가 있다. 이러한 상호작용은 MAS에서의 협동, 공조, 그리고 협상 등의 분양에 필수적인 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 MAS에서 믿음(Belief), 소망(Desire), 그리고 의도(Intention)를 에이전트 구조의 핵심 요소로 가정하고, FIPA Agent Communication Language(ACL) 사양과 interaction 프로토콜의 변형에 기초하여 BDI 에이전트를 위한 협상 프로토콜을 소개한다. 또한 Java와 Prolog를 결합시킨 InterProlog 프로그래밍 언어로 목표 충돌을 일으키는 BDI 에이전트들을 생성하고 에이전트들이 협상 프로토콜을 사용하여 협상하는 과정을 시험적으로 구현한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.250-252
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• 2002

In most Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), agents are required to achieve their own goals. An agent's goals, however, can conflict with others either when agents compete with earth other to achieve a common goal or when they have to use a set of limited resources to accomplish agents'divergent goals. In this paper, we consider that a BDI architecture, as a shorthand fur belief, desire, and intention in any agent-based systems, is a core component of agents' mental attitudes and represent resource-bounded BDI agents in logic programming framework. We propose an algorithm in which BDI agents with different goals solve their problems through negotiation resolving goal conflicts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.235-237
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• 2006

소프트웨어는 네트워크로 연결된 다수의 시스템으로 분산되어 주어진 문제를 해결하기 위해 서로 협업하는 방향으로 발전하고 있다. 이러한 시스템의 적절한 예로 멀티 에이전트 시스템을 들 수 있다. 에이전트를 통해 시스템은 느슨하게 결합되어 에이전트의 교체, 추가 및 확장 등이 용이하다. 본 논문에서는 BDI 아키텍처에 기반한 지능형 에이전트 시스템인 VivACE 에이전트 시스템을 제시하고 JADE 플랫폼을 이용해 멀티 에이전트 시스템으로 확장하는 예를 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.75-78
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• 2004

이 논문에서는 규칙 기반 시스템의 문제에 대한 뛰어난 표현력과 빠른 추론 등의 장점을 BDI 에이전트 구조에 적절히 반영할 수 있는 규칙 기반 BDI 에이전트 구조를 제안한다. 제안하는 구조에서는 에이전트의 능력과 계획을 이해하기 쉬운 if-then 규칙으로 기술하고, 에이전트 상태를 믿음,목적,의도 집합으로 표현하여 이를 기반으로 어떤 규칙을 실행할 것인가를 결정한다. 절차적 지식에 해당되는 규칙계획의 실행을 독립적인 규칙 엔진이 담당하기 때문에 진행 중인 작업의 컨텍스트를 유지할 수 있고, 컨텍스트가 다른 여러 작업을 동시에 처리할 수 있다. 또한, STRIPS 연산자로 자연스럽게 변환 가능한 규칙을 이용하여 계획생성이 가능하고, 생성된 계획을 규칙으로 추가하여 점진적으로 에이전트 능력을 향상시킬 수 있다. 제안하는 에이전트 구조는 규칙 기반의 BDI 모델을 따르기 때문에 동적인 환경에서 반응성과 목표 지향성을 충족할 뿐만 아니라 에이전트의 지식 표현과 구축 및 제어 구조가 간단한 에이전트 구축이 가능하다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.9
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• pp.1089-1094
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• 2004

Agents in Mlulti-Agent Systems (MAS) should make use of a common Agent Communication Language (ACL) in order to negotiate with others, and conform to negotiation protocols that are designed to reach agreements. Therefore, agents must have suitable architectures that could cover above requirements. In this paper, we define an instructive ACL and compare it with other ACLs such as Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents(FIPA) ACL and Knowledge Query Manipulation Language (KQML). In particular, we represent agents as logic programs with beliefs, desires, intentions and negotiation library. Finally, we show how the planner, which is in the negotiation library, provides plans of actions and updates agent's beliefs.