• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.44-56
• /
• 1983

This study is attempted to serve the fundamental theory for ‘The reorganization of Korean coastal and adjacent water fishery.’ On the Korean coastal and adjacent water fishery where one species stock is catched by multiple fisheries, traditional analysis is not suitable, as analyzing through adjusting the heterogeneous fishing effort among the fisheries to an unit having same fishing strength. Therefore, this study presents the ‘Multi-Variable Model’, adopting fishing effort from each fishery as independent variable, respectively, in order to analyze the quantitative fluctuation of fishery resource not with fishing strength but with amount of fishing effort, measured by the unit of each fishery. For the sake of simplication, this study assumes that one species is catched by two fishery, premise two assumption. 1) Every fishery has not the selectivity in fishing 2) The promotion of fishing efficiency is accomplished in the same speed. Resource equilibrium equation of each fishery is; $$CPUE_1=\frac{Y_1}{E_1}=a_1+ b_1\cdot E_1+c_1\cdot E_1$$ $$CPUE_1=\frac{Y_1}{E_1}=a_1+ b_1\cdot E_1+c_1\cdot E_1$$ Sustainable yield equation is; $$SY_1=a_1\cdot E_1+\cdot b_1E{_1}{^2}+c_1\cdot E_1\cdot E_1$$ $$SY_1=a_1\cdot E_1+b_1\cdot E_1\cdot E_1+c_1\cdot E{_1}{^2}$$ This study is rudimentary, hereafter, refinemental analysis will be supplemented.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2009

Recently, according to the product variety of multimedia content some problems are occurred as like an illegal copying, an illegal distribution and a copyright infringement etc. So, for the solution of these problems, some methods were proposed as like watermarking which inserts the information of copyright to the content and the cipher for authentication to DRM which prevents an illegal copying using RSA. In this paper, the multimedia fingerprint based on BIBD code is inserted to the bit-plane of the image content for DRM with RSA, and while the decoding processing. The experiment is operated with the consideration of the image transmission and the transformation. As a result it confirmed that the multimedia fingerprint code inserted in image is detected 60% upper at AWGN 7dB and detected completely 100% at AWGN 10dB upper on PSNR 30, 40, 70 and 80 of Stirmark attacks.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.44-49
• /
• 2015

Ceiling cooling and heating system that consider load arrangement and space in the ceiling needs to be developed. Therefore, experimental and economic changes were done to verify the performance of compact type VAV. The test results were as follow. 1) Noise test result, measuring approximately 50.4 dB~56.6 dB (before ceiling in landfill), had a better ceiling deadline than the current measure, about a 10 dB noise reduction, so that the office baseline (40~50 dB) noise was judged to be less than test. 2) For the static pressure test result, taking out an outside hydrostatic 25 mmAq, 24.8 mmAq was measured, respectively, at the point. 3) For the life-cycle cost analysis result, the initial investment cost, maintenance replacement costs, and maintenance costs increased 0.2%, but the energy savings ratio was 19.5% while the whole life cycle savings of 40 years LCC was reduced 11.9%.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.321-324
• /
• 2014

This letter describes a two-phase clock oxide thin-film transistor shift register that executes a robust operation over a wide threshold voltage range and clock coupling noises. The proposed circuit employs an additional Q generation block to avoid the clock coupling noise effects. A SMART-SPICE simulation shows that the stable shift register operation is established for the clock coupling noises and the threshold voltage variation from -4 V to 5 V at a line time of $5{\mu}s$. The magnitude of coupling noises on the Q(15) node and Qb(15) node of the 15th stage is respectively -12.6 dB and -26.1 dB at 100 kHz in the proposed circuit, compared to 6.8 dB and 10.9 dB in a conventional one. In addition, the estimated power consumption is 1.74 mW for the proposed 16-stage shift registers at $V_{TH}=-1.56V$, compared to 11.5 mW for the conventional circuits.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.25-35
• /
• 1993

Tetra-tert-butyl-tetrapropionycalix (4) arena (C56H7208) is Triclinic, space group Pl, with a=13.664(5), b=17.585(5), c=12.863(2)A, a=109.33(2), B=111.97(2), γ=76.45(3) ˚, Z=2, V=2684.08A3, D, =1.152g/cm3, Dm=1.15g/cm3. The intensity data were collected on an Enraf-Nonius CAD-4 Diffractometer with a graphite monochromated Mo-Ka radiation. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by leastsquares methods. The final R factor was 0.084 for 2561 observed reflections. The configuration of the molecule from the X-ray crystallographic investigation has the partial cone conformation, three tort-butylphenyls are down and a tort-butylphenyl is up. Three propionyloxy groups direct toward the exterior of the macrocycle cavity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.249-255
• /
• 2013

Recently, algae has been considered as a potential anti-inflammatory source due to its distinctive habitat environment exposing to light and high oxygen concentration. In present study, anti-inflammatory effect of brown alga, Sargassum fullvellum ethanol extract (SFEE), was examined. SFEE inhibited not only the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$) but also the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells without affecting cell viability. SFEE also suppressed the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$), suggesting that SFEE could affect the expression of inflammation related cytokines and proteins through the regulation of NF-${\kappa}B$. Furthermore, formation of edema of the ear was 40% lower in mice treated with the highest dose (250 mg/kg) of SFEE than in the control mice. Thus, our study showed that SFEE may be a potential therapeutic anti-inflammatory drug.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 1981

The purpose of this study were: (1) to ascertain the labels, (2) to investigate the designs and materials of blouses, and (3) to analyze the prices. The period of observation was from April 1st to May 10th, 1981. The interviews with related producers and saleswomen and a questionnaire were used for this study. The questionaire was made with items after finishing the pretest. The observation of six observers was made in markets(group D). B), commercial agents manufactures (group C), and bontiques group D). For the statistical analysis, 120 blouses were used among 154 blouses which were examined. The results of this study indicated that: (1) Blouses with labels were 56.7% by group A and 100.0% by group BC and D. (2) In the styles of blouses, box style was popular I four groups. (3) Among various types of sleeves, set-in sleeve was popular in four groups. The most sleeves were finished with cuffs. (4) The shirtwaist collars were popular in group AQ and B, rippled collars and chinese collars I group C, and rippled collars I group D.(5) In thee materials of blouses, polyester was poplar I group A and B, polyester/cotton in group C, and cotton in group d. (6) The prices of blouses were from 4,500 to 15,000 won in group A, from 5,000 to 37,300 won in group B, from 12,500 to 52,000 won in group C, and from 30,000 to 90,000 won in group D.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.411-420
• /
• 1986

Quantization noise of nonadaptive Linear Delta Modulation(LDM) and adaptive Constant Factor Delta Modulation(CFDM) systems is studied. The formulas for quantization noise of CFDM system are derived on the basis of the rusults of LDM. And the output signal-to-quantization noise ratios(SNR) in LDM and CFDM systems are calculated in the range of bit rates from 16[Kb/s] to 96[Kb/s]. By comparing LDM and CFDM, it is known that the adaptive DM is superior to non-adaptive DM by 8[dB] when bit rate is 20[Kb/s] and SNR advantage increases to 14[dB] when bit rate is 56[Kb/s]. All the theoretical results agree well with the experimental results.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2009

An InGaP/GaAs MMIC LC VCO designed with Harmonic Noise Frequency Filtering(HNFF) technique is presented. In this VCO, internal inductance is found to lower the phase noise, based on an analytic understanding of phase noise. This VCO directly drives the on-chip double balanced mixer to convert RF carrier to IF frequency through local oscillator. Furthermore, final power performance is improved by output amplifier. This paper presents the design for a 1.721 GHz enhanced LC VCO, high power double balance mixer, and output amplifier that have been designed to optimize low phase noise and high output power. The presented asymmetric inductance tank(AIT) VCO exhibited a phase noise of -133.96 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset and a tuning range from 1.46 GHz to 1.721 GHz. In measurement, on-chip down-converter shows a third-order input intercept point(IIP3) of 12.55 dBm, a third-order output intercept point(OIP3) of 21.45 dBm, an RF return loss of -31 dB, and an IF return loss of -26 dB. The RF-IF isolation is -57 dB. Also, a conversion gain is 8.9 dB through output amplifier. The total on-chip down-converter is implanted in 2.56${\times}$1.07 mm$^2$ of chip area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.272-278
• /
• 2015

The aim of this study is to find out the behavior and acoustic backscattering of the large jellyfish Nemopliema nomurai using hydroacoustics in situ. N. nomurai was distributed at depths ranging from 10~15 m during the day. Regarding the behavior of N. nomurai, there was no significant change in depth, and 3D tortuosity was not high. The vertical direction was ${\pm}10^{\circ}$ from the horizontal, and moving speed was $0.9{\sim}1.5\;m\;s^{-1}$. With regard to hydro-acoustical characteristics, the mean TS of N. nomurai ranged from -69.6~-56.0 dB at 38 kHz and -69.4~-54.5 dB at 120 kHz. TS variation (Max TS-Min TS) at 38 and 120 kHz was 0~10.2 dB and 0.2~16.0 dB, respectively. Mean TS and TS variation (Max TS-Min TS) of N. nomurai were higher at 120 kHz than at 38 kHz. The results showed that the use of hydroacoustics was effective in estimating the distribution depth, behavior, and acoustic characteristics of the target.