• Title/Summary/Keyword: B3G

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A Study to Improve the Accuracy of Segmentation and Classification of Mosaic Images over the Korean Peninsula (한반도 모자이크 영상의 분할 및 분류 정확도 향상을 위한 연구)

  • Moon, Jiyoon;Lee, Kwang Jae
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.37 no.6_3
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    • pp.1943-1949
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    • 2021
  • In recent years, as the demand of high-resolution satellite images increases due to the miniaturization and constellation of satellites, various efforts to support users to utilize satellite images more conveniently are performed. Accordingly, the Korea Aerospace Research Institute produces and provides mosaic images on the Korean Peninsula every year to improve the convenience of users in the public sector and activate the use of satellite images. In order to increase the utilization of mosaic images on the Korean Peninsula, a study on satellite image segmentation and classification using mosaic images was attempted. However, since mosaic images provide only R, G, and B bands and processes such as image sharpening and color balancing are applied, there is a limitation that the spectral information of original images is distorted, so various indices were extracted and classified using R, G, and B bands to compensate for this. As a result of the study, the accuracy of image classification results using only mosaic images was about 72%, while the accuracy of image classification results using indices extracted from R, G, and B bands together was about 79%. Through this, it was confirmed that when performing image classification using mosaic images on the Korean Peninsula, the image classification results can be improved if the indices extracted from R, G, and B bands are used together. These research results are expected to be applied not only to mosaic images but also to images in which spectral information is limited or only R, G, and B bands are provided.

Connected geodesic number of a fuzzy graph

  • Rehmani, Sameeha;Sunitha, M.S.
    • Annals of Fuzzy Mathematics and Informatics
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.301-316
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, the concept of connected geodesic number, $gn_c(G)$, of a fuzzy graph G is introduced and its limiting bounds are identified. It is proved that all extreme nodes of G and all cut-nodes of the underlying crisp graph $G^*$ belong to every connected geodesic cover of G. The connected geodesic number of complete fuzzy graphs, fuzzy cycles, fuzzy trees and of complete bipartite fuzzy graphs are obtained. It is proved that for any pair k, n of integers with $3{\leq}k{\leq}n$, there exists a connected fuzzy graph G : (V, ${\sigma}$, ${\mu}$) on n nodes such that $gn_c(G)=k$. Also, for any positive integers $2{\leq}a<b{\leq}c$, it is proved that there exists a connected fuzzy graph G : (V, ${\sigma}$, ${\mu}$) such that the geodesic number gn(G) = a and the connected geodesic number $gn_c(G)=b$.

Quality Characteristics of Baguette using Fermented Rice Bran Sourdough (발효미강 Sourdough를 이용한 바게트 빵의 품질특성)

  • Hwang, Gum-Hee;Yun, Hai-Ra;Jung, Hee-Nam;Choi, Ok-Ja
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.307-316
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    • 2014
  • This study was carried out in order to investigate the quality characteristics of baguette with different amounts of yeast and fermented rice bran sourdough(Control: Yeast 30 g + Fermented rice bran sourdough 0 g, A sample: Yeast 20 g + Fermented rice bran sourdough 150 g, B sample: Yeast 10 g + Fermented rice bran sourdough 300 g, C sample: Yeast 0 g + Fermented rice bran sourdough 450 g). The pH of fermented rice bran sourdough by fermentation time was decreased as the fermentation time was longer. The pH of baguette dough was decreased as the fermented rice bran sourdough increased; the volume was the highest in control at the 1st fermentation, and in the B sample at the 2nd fermentation. The weight of baguette was the highest in the C sample, and the volume and specific volume were the highest in the B sample. The microstructure of the cross section analysis indicated that the air cell of baguette crumb was large and regular in the B sample. The moisture content and water binding capacity were the highest in the B sample, although significantly different. The L value was decreased as there was an increasing addition ratio of fermented rice bran sourdough; further, the a and b values were decreased with an increase in baguette volume. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness were decreased as volume and specific volume were increased; yet, springiness was increased. According to the result of the sensory evaluation, the flavor, taste, appearance and texture were the highest in the B sample.

Waiting Times in the B/G/1 Queue with Server Vacations

  • Noh, Seung-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 1994
  • We consider a B/G/1 queueing with vacations, where the server closes the gate when it begins a vacation. In this system, customers arrive according to a Bernoulli process. The service time and the vacation time follow discrete distributions. We obtain the distribution of the number of customers at a random point in time, and in turn, the distribution of the residence time (queueing time + service time) for a customer. It is observed that solutions for our discret time B/G/1 gated vacation model are analogous to those for the continuous time M/G/1 gated vacation model.

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G2B추진 전략과 정부의 역할

  • 정기붕
    • Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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    • 2001.08a
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2001
  • ■ G28가 전자정부 구현에서 차지하는 중요성은 대부분의 선진국들이 전자정부구현의 기본 과제로서 G2B를 추진하고 있는 것에서 잘 알 수 있음 - 미국, 영국, 호주, 싱가포르는 교육, 고용, 의료, 전자조달, 기업서비스, 사회 보장 등 다양한 영역에서 전자정부 사업을 추진하고 있으며, G2B의 경우 모든 국가가 공통적으로 추진하고 있는 과제임- 미국의 경우, 연방정부와 지방정부의 85%이상이 향후3년 내에 전자조달 시스템을 구현 할 계획을 가지고 있으며, 상담수의 정부 기관은 이미 이러한 시스템을 갖추고 있음 ■ 민간 부문을 살펴보더라도, e-Business의 이니셔티브로서 구현이 신속하고 용이하며, 가장 큰 효과를 창출할 수 있다는 측면에서 전자조달을 우선적으로 추진하는 경우가 많이 나타남(중략)

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In Vivo Preperation of Standard Reference Materials of Lead in Blood (생체내 혈중 납 표준물질의 제조)

  • Chung, Kyou-Chull;Choi, Ho-Chun
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.28 no.4 s.51
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    • pp.863-873
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    • 1995
  • This report describes a preperation and characterization of canine blood lead(Pb) standard reference material(SRM). Three adult beagle dogs(A, B, and C)were orally dosed with gelatin capsules containing $Pb(NO_3)_2$, equivalent to $10\sim80mg$ Pb/kg body weight. Blood was drawn 24 hours after the dose from the cephalic vein into lead free 500ml Pyrex beaker in which EDTA.K was contained as an anticoagulant. The amount of lead given to individual dog was varied arbitrarily. Three month later, 3 canine animals were orally dosed with lead secondarily to make mixed SRM(D1) which was mixed different concentrations of lead in bloods with A1, B1, and C1 in vitro. The SRMs for A, B, C, A1, B1, C1, and D1 were distributed 2ml each into more than 300 lead free bottles, and were stored in refregerator at $4^{\circ}C$. The amount of lead in canine whole blood samples were determined using a Varian 30A atomic absorption spectrophotometer(AAS) with a model GTA-96 graphite tube atomizer with D2 background correction and a Hitachi Z-8100 AAS with Zeeman background correction. The sensitivity and detection limits for lead determination of Varian 30A were $0.46{\mu}g/L,\;0.34{\mu}g/L,\;and\;0.56{\mu}g/L,\;0.14{\mu}g/L$ of Hitachi Z-8100, respectively. Day to day variations in determination of blood lead concentration in a certain sample were $31.11{\pm}1.36{\mu}g/100ml$ by Varian 30A, and $33.08{\pm}0.82{\mu}g/100ml$ by Hitachi Z-8100, showing the difference of 3% between the two results. At the blood lead concentrations of $56.31{\pm}1.98{\mu}g/100ml(A),\;40.89{\pm}0.80{\mu}g/100ml(B),\;59.01{\pm}1.38{\mu}g/100ml(C)$, the precisions of replicated measurements by AAS were 3.52%, 1.96%, and 2.34%, respectively. Coefficient variation(CV) of SRMs(A, B, and C) within a standard sample were ranged from 0.92% to 7.50%, and those between 5 standard samples were 1.21%, 2.64%, and 1.11%, respectively, showing inter-vial variation of $1{\mu}g/100ml$. Lead levels in SRMs during one month storage were unchanged. The overall recoveries were $89.6\sim100.4%,\;91.6\sim101.9%,\;90.3\sim100.0%$ for A, B, and C SRMs, means were $56.46{\pm}2.69{\mu}g/100ml,\;39.35{\pm}1.89{\mu}g/100ml,\;57.40{\pm}2.31{\mu}g/100ml$, and measurement ranges were$52.88{\pm}59.26{\mu}g/100ml,\;37.47{\pm}41.68{\mu}g/100ml,\;54.80{\pm}60.69{\mu}g/100ml$, respectively. Those results were laid within confidence limits values. The lead concentrations in the mixed sample(D1) stored over one month period were ranged from $32.76{\mu}g/100ml\;to\;33.54{\mu}g/100ml$, with CV ranging from 1.2% to 2.7%. The results were similiar to each of single samples(A1, B1, and C1) in respect of homogeneity and stability. Results of the mixed blood sample analysed after 1 month storage at $4^{\circ}C$ by four other laboratories(L1, L2, L3, L4) were similar with those of our laboratory($L5;31.18{\pm}0.24{\mu}g/100ml$, acceptable range by $CDC;25.18\sim37.18{\mu}g/100ml$), showing the concentrations of $25.91{\pm}1.19{\mu}g/100ml(L1),\;34.16{\pm}0.22{\mu}g/100ml(L2),\;35.68{\pm}0.85{\mu}g/100ml(L3),\;30.95{\pm}0.46{\mu}g/100ml(L4)$ in a each samples.

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Development of Ginseng yogurt fermented by Bifidobacterium spp (Bifidobacterium을 이용한 인삼 요구르트의 개발)

  • Kim, Na-Young;Han, Myung-Joo
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.575-584
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    • 2005
  • The objective of this study was to develop bioactive ginseng yogurt, fermented by B. minimum KK-1 and B. cholerium KK-2, which showed transforming activity of ginseng extract to compound K. Among older people, 3% ginseng yogurt fermented by B. minimum KK-1 and mixed with Bifidobacterium KK-1, KK-2 showed the highest overall acceptability(6.80, 6.80) among 1%(3.87, 3.67), 2%(4.40, 4.53) and 3% ginseng yogurt. The pH of ginseng yogurt was lower than that of plain yogurt. During 9 days of storage, the pH of each yogurt slightly decreased and then increased until 15 days of storage. The 3 8.25 log CFU/g and B. cholerium KK-2; 7.78 log CFU/g). Therefore, ginseng might be used as a growth factor during the fermentation of yogurt. The L value of ginseng yogurt decreased, and the a and b values increased, with increasing ginseng concentration.

Association of a c.1084A>G (p.Thr362Ala)Variant in the DCTN4 Gene with Wilson Disease

  • Lee, Robin Dong-Woo;Kim, Jae-Jung;Kim, Joo-Hyun;Lee, Jong-Keuk;Yoo, Han-Wook
    • Journal of Genetic Medicine
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.53-57
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder which causes excessive copper accumulation in the hepatic region. So far, ATP7B gene is the only disease-causing gene of Wilson disease known to date. However, ATP7B mutations have not been found in ~15% of the patients. This study was performed to identify any causative gene in Wilson disease patients without an ATP7B mutation in either allele. Materials and Methods: The sequence of the coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of the five ATP7B-interacting genes, ATOX1, COMMD1, GLRX, DCTN4, and ZBTB16, were analyzed in the 12 patients with Wilson disease. Results: Three nonsynonymous variants including c.1084A>G (p.Thr362Ala) in the exon 12 of the DCTN4 gene were identified in the patients examined. Among these, only p.Thr362Ala was predicted as possibly damaging protein function by in silico analysis. Examination of allele frequency of c.1084A>G (p.Thr362Ala) variant in the 176 patients with Wilson disease and in the 414 normal subjects revealed that the variant was more prevalent in the Wilson disease patients (odds ratio [OR]=3.14, 95% confidence interval=1.36-7.22, P=0.0094). Conclusion: Our result suggests that c.1084A>G (p.Thr362Ala) in the ATP7B-interacting DCTN4 gene may be associated with the pathogenesis of Wilson disease.

Stuy on the Composition of Pleurotus ferulae Fruit Body (아위버섯의 성분에 관한 연구)

  • 차월석;이희덕;김종수
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.205-208
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    • 2004
  • The composition of Pleurotus ferulae fruit body (PFF) has been investigated to determine the possible use for medicinal and edible purposes. The nutritional compositions of PFF were as follows; carbohydrate 54.3 g%, crude protein 20.2 g%, moisture 12.5 g%, crude fat 8.0 g% and ash 5.0 g% (w/w). Potassium concentration in PFF was high up to 2,337.0 mg% (w/w) and Mg, Na, Zn, Ca and Fe were followed. There were seventeen amino acids in PFF. The glutamic acid content was high up to 13.65% mol and aspartic acid, glysine, alanine, leucine, arginine, valine and lysine were followed. Since PFF contains major free amino acids such as alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and leucine, it will be a favorable food stuff, Vitamin contents of PFF were vitamin A 0.12, vitamin B$_1$ 0.31, vitamin B$_2$ 0.68, vitamin C 7.99, vitamin E 316.88 and vitamin D$_3$ 0.29 mg%. PFF will have a good anti-aging effect due to the high content of vitamin C and E.

Exfoliation of abalone, Haliotis discus hannai by commercial exfoliating reagents (시판 전복박리제의 박리 효과)

  • Kim, Wi-Sik;Kang, Min-Ho;Kim, Jong-Oh;Lee, Si-Woo;Kim, Jung;Hwang, Doo-Jin;Oh, Myung-Joo
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.117-121
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    • 2013
  • Three commercial exfoliating reagents, product A (main components: citric acid and vitamin C), B (herb) and C (nicotinamide), were used to study their exfoliation effect on abalone, Haliotis discus hannai from the substrate. The exfoliating reagents A, B, C and oxytetracycline (OTC, control) of 6-31.25 g/L and 12-37.5 g/L exfoliated 81.2-84.8% and 90.3-95% of abalone, respectively. Post-treatment recovery time for the abalone was similar for all the reagents except product C. Recovery period for the abalone immersed in OTC for 5-20 second was slightly shorter than the reagents A, B and C; however, no mortality was observed in any group except with the reagents B (concentration: 20 g/L, immersion time: 5 sec) and C (12 g/L, 10 and 20 sec) that showed negligible mortality of 3.3%. Higher concentration and longer treatment with the reagents resulted in longer recovery time of the detached abalone. Although abalone exposed to the reagents needs slightly longer time to recover than that to OTC, the exfoliation effect is much similar. These results indicate that the commercial exfoliating reagents can replace OTC to detach abalone, though they need to be cautiously handled.