• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.459-464
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• 2011

In this study, the canadian peat moss extract was purified by a supercritical ₂ using three different conditions and assessed its biological activities. Peat moss was extracted by acid-alkaline extraction method (sample 1) and purified by a supercritical $CO_2$ at $40^{\circ}C$ under pressure of 100 bar (sample 2), 120 bar (sample 3) or 150 bar (sample 4). We evaluated the antioxidant activities of the samples by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging, $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbate (FTC) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. The antioxidant activities were examined by comparing the results with that of ascorbic acid as a positive control. Sample 3 showed relatively higher DPPH radical-scavenging activities than other samples. The antioxidant activity by FIC method exhibited similar results as the DPPH radical-scavenging activities. On the other hand, sample 2 showed higher antioxidant activity measured by TBA method of all. The whitening effects of the samples were examined using mushroom tyrosinase and B16F10 melanoma cells. Sample 3 exhibited overall significant whitening effects, however, other samples showed relatively lower effects. These results suggest that the peat moss extract purified by a supercritical ₂ could be used as a cosmetic ingredient for the anti-aging and whitening effects.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2016

본 연구는 배의 품종별 생육 단계에 따른 추출물의 총 페놀, 플라보노이드 함량 및 항산화 활성을 확인함과 동시에 세포 독성 및 멜라닌 생합성 억제능을 비교 평가하여 미백 소재로써의 사용 가능성을 평가하고자 국내 육성한 4가지 신품종과 신고 품종을 이용하여 비교 분석하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 생육초기에 가장 높았으나 과일이 성숙할수록 낮아졌으며, 품종간에는 생육시기와 관계없이 추황배에서 높게 나타났다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 총 폴리페놀보다 적은 함량으로 5품종 모두 생육시기별로 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 알부틴은 총 폴리페놀 함량과 같이 과일이 성숙할수록 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 DPPH, ABTS 라디칼 소거활성을 분석한 항산화 활성도 감소의 폭은 달랐지만 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 높은 항산화 활성은 멜라닌 생합성 억제에도 효과적으로 작용하여 만개 후 90일까지는 감천배를 제외한 4품종에서 50% 내외의 높은 억제 활성을 보여, 이 시기까지의 배 과일 추출물은 우수한 미백활성을 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. 뿐만 아니라 세포독성이 극히 낮아 피부 안정성이 높은 기능성 천연 원료 및 미백 향장소재로써 이용 가능성이 충분한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.592-599
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• 2019

This study is to stabilize insoluble and unstable active ingredient which is Idebenone (INCI name: hydroxydecyl ubiquinone) in a multi-lamellar vesicle (MLV) and to stabilize it in the skin care cosmetics. Idebenone is good effective raw material in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in the medical field and a powerful antioxidant in dermatology. It is well known as a substance that inhibits the formation of melanin and cleans the skin pigment. However, it did not dissolve in any solvent and it was difficult to apply in cosmetic applications. Niosome vesicle was able to develop a nano-particle by making a multi-layer of idebenone encapsulated with a nonionic surfactant, hydrogenated lecithin and glycine soja (soybean) sterols and passing it through a high pressure microfluidizer. Idebenone niosome vesicle (INV) has been developed to have the ability to dissolve transparently in water and to promote transdermal penetration. The appearance of the INV was a yellowish liquid having specific odor, and the particle size distribution of INV was about 10~80 nm. The pH was 5~8 (mean=6.8). This capsulation with idebenone was stored in a $45^{\circ}C$ incubator for 3 months and its stability was observed and quantitatively measured by HPLC. As a result, the stability of the sample encapsulated in the niosome vesicle (97.5%) was about 66.3% higher than that of the non-capsule sample of 32.5%. Idebenone 1% INV was used for the efficacy test and clinical trial evaluation as follows. The anti-oxidative activity of INV was 38.2%, which was superior to that of 12.8% tocopherol (control). The melanin-reducing effect of B16 melanoma cells was better than INV (17.4%) and Albutin (control) (9.6%). Pro-collagen synthesis rate was 128.2% for INV and 89.3% for tocopherol (control). The skin moisturizing effect was 15.5% better than the placebo sample. The elasticity effect was 9.7% better than the placebo sample. As an application field, INV containing 1% of idebenone is expected to be able to develop various functional cosmetic formulations such as skin toner, ampoule essence, cream, eye cream and sunblock cream. In addition, it is expected that this encapsulated material will be widely applicable to emulsifying agents for skin use in the pharmaceutical industry as well as the cosmetics industry.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2021

본 연구는 참당귀 가공 시에 버려지는 부산물인 세미를 기능성 화장품 원료로 활용가능성이 있는지 평가하기 위해 수행하였다. MTS assay 수행결과 70% 주정을 이용한 뿌리 부위별 추출물의 경우 처리농도 25 ~ 200 ㎍/mL까지 세포독성이 없었다. 추출물 200 ㎍/mL를 처리하였을 때의 melanin 생성 억제효과는 추출 부위별로 12% ~ 19%로 나타났으며, 세미와 약재의 melanin 생성 억제효과가 비슷하게 나타났다. 그리고 DPPH radical 소거능이 50%에 달하는 IC50 값은 세미 677.9 ± 30.5 ㎍/mL, 약재 728.0 ± 42.4 ㎍/mL로 나타났고, ABTS radical 소거능이 50%에 달하는 IC50 값은 세미 114.9 ± 0.1 ㎍/mL, 약재 173.6 ± 1.3 ㎍/mL으로 나타나 세미가 약재보다 항산화활성이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 본 실험결과를 고려해 봤을 때, 부산물인 세미는 기능성 화장품 원료로 이용 가능성이 높은 것으로 생각된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.889-896
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• 2012

멜라닌 생합성은 tyrosinase의 효소적 산화반응에 의해 일어난다. 톳(Hizikia fusiformis)의 미백효과를 검증하기 위하여 메탄올, 헥산, 부탄올 및 물을 용매로 이용한 분획과정을 통해 톳 에탄올 추출물로부터 분획물을 제조하였다. 에탄올 추출물과 분획물들을 대상으로 B16F10 흑색종 세포에서 tyrosinase 활성 저해효과 및 멜라닌 생합성 억제효과를 평가하였다. 생쥐의 에탄올 추출물 및 수층 분획물은 미백효과를 나타냈지만, 세포독성은 나타내지 않았다. 에탄올 추출물은 시료들 중에서 가장 높은 미백활성을 보였다. 에탄올 추출물은 $100{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 arbutin $10{\mu}g/ml$의 활성보다 높은 저해활성을 보였으나, kojic acid $10{\mu}g/ml$의 활성보다는 낮은 저해활성을 보였다. 또한, 메탄올, 헥산, 부탄올 및 수층 분획물은 $100{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 arbutin $10{\mu}g/ml$의 활성과 유사한 저해활성을 보였다. 항산화 활성은 L-ascorbic acid를 양성 대조군으로 하여 수치를 비교하여 나타냈다. 에탄올 추출물 및 수층 분획물의 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성은 다른 시료들보다 비교적 높게 나타났다. 또한, 에탄올 추출물및 수층 분획물은 $500{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 LPS에 의해 유도된 iNOS 발현을 각각 82와 80% 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과들로 톳의 에탄올 추출물과 수층 분획물은 미백효과 및 피부 보호효과를 가지는 화장품 소재로 이용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.371-379
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 한약재로 사용되고 있는 산초 과피 추출물의 기능성 소재로서의 활용 가능성을 알아보기 위해 산초 추출물 및 분획물이 보유한 항산화, 미백 및 항염증 활성을 in vitro assay system 및 cell culture model system을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 산초 MeOH, EtOH, 열수 추출물 모두 강한 DPPH radical 소거 활성 및 tyrosinase 효소 활성 저해를 통한 DOPA 산화 억제능을 보였다. B16F10 mouse melanoma cell을 이용하여 ${\alpha}$-MSH에 의해 유도된 세포 내 melanin 생성에 미치는 산초 추출물의 영향을 알아본 결과 농도의존적인 melanin 생성 억제능을 보였고 세포의 tyrosinase 활성 저해능 또한 이와 일치하는 결과를 보여 산초 추출물에 의한 melanin 생성 억제능이 tyrosinase 효소 활성 억제 및 melanogenesis 관련 단백질 발현 저해에서 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 또한 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell을 이용하여 산초 추출물의 항염증 활성을 분석한 결과 농도의존적인 NO 생성 저해능을 보였으며 이는 NO 생성 단백질인 iNOS의 발현 저해에서 기인함을 단백질 발현 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 산초 추출물에 존재하는 활성물질을 규명하기 위해 용매 분획을 실시한 후 각 분획물의 미백 및 항염증 활성을 비교 분석한 결과 물 층을 제외한 모든 용매 분획이 활성을 보유함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 산초 추출물이 높은 항산화능과 미백활성, 그리고 항염증 활성을 보유함을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이러한 결과는 미백활성을 비롯한 생리활성 보유 천연물 소재 탐구의 기초자료로 유용하게 쓰일 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2007년도 Proceedings of The Convention
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• pp.79-92
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• 2007

Oxidative stress have known to be a risk factor for the degenerative processes and closely related to a lot of diseases. It is well established that antioxidants are good in protection and therapeutic means against oxidative damage. There is increasing interest in natural antioxidants and many natural antioxidants have been found and utilized as the possible protection for various diseases and skin aging. We have screened natural antioxidant agents for cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals, and drugs as therapeutic and preventive means against oxidative stress, and have developed a number of novel antioxidants from various natural sources. A novel melanin synthesis inhibitor, Melanocin A, isolated from the metabolite of a fungal strain Eupenicillium shearii F80695 inhibited mushroom tyrosinase and melanin biosynthesis of B16 melanoma cells with $IC_{50}$ value of 9.0 nM and MIC value of $0.9\;{\mu}M$, respectively. Melanocin A also exhibited potent antioxidant activity by scavenging of DPPH and superoxide anion radicals. UV was found to increase the level of hydrogen peroxides and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skin tissues. This increase in ROS may not only alter the structure and function of many genes and proteins directly but may also modulate their expressions through signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, lead to skin damage. We investigated the effect of Melanocin A on UV-induced premature skin aging. Firstly, the effect of Melanocin A on UV-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in an immortalized human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT in vitro was investigated. Acute UV irradiation induced MMP-9 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and Melanocin A suppressed this expression in a dose-dependent manner. We then investigated UV-induced skin changes in hairless mice in vivo by Melanocin A. Chronic exposure of hairless mouse dorsal skin to UV increased skin thickness and induced wrinkle formation and the gelatinase activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Moreover, Melanocin A significantly suppressed UV-induced morphologic skin changes and MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. These results show that Melanocin A can prevent the harmful effects of UV that lead to skin aging. Therefore, we suggest that Melanocin A should be viewed as a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and/or treating premature skin aging. Terrein is a bioactive fungal metabolite isolated from Penicillium species. Terrein has a relatively simple structure and can be easily synthesized. However, the biologic effects of terrein are comparatively unknown. We found for the first time that terrein potently inhibit melanin production in melanocytes and has a strong hypopigmentary effect in a spontaneously immortalized mouse melanocyte cell line, Mel-Ab. Treatment of Mel-Ab cells with terrein (10-100 mM) for 4 days significantly reduced melanin levels in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, terrein at the same concentration also reduced tyrosinase activity. We then investigated whether terrein influences the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway and the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), which is required for tyrosinase expression. Terrein was found to induce sustained ERK activation and MITF down-regulation, and luciferase assays showed that terrein inhibits MITF promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. To elucidate the correlation between ERK pathway activation and a decreased MITF transcriptional level, PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the ERK pathway, was applied before terrain treatment and found to abrogate the terrein-induced MITF attenuation. Terrein also reduced the tyrosinase protein level for at least 72 h. These results suggest that terrain reduces melanin synthesis by reducing tyrosinase production via ERK activation, and that this is followed by MITF down-regulation.