• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.303-312
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• 2019

Oxidative stress in kidneys can precede the development of chronic renal injury. We investigated the antioxidative effect of membrane-free stem cell extract (MFSCE) from adipose tissue in LLC-$PK_1$ renal proximal tubule cells. Treatment of LLC-$PK_1$ cells with MFSCE showed the up-regulation of heme-oxygenase-1, thioredoxin reductase 1, and NADPH quinine oxidoreductase-1 protein expressions, which are proteins related with antioxidative activities. When oxidative stress was induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), cell viability was decreased, indicating that LLC-$PK_1$ cells were damaged by SIN-1. However, MFSCE significantly elevated cell viability from 58.84% to 64.43% at the concentration of $2.5{\mu}g/mL$ in oxidative stress-induced LLC-$PK_1$ cells. Furthermore, MFSCE ameliorated inflammation and apoptosis in SIN-1-treated LLC-$PK_1$ cells by modulating protein expressions. Inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 protein expressions were down-regulated when LLC-$PK_1$ cells were treated with MFSCE. Apoptosis-related proteins, including B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma-2 ratio, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, were also down-regulated. It indicated that MFSCE protected apoptosis against oxidative stress in LLC-$PK_1$ cells. Taken together, these results suggested that MFSCE had a protective effect against SIN-1-induced oxidative stress in LLC-$PK_1$ cells. Therefore, MFSCE could be a promising therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-induced renal injury.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2003

Background: CD30 is a member of TNF receptor family and expressed on lymphocytes and other hematopoietic cells following activation as well as Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma. In this study, CD30-mediated regulation of cell adhesion molecule expression on normal activated mouse T cells was investigated. Methods: Mouse T cells were activated with anti-CD3 antibody for induction of CD30, which was cross-linked by immobilized anti-CD30 antibody. Results: High level of CD30 expression on T cells was observed on day 5, but only little on day 3 even under culture condition resulting in an identical T cell proliferation, indicating that CD30 expression requires a prolonged stimulation up to 5 days. Cross-linking of CD30 alone altered neither proliferation nor apoptosis of normal activated T cells. Instead, CD30 appeared to promote cell adherence to culture substrate, and considerably upregulated ICAM-1 and, to a lesser extent, ICAM-2 expression on activated T cells, whereas CD2 and CD18 (LFA-1) expression was not affected. None of cytokines known as main regulators of ICAM-1 expression on tissue cells (IL 4, $IFN{\gamma}$ and $IFN{\alpha}$) enhanced ICAM-1 expression in the absence of CD30 signals. On the other hand, addition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ inhibitor, PDTC (0.1 mM) completely abrogated the CD30-mediated upregulation of ICAM-1 expression, but not CD2 and ICAM-2 expression. Conclusion: This results support that CD30 upregulates ICAM-1 expression of T cell and such regulation is not mediated by higher cytokine production but $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Therefore, CD30 may play important roles in T-T or T-B cell interaction through regulation of ICAM-1, and -2 expression.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1001-1007
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• 1996

반복되는 흉막염 및 폐렴을 주소로 내원한 30세 남자환자에서 경기관지 폐생검과 흉수내 림프구에 대한 유세포 분석 및 T세포 수용체 유전자 재배열 분석을 실시하였다. 경기관지 폐생검 조직의 연역조직화학 염색상 대부분의 림프구가 T세포 표식자인 UCHLl 에 대해 강하게 염색되었고, B세포 표식자인 L26에 대해서는 거의 염색되지 않았다. 흉수에서 추출한 림프구의 유세포 분석상 CD3양성 CD2양성인 T림프구가 대부분이었고, 이들 림프구에 대해 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용한 T세포 수용체 유전자 재배열 분석을 하였더니 $TCR{\gamma}$ 유전자 재배열과 클론성을 관찰할 수 있었다. T세포 원발성 폐림프종으로 진단하였고, 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.395-399
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• 2001

Primary spinal epidural lymphoma(SEL), i.e. occurring in the absence of any detectable extraspinal lymphoproliferative disorder, is an unusual cause of spinal cord compression. The authors report a 48-year-old, diabetic woman presented with back pain followed by acute paraparesis and voiding difficulty. She had been treated with acupunctures on her back before admission, and complete blood count showed leukocytosis with neutrophilia and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR). Thoracic spine magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) revealed an epidural mass extending from T5 to T8 with compression of the spinal cord. Emergency decompressive laminectomy was performed with a tentative diagnosis of spinal epidural abscess, but a B-cell lymphoma was final pathologic diagnosis. Further staging showed no other sites of lymphoma, and the spinal lesion was treated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The authors stress that primary SEL can mimic spinal epidural abscess(SEA) in the diabetic patient and should be a diagnostic consideration in patients with a syndrome of acute spinal cord compression manifested by a prodrome of back pain and neuroimaging consistent with an epidural compressive lesion, especially in a diabetic.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.110-122
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• 2022

The reduction of milk yield caused by heat stress in summer is the main condition restricting the economic benefits of dairy farms. To examine the impact of hyperthermia on bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cells, we incubated the MAC-T cells at thermal-neutral (37℃, CON group) and hyperthermic (42℃, HS group) temperatures for 6 h. Subsequently, the cell viability and apoptotic rate of MAC-T cells, apoptosis-related genes expression, casein and amino acid transporter genes, and the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins were examined. Compared with the CON group, hyperthermia significantly decreased the cell viability (p < 0.05) and elevated the apoptotic rate (p < 0.05) of MAC-T cells. Moreover, the expression of heat shock protein (HSP)70, HSP90B1, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 genes was upregulated (p < 0.05). The expression of HSP70 and BAX (pro-apoptotic) proteins was upregulated (p < 0.05) while that of B-cell lymphoma (BCL)2 (antiapoptotic) protein was downregulated (p < 0.05) by hyperthermia. Decreased mRNA expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway-related genes, amino acid transporter genes (SLC7A5, SLC38A3, SLC38A2, and SLC38A9), and casein genes (CSNS1, CSN2, and CSN3) was found in the heat stress (HS) group (p < 0.05) in contrast with the CON group. These findings illustrated that hyperthermia promoted cell apoptosis and reduced the transport of amino acids into cells, which inhibited the milk proteins synthesis in MAC-T cells.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2007

Hesperidin, known as a flavonoid constituent of citrus, has been known to reduce the proliferation of several cancer cells. We investigated whether hesperidin-induced cell death on SNU-668, human gastric cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of hesperidin on SNU-668 cells was determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at the concentration of 1, 10, 50, and 100 ${\mu}M$. Cell viability by hesperidin was 53.18$\pm$2.85% of control value at 100 ${\mu}M$. The cell death by hesperidin showed apoptotic features, which were confirmed using a combination of 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. In the apoptosis-regulating genes, treatment of hesperidin decreased mRNA expression of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2), whereas expression of BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) was increased. The mRNA expression and the activity of caspase3 (CASP3), a major apoptotic factor, was significantly increased by hesperidin treatment. These results suggest that hesperidin could induce apoptosis through CASP3 activation on SNU-668, human gastric cancer cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3909-3919
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• 2013

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of A ferruginea extract on Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) induced tumours in BALB/c mice. Experimental animals received A ferruginea extract (10 mg/kg.b.wt) intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days after DLA tumor challenge. Treatment with extract significantly increased the life span, total white blood cell (WBC) count and haemoglobin (Hb) content and decreased the level of serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (${\gamma}$-GT) and nitric oxide (NO) in DLA bearing ascites tumor models. In addition, administration of extract significantly decreased the tumour volume and body weight in a DLA bearing solid tumor model. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-1 beta (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte monocyte-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), as well as pro-angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were elevated in solid tumour controls, but significantly reduced by A ferruginea administration. On the other hand, the extract stimulated the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) in animals with DLA induced solid tumours. Increase in $CD4^+$ T-cell population suggested strong immunostimulant activity for this extract. GC/MS and LC/MS analysis showed quinone, quinoline, imidazolidine, pyrrolidine, cyclopentenone, thiazole, pyrazole, catechin and coumarin derivatives as major compounds present in the A ferruginea methanolic extract. Thus, the outcome of the present study suggests that A ferruginea extract has immunomodulatory and tumor inhibitory activities and has the potential to be developed as a natural anticancer agent.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2016

Taxol (paclitaxel) is a powerful anti-cancer drug widely used against several types of malignant tumors. Because Taxol may exert several side effects, a variety of formulations have been developed. One of these features liposomes, regarded as one of the most promising drug carriers, biocompatible and best able to reduce drug toxicity without changing efficacy against tumor cells. Eruca sativa seed extract (SE) is considered a promising natural product from cruciferous vegetables against breast cancer, increasing chemotherapeutic and eliminating harmful side effects. The effects of Taxol-encapsulated liposomes (T) alone and in combination between Eruca sativa seed extract on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) gene expression levels were investigated in rat mammary gland carcinogenesis induced by 7,12 dimethylbenz(${\alpha}$) anthracene (DMBA) using qRT-PCR. The results showed that DMBA increased NF-${\kappa}B$, COX-2 and Bcl-2 gene expression levels and lipid peroxidation (LP), while decreasing glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and total antioxidant concentration (TAC) compared to the control group. T and T-SE treatment reduced NF-${\kappa}B$, COX-2 and Bcl-2 gene expression levels and LP. Hence, T and T-SE treatment appeared to reduce inflammation and cell proliferation, while increasing apoptosis, GST and SOD activities and TAC.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2002

Purpose : Tumor growth in a given neoplasm is the net result of cell proliferation and cell loss, and apoptosis is the most significant component of continuous cell loss in most tumors. In this study, we examined non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, n=67) immunohistochemically for the presence of Bcl-2 oncoprotein and P53 protein and compared apoptotic indices (Als) and Ki-67 proliferative indices (percentages of Ki-67 positive cells). Materials and Methods : 67 patients with NHL were evaluated : 3 low-grade and 64 intermediate-grade. The phenotype was determined in 65 cases : 47 $(70\%)$ were B cell type and 18 $(27\%)$ were T ceil type. Als and Ki-67 proliferative indices were determined immunohistochemically and the overexpression of P53 and Bcl-2 protein were also evalutated. Results : The overexpressions of Bcl-2 protein and P53 protein were found in $40\%$ (26/65) and $31\%$ (20/65). The Al ranged from $0\%\;to\;15\%$ (mean 2.16, median 1.2). Cellular Bcl-2, which counteracts apoptosis, was significantly (p=0.005) associated with Als. Ki-67 proliferative indices ranged from $1\%\;to\;91\%$ (mean 55.4), and P53 was significantly (p=0.000) associated with Ki-67 proliferative indices. A positive correlation between Als and Ki-67 proliferative indices was revealed (p=0.012) in Bcl-2 positive patients. Conclusion : In NHL, we observed a correlation between Als and Bcl-2 expression, between Ki-67 proliferative indices and P53 expression, and between Als and Ki-67 proliferative indices in Bcl-2 positive patients. Our results suggest that cell apoptosis may be inseparable from cell proliferation during tumor growth.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effectiveness of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with Samchilchoongcho-Jung (HAD-B1) in conjunction with Alectinib. Methods: The patient was diagnosed with Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutated (2+) non-small cell lung cancer adenocarcinoma stage IV, suffering from edema of lower extremities, dyspnea, pleural effusion, general weakness, insomnia. The patient being treated with Alectinib was treated with Samchilchoongcho-Jung (HAD-B1) for disease control and symptom management. The clinical outcomes were measured by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (NCI-CTCAE), Numeral rating scale (NRS) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Results: After treatment, dyspnea and edema of lower extremities was relieved from NRS 7 to 5, and 6 to 1 respectively. And ECOG score of the patient was improved from grade 3 to 2. During and after treatment, we didn't find any severe toxicities on laboratory findings. Conclusion: This case study suggests that Samchilchoongcho-Jung (HAD-B1) may improve symptom relief and life quality of NSCLC patient in conjunction with Alectinib.