• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.137-151
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• 2012

This study aims to use the avatar sizing system of the 3D apparel CAD program instead of the existing 3D body scanners, and to commercialize 3D personal avatars. Towards these ends, the study examined a difference between a 3D avatar and actual body was determined to verify the 3D avatar sizing system. For the experiment, three subjects were selected, were measured as they were, and were made to undergo 3D body scanning and photographing. Then, using avatar sizing system on the 3D apparel CAD program, three types of virtual bodies, namely 3D avatars. The 3D avatar and actual body measurements were compared, and 3D avatars and 3D body-scanned shapes were likewise compared. As a result, the three types of actual bodies and their 3D avatars that were created based on the sizing system of the 3D apparel CAD program were overall similar. but, the thin body-YY type and the normal body-A type were different from their avatars. In the case of type B, who had a bulging abdomen, the 3D avatar was bigger than the actual body as measured. Also, in all body shapes, the girths around the chest, waist and abdomen were produced with exaggerated muscular amounts compared to their actual muscular amounts.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.543-547
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• 2007

This is a study of ischemic stroke patients designed for comparison Korean-Western treatments and Korean medical treatments alone. 91 patients were diagnosed by B-MRI scan as having suffered ischemic stroke. They had entered Dong-eui Korean Medicine hospital within seven days of attack, and remained over seven days, all between May 2005 and March 2006. Patients were divided into two groups; a group treated with Korean medical treatments, and other group treated with Korean-Western medical treatments(but examinations were done and medications were given in hypertension, diabetes mellitus and so no) The Korean medical treatment group showed significant changes in NIHss after 1month. The Korean medical treatment group had insignificant improvement that measure for NIHss by treated Korean-Western medical treatment group after 1week. The Korean medical treatment group had significant improvement that measure for NIHss by treated Korean-Western medical treatment group after 1month.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.9B
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• pp.914-922
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a matrix based real-time pattern matching method, called MDPI, for real-time intrusion detection on several Gbps network traffic. Particularly, in order to minimize a kind of overhead caused by buffering, reordering, and reassembling under the circumstance where the incoming packet sequence is disrupted, MDPI adopts independent partial matching in the case dealing with pattern matching matrix. Consequently, we achieved the performance improvement of the amount of 61% and 50% with respect to TCAM method efficiency through several experiments where the average length of the Snort rule set was maintained as 9 bytes, and w=4 bytes and w=8bytes were assigned, respectively, Moreover, we observed the pattern scan speed of MDPI was 10.941Gbps and the consumption of hardware resource was 5.79LC/Char in the pattern classification of MDPI. This means that MDPI provides the optimal performance compared to hardware complexity. Therefore, by decreasing the hardware cost came from the increased TCAM memory efficiency, MDPI is proven the cost effective high performance intrusion detection technique.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.304-311
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• 2015

Most follicles in the mammalian ovary undergo atresia. Granulosa cell apoptosis is a hallmark of follicle atresia. Our previous study using a microRNA (miRNA) microarray showed that the let-7 microRNA family was differentially expressed during follicular atresia. However, whether the let-7 miRNA family members are related to porcine (Sus scrofa) ovary follicular apoptosis is unclear. In the current study, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the expression levels of let-7 family members in follicles and granulosa cells were similar to our microarray data, in which miRNAs let-7a, let-7b, let-7c, and let-7i were significantly decreased in early atretic and progressively atretic porcine ovary follicles compared with healthy follicles, while let-7g was highly expressed during follicle atresia. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis and Hoechst33342 staining demonstrated that let-7g increased the apoptotic rate of cultured granulosa cells. In addition, let-7 target genes were predicted and annotated by TargetScan, PicTar, gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathways. Our data provide new insight into the association between the let-7 miRNA family in granulosa cell programmed death.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2006

We have successfully developed the KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) Solar Imaging Spectrograph (KSIS), which has been originally upgraded from the KASI solar spectrograph that was able to record solar spectra for a given slit region and to inspect the response function of narrow band filters. A prototype KSIS was developed in 2004 by using a scanning mirror in front of the spectrograph slit and a SBIG ST-8XE CCD camera. Its main disadvantage is that it took a long time (about 13 minutes) to scan a whole active region. In this work, we have upgraded the KSIS by installing a much faster Dalsa 1M15 CCD camera, which gives a data acquisition time of about 2.5 minutes. The software for KSIS was also improved for the new CCD camera on the basis of component-based development method. We have successfully made a test observation for a simple and small active region (AR10910) using the improved KSIS system. Our observations show that H-alpha images for several wavelengths have typical features in a sunspot as well as a H-alpha centerline image is quite similar to a BBSO H-alpha image, demonstrating the capability of the KSIS system.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.286-292
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• 2016

This study evaluates the change of computer tomography (CT) number in the case of the metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm, using the phantom. The images were obtained from dual CT using a gammex 467 tissue characterization phantom, which is similar to human tissues. The test method was performed by dividing pre and post MAR algorithm and measured CT values of nonmagnetic materials within the phantom. In addition, the changes of CT values for each material were compared and analyzed after measuring CT values up to 140 keV, using the spectral HU curve followed by CT scan. As a result, in the cases of N rod (trabecular bone) and E rod (trabecular bone), the CT numbers decreased as keV increasing but were constant above 90 keV. In the cases of I rod (dense bone) and K rod (dense bone), the CT numbers also decreased as keV increased but were uniform above 90 keV. The CT numbers from 40 keV to 140 keV were consistent in the cases of J rod (liver), D rod (liver), L rod (muscle), and F rod (muscle). For A rod (adipose), G rod (adipose), B rod (breast) and O rod (breast), the CT numbers increased as keV increased but were constant after 90 keV. The CT numbers from 40 keV to 140 keV were consistent in the cases of C rod (lung (exhale)), P rod (lung (exhale)), M rod (lung (inhale)) and H rod (lung (exhale)). Conclusively, because dual CT exhibits no changes in image quality and is able to analyze nonmagnetic materials by measuring the CT values of various materials, it will be used in the future as a useful tool for the diagnosis of lesions.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 2018

Many laboratory experiments on crack propagation under uniaxial loading and biaxial loading have been conducted in the past using transparent materials such as resin, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), etc. However, propagation behaviors of three-dimensional (3D) cracks in rock or rock-like materials under tri-axial loading are often considerably different. In this study, a series of true tri-axial loading tests on the rock-like material with two semi-ellipse pre-existing cracks were performed in laboratory to investigate the acoustic emission (AE) characteristics and propagation characteristics of 3D crack groups influenced by intermediate principal stress. Compared with previous experiments under uniaxial loading and biaxial loading, the tests under true tri-axial loading showed that shear cracks, anti-wing cracks and secondary cracks were the main failure mechanisms, and the initiation and propagation of tensile cracks were limited. Shear cracks propagated in the direction parallel to pre-existing crack plane. With the increase of intermediate principal stress, the critical stress of crack initiation increased gradually, and secondary shear cracks may no longer coalesce in the rock bridge. Crack aperture decreased with the increase of intermediate principal stress, and the failure is dominated by shear fracturing. There are two stages of fracture development: stable propagation stage and unstable failure stage. The AE events occurred in a zone parallel to pre-existing crack plane, and the AE zone increased gradually with the increase of intermediate principal stress, eventually forming obvious shear rupture planes. This shows that shear cracks initiated and propagated in the pre-existing crack direction, forming a shear rupture plane inside the specimens. The paths of fracturing inside the specimens were observed using the Computerized Tomography (CT) scanning and reconstruction.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.65-76
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• 2021

There is a possibility of cavities occurring inside and behind the lining of an aged tunnel structure. In most cases, it is not easy to check the cavity because it exists in a place where visual inspection is impossible. Recently, attempts have been made to evaluate the condition of the tunnel lining and the backfill materials using non-destructive tests such as Ground Penetrating Radar, and various related model tests and numerical analysis studies have been conducted. In this study, the GPR signal characteristics for tunnel lining model testing were analyzed using gprMax software, which was compared with model test results. The numerical model applied to the model test reasonably simulated the electromagnetic wave signal according to the change of the material such as tunnel lining and internal cavity. Using the verified GPR model, B-scan data for the development of the GPR signal analysis technique were obtained, which can evaluate the thickness of the tunnel lining, the presence of the cavity, the effect of the waterproof membrane, and the frequency band.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.572-579
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• 2019

Background: Panax ginseng has been used in traditional medicine to strengthen the body and mental well-being of humans for thousands of years. Many elite ginseng cultivars have been developed, and ginseng cultivation has become well established during the last century. However, heat stress poses an important threat to the growth and sustainable production of ginseng. Efforts have been made to study the effects of high temperature on ginseng physiology, but knowledge of the molecular responses to heat stress is still limited. Methods: We sequenced the transcriptomes (RNA-Seq) of two ginseng cultivars, Chunpoong (CP) and Yunpoong (YP), which are sensitive and resistant to heat stress, respectively, after 1- and 3-week heat treatments. Differential gene expression and gene ontology enrichment along with profiled chlorophyll contents were performed. Results: CP is more sensitive to heat stress than YP and exhibited a lower chlorophyll content than YP. Moreover, heat stress reduced the chlorophyll content more rapidly in CP than in YP. A total of 329 heat-responsive genes were identified. Intriguingly, genes encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins, WRKY transcription factors, and fatty acid desaturase were predominantly responsive during heat stress and appeared to regulate photosynthesis. In addition, a genome-wide scan of photosynthetic and sugar metabolic genes revealed reduced transcription levels for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase under heat stress, especially in CP, possibly attributable to elevated levels of soluble sugars. Conclusion: Our comprehensive genomic analysis reveals candidate loci/gene targets for breeding and functional studies related to developing high temperature-tolerant ginseng varieties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.79 no.6
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• pp.348-353
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• 2018

Hepatic pseudolymphoma is a rare benign liver mass that is characterized by proliferation of non-neoplastic lymphocytes extranodally. To the best of our knowledge, only 46 cases have been reported in the English literature. We described the case of a 75-year-old woman with hepatic pseudolymphoma mimicking a hypervascular tumor. After the histological confirmation of the rectal neuroendocrine tumor, CT scan revealed a 1.0 cm-sized, poorly-defined and low-density nodule in the liver. On MRI, the hepatic nodule showed an arterial enhancement and a low-signal intensity on the hepatobiliary phase. On diffusion-weighted imaging, the hepatic nodule showed a high signal intensity on a high b-value. On fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, it revealed a high standardized uptake value nodule. The US showed the hypoechoic nodule and the US-guided biopsy confirmed the hepatic pseudolymphoma.