• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.245-255
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• 1986

To investigate the Positive rate of anti HBs and HBs Ag positive rate of the each group of vaccinated hepatitis B type and not-vaccinated, male 4150 female 2475, from May 1, 1984 to November 30, 1985 in the Medical department of Dae han Kyoyuk ins. Co., We examined into the HBsAg and Anti HBs by using the RPHA method and PHA method and the results which were adjusted statistically were as follows. 1. HBs Ag positive rate was 9.0%(228/2531)in 1984 and 7.0%(287/4069) in 1985, the positive rate in 1985 represented 2% lower than in 1984. 2. Anti HBs positive rate was 43.3%(1096/2531) in 1984 and 42.8%(1744/4069) in 1985, there was no significant change for two years. 3. Anti HBs positive rate in the group of the not-vaccinated hepatitis B type was 39.2%(869/2215) in 1984 and 38.8%(1333/3432)in 1985. 4. Anti HBs positive rate in the group of the vaccinated hepatitis B type more than once was 64.7%(419/647)in male and 71.5%(219/306) in female that was 66.9%(638/953) in total. 5. Anti HBs positive rate in the group of the vaccinated hepatitis B type three times was 68.7%(270/393) in male and 80.0%(156/195) in female and 72.4% in total. In this conclusion; The formation of Anti HBs in female showed more or less higher than male. 6. The cases which were detected HBs Ag and anti HBs at the same time were 4 in male and 3 in female and in the group of the vaccinated hepatitis B type, the number of HBs Ag positive cases were 8 in male and 10 in female. (On condition that we didn't distinguish $5{\mu}g/ml$, hepatitis B type vaccine, from $20{\mu}g/ml$ and after vaccinating, the lapsed time was not settled.)

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.34-36
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• 1985

Korea is an endemic area of chronic hepatitis in the world. Liver cirrhosis and liver cell carcinoma, presumed to be related to such chronic hepatitis, are the major causes of death in this country. The purpose of this study is disclosing the sources of chronic hepatitis in Korea establishing its histologic characteristics, disclosing the patterns of progression in chronic hepatitis, delineating its prognosis and finally speculating its etiology. The study group was composed of 183 patients with biopsy-proven acute icteric viral hepaticis, 32 patients with biopsy- proven anicteric hepatitis and 260 patients with biopsy- proven chronic hepatitis. These patients submitted to long-term follow-up by means of liver needle biopsy and/or clinicolaboratory evaluation. The period of follow-up ranged from two months to 18 years. The histological features of the initial biopsy specimens of chronic hepatitis permitted a division of the cases cases into the following five types: Type I. Persisting portal hepatitis : so called persisting hepatitis 43 Type II. Chronic inactive hepatitis with incomplete strand septal fibrosis. This type has thin fibrotic septation in addition to Type I with portal sclerosis 38 Type III. Chronic active periportal hepatitis(CAPH) : so called aggressive hepatitis, characterized by marked piecemeal necrosis. This type has been subdivided further into three groups: AB and C on the basis of histologic features. A CAPH without cirrhosis 15 B CAPH with cirrhosis 99 C CAPH with diffuse acinus type parenchymal nodules; characterized by rosette-forming micronodules 21 Type IV. Subacute hepatic necrosis; characterized by multilobular and/or bridging necrosis. 14 Type V. Persisting lobular hepatitis; characterized by spotty necrosis, which looks very similar to acute viral hepatitis. Such histologic changes should be persisted for more than six months 30 In Korea the main source of chronic hepatitis is the anicteric type. Of the chronic hepatitis observed in the hospital, Type IIIb was the most frequent in its incidence and occasionally exhibited development of hepatocellular carcinoma, but the mortality was highest in Type IIIc during the period of follow-up. Histologic characteristics of these five types suggest a spectrum of chronic hepatitis in Korea from an early and mild stage to advanced and fatal cirrhosis, which is occasionally associated with primary hepatic cell carcinoma. It seems that Type IV can be followed by flare-up of various stages of acute and chronic hepatitis with HBsAg and that many cases of liver cirrhosis prevalent in Korea occur through such an active process of Type IV. The etiology is not established, but in Korea it is mainly related to HBsAg.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.106-115
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• 1997

Objective : To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety afforded by the HG-II$^{(R)}$ recombinant hepatitis B vaccine given to healthy neonates and children and to find the influence of preceding BCG vaccination on immunogenicity. Methods : Three doses of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine with a dose of $10{\mu}g$ were given at birth, 1 and 6 months of age. This study was conducted in three hospitals (Gyeongsang National University Hospital(Group A), Kangnam General Hospital(Group B) and Younsei University Hospital(Group C)) from April, 1995 to June, 1996. Group A and Group B received 2nd dose of hepatitis B vaccine at 1 week after and before BCG vaccine, respectively. Antibidy levels, at 1 month after the 3rd dose of hepatitis B vaccine were determined by a radioimmunoassay. Results : 1) One hundred four infants and ten children were enrolled : 55 infants and 43 infants received 2nd dose of hepatitis B vaccine at 1 week after( After BCG Group) and before BCG vaccine(Before BCG Group), respectively. 2) The seropositive rate was 99.1%, and geometric mean anti-HBs titer was 131.2mIU/ml. 3) The geometric mean titers were 105.5mIU/ml and 162.8mIU/ml in After BCG and Before BCG Group, respectively(p<0.025). 4) Among 359 episodes of vaccination, the occurrence of systemic and local side reaction were reported in 7.8% and 1.4%, respectively. Conclusion : Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine(HG-II$^{(R)}$))was highly immunogenic and safe. The significantly lower geometric mean antibody titer in the BCG preceding group was observed. Well-designed controlled study with the large number of sample size will be required to show the influence of preceding BCG vaccination.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.455-474
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that applied herbal medicine to treat viral hepatitis B and C in order to determine the therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicine. EMBASE, Pubmed, NDSL, KMBASE, KISS, KISTI, Koreamed, Koreantk, and Oasis databases were searched to identify RCTs. The selected studies were assessed by the Cochrane group's risk of bias tool. A total of 15 RCTs were selected, and the hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA reduction was significantly higher in patients treated with herbal medicine combined with Western medicine than in patients treated with herbal medicine. Herbal medicine combined with Western medicine was also superior to Western medicine alone in achieving hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) and alanine aminotransferase [ALT] reduction. Only herbal medicine alone was not superior to Western medicine treatments in achieving HBV DNA, HBeAg, and ALT reduction.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.191-203
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• 2022

Background: Direct-acting antivirals are recommended for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus in Korea. However, evaluation of direct-acting antiviral regimens in a real-world setting is limited. The aims of this study were to investigate the effectiveness and safety of direct-acting antiviral treatment in Korean patients infected with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1b or 2 at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted with patient data obtained between August 2015 and August 2019 at Jeonbuk National University Hospital. The primary effectiveness endpoint was sustained virological response 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12) via intention-to-treat (ITT) and modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analyses. Results: Of the 270 patients, 47.0% were infected with genotype 1b and 53.0% with genotype 2. ITT analysis revealed that SVR12 was achieved in 78.9% of all patients, 77.2% in genotype 1b patients, and 80.4% in genotype 2 patients. Of the 21.1% of all patients who did not achieve SVR12, the majority of treatment failures were non-virologic failures (19.7%). mITT analysis revealed that SVR12 was achieved in 98.2% of all patients, 98.0% in genotype 1b patients, and 98.3% in genotype 2 patients. Almost half of all patients experienced one or more adverse events (43.3%), leading to 2.6% discontinuing scheduled treatment. The most common adverse event was anemia. Conclusions: Direct-acting antiviral-based treatment regimens showed high effectiveness and safety. Non-virological factors, such as premature treatment discontinuation due to adverse events or loss of follow-up, were the major disruptors in achieving SVR12.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5515-5519
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• 2015

The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ss469415590 in the interferon lambda-4 (IFNL4) gene has recently been reported to have an association with treatment response in chronic hepatitis C. However, any importance of the SNP in association with response to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is unclear. We retrospectively analyzed data for Thai patients with CHB treated with PEG-IFN for 48 weeks. Virological response (VR) for HBeAg-positive CHB was defined as HBeAg seroconversion plus HBV DNA level <2,000 IU/mL at 24 weeks post-treatment. VR for HBeAg-negative CHB was defined as an HBV DNA level <2,000 IU/mL at 48 weeks. The SNP was identified by real time PCR using the TaqMan genotyping assay with MGB probes. A total 254 patients (107 HBeAg-positive and 147 HBeAg-negative) were enrolled in the study. The distribution of TT/TT, ${\Delta}G/TT$ and ${\Delta}G/{\Delta}G$ genotypes was 221 (87.0%), 32 (12.6%) and 1 (0.4%), respectively. Patients with non-TT/TT genotypes had significantly higher baseline HBV DNA levels than patients with the TT/TT genotype. In HBeAg-positive CHB, 41.2% of patients with TT/TT genotype versus 50.0% with non-TT/TT genotype achieved VR (P=0.593). In HBeAg-negative CHB, the corresponding figures were 40.3% and 43.5%, respectively (P=0.777). There was no significant correlation between the SNP genotypes and HBsAg clearance in both groups of patients. In summary, ss469415590 genotypes were not associated with response to PEG-IFN in Thai patients with HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative CHB.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.14-17
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• 2006

Infants who are born prematurely or with low birth weight should be immunized at the same postnatal chronologic age. They should receive BCG, DTaP, IPV vaccines according to the same recommended schedule as full term infants. Hepatitis B vaccine schedule is modified when hepatitis B vaccine is administered a infant with birth weight less than 2,000 g. The recommended standard dose of each vaccine should be administered. Proportion of children experiencing vaccine-related adverse events dose not differ between full-term and preterm infants. Immunization with routinely recommended childhood vaccines is safe for preterm and low birth weight infants.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 1983

It was attempted in the present study to determind the effect of Korean ginseng on acute viral(B type) hepatitis by double blind test clinically and the results were as follows. 1. The double blind test of 4 week period showed no statistical significance of the effect of ginseng on the disease. 2. The double blind test of 2 week period, however, showed a significant effect in such clinical symptoms as appetite, stomach ache, headache, chillness dizziness, nausea and vomitting, stool habit change and jaundice. Improvement of the blood serum level of transaminases, bilirubin. alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol Chillness feeding period was observed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.144-144
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• 2003

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.1165-1171
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• 2008

Purpose : This study aimed to identify the true extent of non-responsiveness in full-term infants born from HBsAg-negative or HBsAg-positive mothers and vaccinated against hepatitis B virus (HBV) at 0, 1, and 6 months of age and to evaluate the effect of revaccination among non-responders. Methods : The study included 716 full-term infants born in 2004-2007. Of 716, 662 infants (A group) were born to HBsAg-negative mothers and 54 infants (B group: 50, except HBsAg-positive infants) were born to HBsAg-positive mothers. All infants were administered DNA recombinant vaccines at 0, 1, and 6 months of age. B group infants received hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth. Anti-HBs titers were tested at 7-12 and 9-15 months in A and B groups, respectively. Three revaccination doses were administered to non-responders whose anti-HBs titers were under 10 mIU/ml; revaccinated infants were retested at 1-3 months after last vaccination. The association between HBeAg seropositivity of mother and the failure of HBV immunoprophylaxis was evaluated. Results : The seroconversion rates after primary hepatitis B vaccination were higher in A group (94.1%) than in B group (78%, P<0.001). The seroconversion rates were high in revaccinated infants (A group non-responders: 96.9%, B group non-responders: 87.5%). The failure of HBV immunoprophylaxis was significantly associated with maternal HBeAg seropositivity (P<0.001). Conclusion : The seroconversion rates after primary hepatitis B vaccination were low in B group infants. Revaccination of non-responders in B group was very effective. Therefore, anti-HBs testing and revaccination of B group is very important. Revaccination of non-responders in A group was also very effective. Thus, testing the immune status of infants born to HBsAg-negative mothers even after primary hepatitis B vaccination should be considered. However, to realize this, further studies on the cost-effectiveness of anti-HBs testing in healthy full-term infants are necessary.