• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.101-104
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• 1995

작약동아의 정아 및 액아의 기내배양에 의한 유묘의 증식에 필요한 배양조건을 구명코자 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 정아배양의 경우, 생장조절재의 조성에 무관하게 두지방종에서 100% 신초가 신장하였으나 생장은 의성지방종 은 NAA 0.1 mg/L 단용배지, 영천지방종은 NAA 0.01 mg/L 단용배지에서 가장 양호하였다. 액아배양의 경우, NAA 0.01 mg/L와 zeatin 5.0 mg/L 혼용배지에서 의성지방종은 100%, 영천지방종은 50%의 가장 높은 신초신장율을 보였고 신초의 생장도 양호한 경향이었다. 정아 및 액아배양으로부터 유도된 신초는 vermiculite를 지지물로 한 NAA 0.1 mg/L 첨가배지에서 30.0%의 발근율을 보였으나 뿌리의 생장은 양호하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2015

본 실험은 희귀 및 멸종위기 식물인 미선나무의 효과적인 증식을 위하여 줄기 증식, 생장 및 발근에 미치는 절편의 위치 효과 및 치상 방법의 효과를 구명하기 위해 실시되었다. 줄기유도는 BA를 처리한 액아절편 배양이 효과적이었으며 절편 당 2.4개의 줄기가 유도되었다. 정아 및 액아절편을 BA 1.0 mg/L를 전처리하여 수평과 수직으로 치상하였을 때 줄기유도는 액아 절편의 수직치상으로 절편 당 2.5개로 가장 좋았다. 반면 줄기의 생장, 발근 및 뿌리 발달은 정아절편의 수직치상에서 양호하였고 BA의 전처리 시간이 길어질수록 발근이 억제되는 경향을 보였다. 기내증식된 줄기의 정아 및 액아를 절편으로 기외에서 미세삽목(micro-cutting)을 실시하여정아절편에서 100% 발근되었고, 뿌리수는 개체 당 평균 6.2개로 가장 양호하였다. 미세삽목묘는 온실에서 95% 이상 순화되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 미선나무의 기내 증식은 액아를 절편으로 BA 처리 후 수직 치상하는 방법이 효과적이며, 줄기의 생장 및 발근은 정아를 절편으로 수직치상 하는 것이 효과적으로 나타났다. 또한 정아를 절편으로 미세삽목을 통해 효과적인 발근 유도 및 순화가 가능하여 미선나무의 실용적인 묘목생산이 가능함을 보여주었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2003

In order to develop an efficient micropropagation protocal for Eucalyptus pellita, on in vitro culture system has been was established by inducing axillary buds from greenhouse stock materials. Among 6different media tested, DKW medium was the best ot induce bast induce both shoot proliferation and growth. Average number of proliferated shoots of 403per explant was obtained at the concentration of 0.1mg/LBA. Most of the stem materials excreted phenolic compounds at the proximal part of the explant and caused darking of the media. Therefore, it was necessary to transfer frequently to a fresh medium and/or to add activated charcoal at the concentration of 0.02％(w/v). Generally on vitro roots were formed easily on 1/2DKW medium with NAA treatment. All the explants rooted at the medium containing 0.2mg/L NAA and displayed vigorous root growth in vitro culture conditions. After transferred to an artificial soil mixture (peatmoss: vermiculrite: perlite, 1:1:1, v/v/v) in the greenhouse, most rooted plantlets survived well without any morphological abnormalities. The results show that the species can be micropropagated effectively by the application of axillary bud culture system.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.15-15
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• 2019

The walnut (Juglans regia L.), a member of the Juglandaceae, is native to the mountain ranges of central Asia. This species of walnut is valued commercially for its nuts and in some areas for its timber. The seeds of walnut are recalcitrant and it has strong integument dormancy and their germination is irregular, making its natural propagation difficult. Low percentage of seed germination and long propagation cycle are the main problems of propagation. This study was conducted medium composition on in vitro plantlet regeneration from axillary buds of walnut. It has proved to be the most generally applicable and reliable method of in vitro propagation. Micropropagation culture that axillary buds are excised aseptically enables faster multiplication of plants. The axillary buds of walnut new cultivar "Sinlyeong" were cultured on two basal media which contained the different plant growth regulators depending on the respective shooting and rooting stage. After 12 weeks, the shoot generation rate was 85.3%, the shoot number and its length were 1.9/explant and 2.7 cm in the most favorable medium composition. The percentage of rooting was 25.4%. From these results, it was found the optimum basal medium and plant growth regulator for in vitro plant regeneration from axillary buds of walnut new cultivar "Sinlyeong". However, we have continued to search the other medium additives to enhance the rate of walnut root.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.173-176
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• 1994

작약절편을 접종하면 배지와 절편이 흑갈색으로 변하고 수 이로부터 배양이 죽기 시작하는데 배지성분 중에 이를 조장하는 물질이 있음을 발견하였다. 즉 변색의 주원인은 철분과 염화칼슘(Cacl$_2$)이었고, 절편을 괴사시키는데 가장 큰 영양을 미친 것은 NO$_3$었다. 이 결과를 토대로 피해가 비교적 적은 1/4 MS를 번식용 배지로 이용하여 식물체의 모든 부분을 배양하였을 때 조직으로부터 재생은 전혀 일어나지 않았다. 다만 줄기절편에서 이미 형성된 액아가 유식물체로 성장하기도 하였으나 건전한 것으로 계속 성장하지 못하였으며 이것을 다시 번식체로 이용할 때는 초기 배양의 절편에서 나타나는 현상과 같은 원인으로 인하여 생존하지 못하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 1984

우리나라에서 고구마 장려품종인 홍미와 신미를 액아배양시 explant의 크기 NAA, BA 및 kinetin의 농도가 기관분화와 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고저 본 실험을 실시하였으며 실험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 5mm되는 explant 배양이 2mm explant 배양보다 기관분화 및 생육이 좋았으며 홍미는 MS 배양에 NAA 0.1mg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$을 조합처리할 때 신미는 MS배지에 NAA 0.1mg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$을 조합처리할 때와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$, BA 0.1mg/$\ell$을 단독처리할 때 shoot의 분화가 좋았다. 2. 뿌리분화는 홍미와 신미가 비슷한 결과를 보였으며 NAA 0.lmg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$을 조합처이한 배지에서 뿌리수와 뿌리길이가 증가하였다. 3. BA의 농도가 증가함에 따라 비정상 식물체의 출현이 많았으며 한 개의 explant에서 여러개의 shoot의 길이가 짧았다. 4. 이차계대배양에서 shoot의 분화 및 생장은 NAA 0.1mg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$가 첨가된 배지에서 좋은 결과를 보였고 뿌리의 분화는 0.1 mg/$\ell$ BA에 첨가된 배지에서 가장 효과적이었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5731-5734
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• 2013

Background: The object of this study was to examine whether a new protocol including step-sectioning and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of axillary sentinel nodes (SN) would lead to detection of more metastases in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Sixty-nine tumor free sentinel lymph nodes were examined. Step frozen sectioning was performed on formalin fixed SN and stained both by hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and cytokeratin markers using IHC. Any tumoral cell in IHC stained slides were considered as a positive result. Metastases up to 0.2 mm were considered as isolated tumor cells and 0.2 up to 2 mm as micrometastasis. Results: Mean age of the patients was $48.7{\pm}12.2$ years. Step sectioning of the SN revealed 11 involved by metastasis which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Furthermore, 15 (21.7%) of the patients revealed positive results in IHC staining for pan-CK marker and this was also statistically significant (p=0.001). Ten patients had tumoral involvement in lymph nodes harvested from axillary dissection and 4 out of 15 lymph nodes with positive result for CK marker were isolated tumor cells. However, 4 of 10 patients with tumor positive lymph nodes in axillary dissection were negative for CK marker and in contrast 6 of the pan-CK positive SN were in patients with tumor-free axillary lymph nodes. Conclusions: Both IHC and step sectioning improve the detection rate of metastases. Considering the similar power of these two methods, we recommend using either IHC staining or step sectioning for better evaluation of harvested SNs.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.333-340
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• 2009

Developmental anomalies in the plumule meristem of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) somatic embryos resulted in poor shoot differentiation and reduced plant recovery. Existing meristems with caulogenic potential have never been tested for embryogenesis in peanut. The present experiment was designed to test the mature zygotic embryo axis derived plumule with three meristems for somatic embryogenesis. Embryogenic masses and embryos developed from the caulogenic meristems in the axils. Exposure of 2 weeks in primary medium with $90.5{\mu}M$ 2,4-D suppressed the shoot tip differentiation temporarily which then regained the ability to form the shoot on withdrawal of 2,4-D. Exposure of 4 weeks in primary medium with $90.5{\mu}M$ 2,4-D suppressed the shoot tip differentiation irreversibly. No shoot formation was noted from the tips in any of the cultures which were in secondary medium with $13.6{\mu}M$ 2,4-D. Development of somatic embryos directly from axillary meristems was confirmed histologically. Conversion frequency of these embryos was 11%. Thus, in this report, we describe a method to obtain somatic embryos from the determined organogenic buds of the axillary meristem, by culturing the nodal explant vertically on embryo induction medium. It also displays the possibility of obtaining both embryogenic and organogenic potential in two parts of the same explant simultaneously. The possibility of extending this approach for genetic transformation in in vivo system through direct DNA delivery or Agrobacterium injection in meristems can also be explored. Using Agrobacterium rhizogenes, we have demonstrated the possibility of gene transfer in the axillary meristems of seed-derived plumule explant.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2010

An efficient method for the rapid propagation of Smilax china from axillary buds was established. Plants with thick leafage were selected from Korea native S. china population. Axillary buds of S. china collected from selected plant and were cultured in various culture media (2MS, MS, 1/2MS, WPM, B5 and SH medium). Shoot was induced from axillary bud on MS basal medium after 4 weeks of culture. 1/2MS medium showed a higher growth rate than those of the others, while the lowest shoot growth was obtained in 2MS medium. Among the sucrose concentrations, 5% sucrose was the optimum level for shoots growth from axillay buds. Among cytokinins, $0.5mgL^{-1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) treatment showed the best performance on shoot multiplication, yielding average shoot multiplication forming about 2.4. Rooting was induced directly near the base of the shoot on 1/2MS medium containing with three-auxins ${\alpha}-napthalene$ acetic acid (NAA), indole acetic acid (IAA) and ${\beta}-indolebutyric$ acid (IBA) (0.5 and $1.0mgL^{-1}$). The $1.0mgL^{-1}$ IBA treatments induced earliest rooting with maximum of root number and root growth. These rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to pots for 4 weeks hardening process, and were transferred to soil with above 90% survival rate.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

This study was conducted to establish mass propagation system from the axillary bud culture of chrysanthemum zawadskii H. which was used as material of medicinal plants. Shoot egeneration was better on MS medium with NAA and BA. The optimum concentraions of growth regulator for shoot regeneration differed depending on accessionsof C. Zawadskii. Shoot regeneration in Keungucheolcho was better on MS Medium with NAA 0.01mg/1 and BA 0.1mg/1 while Hyangrobonggucheocho was better with NAA 0.1mg/1and BA 0.3mg/1. Addition of NAA into medium was effective for induction of root from shoots regenerated. Shoot multiplcation was more effective when 10mg/1 spermine was added into medium than when other polyamines were treated ino medium . Randomly and specifically amplified polymorphic DAC banding patterns based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were used to assess the genetic variation of plants regenerated from in vitro culture.