• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 1991

This Study was carried out to measure the noise and to evalulate the prevalence of the noise-induced hearing loss and the hypertension in metal manufacturing workers. To perform this sutdy 116 workers were tested their hearing level and hypertension. 1. In frequency analysis, the $C_5$-dip phenomenon occurred around 4000 Hz. 2. Noise intensity was correlated significantly with hearing loss at 500, 1,000, 8,000 Hz (p<0.01). 3. Average hearing loss value by 4-divided method was $32.91{\pm}5.60dB$. 4. Hearing loss steadily increased to the 10th year and steadily after that at 4000 Hz. 5. The prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss of 6,027 workers was 1.81 %. 6. The prevalence of hypertension of 116 workers was 11.2 %.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.224-241
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• 2015

Multiview plus depth (MVD) videos are widely used in free-viewpoint TV systems. The best-known technique to determine depth information is based on stereo vision. In this paper, we propose a novel local stereo matching algorithm which is radiometric invariant. The key idea is to use a combined matching cost of intensity and gradient based similarity measure. In addition, we realize an adaptive cost aggregation scheme by constructing an adaptive support window for each pixel, which can solve the boundary and low texture problems. In the disparity refinement process, we propose a four-step post-processing technique to handle outliers and occlusions. Moreover, we conduct stereo reconstruction tests to verify the performance of the algorithm more intuitively. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and robust against local radiometric distortion. It has an average error of 5.93% on the Middlebury benchmark and is compatible to the state-of-art local methods.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.68.4-68.4
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• 2019

In this poster, we present a relation between the Galactic foregrounds and Galactic latitude to study the structure of the Galactic foregrounds. We propose that the standard deviation of observed values along a line of sight with Galactic latitude b ('σ_l.o.s') is inversely proportional to ${\sqrt{sin{\mid}b{\mid}}}$. To confirm this, we use synchrotron intensity data from the Planck archive and rotation measure (RM) data from the NVSS. We divided the sphere of the Galactic coordinate into bins with a constant surface area and calculated the average of standard deviation along Galactic latitude ('σ_lat'). We compared σ_lat ${\sqrt{sin{\mid}b{\mid}}}$ with σ_lat along Galactic latitude and found that σ_lat ${\sqrt{sin{\mid}b{\mid}}}$ is the most constant. These results support that the relation is reasonable.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.623-632
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 연속시점에서 촬영한 CT 영상에서 대응되는 폐결절을 추적 관찰하기 위한 폐결절 정합 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 다음과 같은 다섯 단계로 구생된다. 첫째, 분할된 폐를 포함하는 최적경계볼륨의 중심으로 위치 차이를 보정한다. 둘째, 초기 CT 영상과 추적 CT 영상에서 가장 높은 밝기값을 가지고 있는 갈비뼈 구조를 포함하는 관상최대강도투사 영상을 생성한다. 셋째, 두 관상최대강도투사 영상 간의 정규화된 평균 밝기값 차이를 통해 강체 변환을 최적화한다. 넷째, 강체 정합 후에 폐결절 중심 간의 유클라디안 거리 측정을 통해 대응되는 폐결절 대응 후보를 정의한다. 마지막으로, 폐결절을 매칭하기 위하여 초기 CT 영상 내에 폐결절 템플릿과 추적 CT 영상 내에 탐색 볼륨 간의 템플릿 매칭을 수행 한다. 본 제안 방법의 결과를 평가하기 위하여 육안 평가, 정확성 및 수행시간 측정을 수행하였다. 실험결과 관상최대강도투사를 기반으로 하는 강체정합과 지역적 템플릿 매칭을 이용하여 폐결절이 정확하고 빠르게 정합됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.33-60
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 생산 프론티어 접근을 통하여 OECD 국가의 에너지효율과 경제성장이 에너지수요에 미치는 영향을 비교하는 것이다. 본 연구는 OECD 국가를 대상으로 전통적 에너지 원단위와 생산 프론티어 접근에 의한 에너지효율, 생산 프론티어 상의 효율점에서 에너지 과다 여유분의 존재, 생산의 기술구조 하에서 GDP 증가에 따른 에너지수요 탄력성을 살펴보았다. 첫째, 전통적 에너지 원단위는 방사선 에너지효율과는 상관성이 낮고 여유분 에너지효율, 비방사선 에너지효율과 에너지 최소화 방향의 수평선 에너지효율 등과는 일정한 상관성을 보인다. 에너지 원단위만으로 에너지효율 여부를 판단하는 것은 오류가 있을 수 있다. 특히 방사선 효율에 의한 에너지효율은 대부분의 국가의 에너지효율을 과대평가하는 경향이 있다. 둘째, OECD 국가들이 프론티어 상의 효율적인 생산점에서도 불필요하게 에너지를 소비하는 것이 연평균 17.3%이므로 에너지의 추가 저감이 필요하다. 셋째, OECD 국가의 경제성장에 대한 에너지 탄력성의 평균은 1.1로서 거의 단위 탄력성에 가깝다. 탄력성의 국가별 차이는 존재하고 탄력성이 높은 국가의 에너지수요는 높다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.577-587
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• 2018

The quantitative assessment of the seismic collapse risk of a structure requires the usage of an optimal intensity measure (IM) which can adequately characterise the severity of the ground motion. Research suggests that the average spectral acceleration ($Sa_{avg}$) may be an efficient and sufficient alternate IM as compared to the more traditional first mode spectral acceleration, $Sa(T_1)$, particularly during seismic collapse risk estimation. This study primarily presents a comparative evaluation of the sufficiency of the average spectral acceleration with respect to ground motion duration, and secondarily assesses the impact of ground motion duration on collapse risk estimation. By assembling a suite of 100 historical ground motions, incremental dynamic analysis of 60 different inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDF) oscillators with varying periods and ductility capacities were analysed, and collapse risk estimates obtained. Linear regression models are used to comparatively quantify the sufficiency of $Sa_{avg}$ and $Sa(T_1)$ using four significant duration metrics. Results suggests that an improved sufficiency may exist for $Sa_{avg}$ when the period of the SDF system increases, particularly beyond 0.5, as compare to $Sa(T_1)$. In reference to the ground motion duration measures, results indicated that the sufficiency of $Sa_{avg}$ is more sensitive to significant duration definitions that consider almost the full wave train of an accelerogram ($SD_{a5-95}$ and $SD_{v5-95}$). In order to obtain a reduced variability of the collapse risk estimate, the 5-95% significant duration metric defined using the Arias integral ($SD_{a5-95}$) should be used for seismic collapse risk estimation in conjunction with $Sa_{avg}$.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권9C호
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• pp.930-938
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 칼라 특징과 다해상도 질감 특징의 효율적인 결합에 근거한 내용기반 영상검색 기법을 제안한다. 칼라 특징으로는 칼라의 공간적인 상관관계를 잘 나타내는 HSV 칼라 오토코렐로그램(color autocorrelogram)을 선택하였고, 질감 특징으로는 국부 밝기 변화와 국부 질감의 부드러움 정도를 잘 측정하는 BDIP와 BVLC를 선택하였다. 이 질감 특징들은 칼라 영상의 휘도(luminance) 성분에서 웨이브렛(wavelet) 분해되어 다해상도로 추출되었다. 그리고 이들 칼라와 질감 특징들은 효율적인 유사도 측정을 위해 각각 이들의 차원들과 표준편차 벡터들에 의해 정규화된 후 결합되었다. 실험을 위한 영상으로는 Corel DB와 VisTex DB, 그리고 이들로부터 파생되어 다양한 해상도의 영상으로 구성된 Corel_MR DB와 VisTex_MR DB를 사용하였다. 실 험 결과, 제안한 방법은 Precision vs. Recall 평가에서 기존의 BDIPBVLC 방법과 칼라 오토코렐로그램 방법보다 각각 평균 $8\%$와 평균 $11\%$ 향상된 성능을 나타내었으며 웨이브렛. 모멘트, CSD, 히스토그램을 이용한 방법들보다 $10\%$ 이상의 높은 성능을 나타내었다. 특히, 제안한 방법이 다른 방법들 보다 다해상도로 구성된 영상 DB에서 높은 검색 성능 차이를나타내었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.197-210
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• 1988

The purposes of this study were : 1) to assess the level of pain and to identity the varieties and the degree of pain-related behavior, 2) to measure the level of correlation between the level of pain and the degree of pain- related behavior, 3) to test the correlation between the Korean Pain Rating Scale (KPRS) and Graphic Rating Scale(GRS), and 4) to gather data relevant to the Socio-demographic status of the subjects. The level of pain was measured by KPRS and GRS developed by the researchers. The KPRS consists of three dimensions ; the sensory, the affective and the miscellaneous and the GRS of two separate scales ; the intensity scale and the unpleasantness scale. Of the 2, 025 who had visited orthopedic and neurosurgical out-patients department of 11 university hospitals in various districts of Korea with the episode of Joint pain, 405 subjects were self-selected by responding to the data gathering tools and questionaires mailed. The results are summaried as follows : 1. Maale(217, 53.6%) exceeded female patients(188, 46.4%) in number and the onset of joint pain was more prevalent in the age groups of the 20s and the 30s. 160(39.5%) had been hospitalized for the treatment of, and 87(21.5%) had retired because of the joint pain. 2. Mean pain score measured by KPRS was 128.31 (range; 0-1.344.8) ; mean sensory score was 43.23(range ; 0-645.88%), mean affective score was 46.09(range ; 0- 356.72), and mean miscellaneous score was 39.99(range ; 0-341.68). Mean pain scores measured by GRS were ; sensory intensity score ; 109.1(range ; 0-200) and distress score ; 99.1 (range ; 0-200). 3. The prevalent sites of joint pain revealed to be the right knee joint(203; 50.1%), left knee joint(181(44.7%), left ilium(147, 36.3%), lumbar region (106; 26.2%), hip joint(92; 22.7%) and the ankle(84; 20.7%). 4. The average sleep hour was 6.8hours per day and the average rest hour during the day hours was 3.3hours (range 0-20). 5. The average duration of suffering from joint pain was 49.1 months. 6. Most of the subjects(298; 73.6%) used some sorts of pain relieving practices ; the most prevalent pain relieving practice was the compliance with the physician prescribed treatments(34.4%). 7. The level of discomfort in carrying out the ADL(activities of daily living was 101.16(38.83) and the level of needs for aid in carrying out the ADL was 76.62(31.79). 8. The interrelation between KPRS total score and GRS sensory intensity score(.4438), as well as that of GRS distress score(r＝.4446) were not highly correlated, however, sensory and affective dimension within KPRS (.7547) and pain intensity and distress score of GRS(.6975) revealed moderate intercorrelation. 9. Pain-related behaviors such as discomfort in carrying out ADL, the need for aids in carrying out ADL, frequency of pain relieving practices, varieties of pain sites and length of rest hours during the day hours revealed to be highly correlated with the level of pain measured by KPRS, GRS sensory intensity scale and GRS distress scale. The following are recommended ; 1. Test for the correlation of KPRS total score and the summated score of GRS ; sensory intensity and distress scores. 2. Possibilities of utilization of the pain-related behaviors which revealed high correlation as indirect assessment tool for measuring the level of pain.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.414-421
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 누설에 의한 플랜트 대형사고 방지를 위한 기술로써, 다채널 음향 센서 모듈을 활용해 잔향 및 반향 영향이 큰 환경에서 배관 누설 소음을 탐지할 수 있는 시스템을 설계하고 검증한다. 정사면체 형태로 배열한 4채널 마이크로폰을 하나의 센서 모듈로 설계해, 3차원 음향 인텐시티 벡터를 측정한다. 잔향 및 반향 영향이 큰 환경에서는 센서 모듈 각각의 인텐시티 벡터 측정 오차가 평균적으로 증가하기 때문에, 다수의 센서 모듈을 현장에 배치하여 실제 음원 위치를 추정해야 한다. 따라서, 여러 쌍의 센서 모듈로부터 얻은 3차원 벡터 간 교점을 이용해 음원이 위치한 지점들을 추정해내고, 해당 지점들 중 이상치(예, 반사의 영향으로 현장 외부로 추정된 지점, 주변 구조물에 의한 회절 영향으로 평균 지점에서 먼 지점으로 추정된 지점 등)를 검출해 제외하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 현장의 도면상에 누설음 추정 위치 좌표를 1 s 이내에 가시화해 실시간으로 누설음이 발생한 위치를 발견해 즉각적인 대응이 가능한 시스템을 구성하고 검증한다. 본 연구는 대형 플랜트의 사고 대응 능력 향상 및 안전성 확보에도 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제11권3로
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• pp.177-188
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• 2005

In this study, the thermal environmental factors in a layer f(arm such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, black globe temperature and illumination intensity were measured and analyzed to serve as basis for effective design and plan of poultry houses. The correlation analysis between the different factors was also done. Heat Index as measure of the thermal stress was also calculated and analyzed. A $1,000m^2$ laying house, 4 meters high with 52,000 layers in six-stage type cages was used in the measurement of the different environmental parameters. The results were as follows; 1. The temperature of the inside air and materials was directly related to the increase in aerial temperature based on the dry-bulb, black globe temperature reading. The correlation factor of the outside to inside air based on dry bulb setting was very significant at 0.927 The dry bulb temperature for inside temperature ranged from $19.9\~28.8^{\circ}C\;with\;SD+2.2^{\circ}C$ while that of the outside air was $16.2\~33.1^{\circ}C,\;SD+3.5^{\circ}C$. In addition, the temperature of the inside air was very stable. 2. The black globe temperature of the inside air ranged from $20.1\~28.8^{\circ}C,\;SD+2.3^{\circ}C$ while that of the outside air was $16.2\~47.5^{\circ}C,\;SD+6.0^{\circ}C$. 3. The relative humidity of the outside and inside air was $72.4\~100\;and\;50.2\~85.6\%$ with an average of $89.2\;and\;71.7\%$, respectively. 4. The illumination intensity in the laying house was less than 7 lux, with an average of $1.2\~2.5lux$ relative to height indicating that the laying house was well isolated from outside radiation. 5. The heat index of the inside air of the laying house had a high variation from $20.5^{\circ}C,\;SD+2.5^{\circ}C$ while that of the outside air was $13.1\~45.5^{\circ}C$, with an average of $21.6^{\circ}C,\;SD+6.3^{\circ}C$.