• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1363-1369
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• 2008

게임과 캐릭터 애니메이션의 발전으로 캐릭터의 동작을 사실적으로 표현하는 기술은 다양한 분야에서 요구되었다. 이에 따라 사실적인 캐릭터 동작을 생성하는 다양한 방법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되어 왔다. 캐릭터의 동작을 생성하는 방법은 숙달된 사용자가 캐릭터의 움직임을 지정하는 방식과 동역학 등의 물리적 법칙을 활용하여 동작을 시뮬레이션하는 방법, 모션 캡쳐 등과 같은 입력장치를 이용하여 배우의 움직임을 측정하여 데이터로 만드는 방법 등이 있다. 이러한 기법들을 이용하여 생성된 동작들은 각각의 방법마다 나름의 장점이 있지만, 제어가 힘들다는 공통적인 단점을 가지고 있다. 사용자에게 가장 편리한 제어를 제공하기 위해서는 사실적인 동작을 고수준 매개변수를 이용하여 생성할 수 있어야 하며, 이러한 동작의 변형 역시 고수준 매개 변수를 통해 이루어져야 한다. 본 논문은 고수준 매개변수(high-level parameter)를 이용하여 캐릭터의 동작을 효율적으로 제어할 수 있는 자동화된 도구의 개발 방법을 제안하며, 이러한 자동 동작 생성 도구를 활용하여 실제 게임을 제작하는 데에 필요한 기술을 소개한다.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2004

This study was carried out to develop methods of reducing the effect of solar illumination on pixel gray-levels of machine vision for agricultural field use. Two kinds of monochrome CCD cameras with manual and auto-iris lenses were used to take pictures within a range of 15 to 120 klux of solar illumination. A camera having more precise automatic control functions gave much better result. Four kinds of indices using pixel gray-level of the $99\%$ white DRS (diffuse reflectance standard) as a reference were tried to compensate pixel gray-levels of an image for variable illumination. Coefficients of variation of the indices within a range of illumination were used as a criterion for comparison. The study concluded that an index of (A+B)/A, where A is gray-level of the $99\%$ DRS and B is gray-level of the tested material, gave the best consistency in the range of solar illumination.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 지문센서의 주변환경 변화에 따른 획득 이미지의 왜곡을 보상하기 위한 픽셀 수준의 자동보상회로를 설계하고 $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS공정을 적용하여 칩으로 구현하였다. 적용된 센서는 $48\times48$ 픽셀의 용량형 센서로서 센서의 출력 전압과 기준 전압을 비교하여 이진의 영상을 출력하게 된다. 기준전압을 제어하여 왜곡된 이미지를 보상하기 위한 알고리즘을 제안하였으며 기준전압제어를 위하여 기존의 DAC와 같은 복잡한 회로 대신 비휘발성 메모리에 적용되는 승압회로를 픽셀별로 적용하였다. 본 논문에서는 승압회로에 의한 이미지보상효과를 얻을 수 있었으며 아울러 16단계의 회색 이미지를 얻음으로써 지문의 인증율을 높일 수 있었다.

• 대기
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.413-424
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• 2013

Urban Heat Island (UHI) intensity is one of vital parameters in studying urban boundary layer meteorology as well as urban planning. Because the UHI intensity is defined as air temperature difference between urban and rural sites, an objective sites selection criterion is necessary for proper quantification of the spatial variations of the UHI intensity. This study quantified the UHI intensity and its spatial pattern, and then analyzed their connections with urban structure and metabolism in Seoul metropolitan area where many kinds of land use and land cover types coexist. In this study, screen-level temperature data in non-precipitation day conditions observed from 29 automatic weather stations (AWS) in Seoul were analyzed to delineate the characteristics of UHI. For quality control of the data, gap test, limit test, and step test based on guideline of World Meteorological Organization were conducted. After classifying all stations by their own local climatological properties, UHI intensity and diurnal temperature range (DTR) are calculated, and then their seasonal patterns are discussed. Maximum UHI intensity was $4.3^{\circ}C$ in autumn and minimum was $3.6^{\circ}C$ in spring. Maximum DTR appeared in autumn as $3.8^{\circ}C$, but minimum was $2.3^{\circ}C$ in summer. UHI intensity and DTR showed large variations with different local climate zones. Despite limited information on accuracy and exposure errors of the automatic weather stations, the observed data from AWS network represented theoretical UHI intensities with difference local climate zone in Seoul.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.595-602
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• 2021

우리나라의 경우, 중소형선박에 의한 해양사고의 발생 비중이 상대적으로 매우 높으며, 통계에 따르면 각종 안전지원 장비의 탑재 의무화에도 불구하고 크게 감소되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 대형선박에 비해 상대적으로 탑재 장비가 적은 중소형 선박을 위한 음성합성 기반 자동 안전항해 지원 서비스 제공 시스템의 아키텍처를 제안한다. 시스템의 주목적은 주변 선박들에게 VHF 무전기를 통해 합성된 음성 안전 메시지를 자동으로 제공하여 해양사고를 예방하는 것이다. 안전항해 지원 서비스는 GPS 및 AIS를 연계하여 음성 안전 지원 메시지를 합성하고, VHF를 통하여 자동으로 방송해주는 형태로 동작된다. 따라서 시스템을 구성하는 데이터 처리 모듈, 단계별 위험도 분석 모듈, 음성합성 안전 메시지 생성 모듈, VHF 방송장비 제어 모듈 등을 개발하였다. 또한, 개발한 시스템을 활용하여 실험실 수준의 테스트와 해상 실증 시험을 진행하였으며, 이를 통해 서비스 유용성을 검증하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.51-68
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• 2023

Due to the recent integrated water management policy, it is important to identify a reliable supply amount for establishing an agricultural water supply plan. In order to identify the amount of agricultural water supply, it is essential to calculate the discharge by measuring the water level and flow velocity of reservoirs and canal agricultural water, and quality control to ensure reliability must be preceded. Unlike agricultural reservoirs, canal agricultural water are more sensitive to the surrounding environment and reservoir irrigation methods (continuous, intermittent irrigation, etc.), making it difficult to estimate general water level patterns and at the same time a lot of erroneous data. The Korea Rural Community Corporation is applying a filter technique as a quality control method capable of processing large quantities and real-time processing of canal agricultural water level data, and applicability evaluation is needed. In this study, the types of errors generated by the automatic water level measurement system were first determined. In addition, by using the manual quality control data, a technique with high applicability is derived by comparing and analyzing data calibrated with Gaussian, Savitzky-Golay, Hampel, and Median filter techniques, RMSE, and NSE, and the optimal parameters of the technique range was derived. As a result, the applicability of the Median filter was evaluated the highest, and the optimal parameters were derived in the range of 120min to 240min. Through the results of this study, it is judged that it can be used for quantitative evaluation to establish an agricultural water supply plan.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop a preprocessor for real-time portable quality evaluation system of milk. The preprocessor consisted of two flow pump to supply milk sample and reaction reagent at given volume, a fan to mix milk with reaction reagent, a thermoelectric device to maintain sample temperatures of $40^{\circ}C$, and I/O interface to control signals. The tests conducted with different level of flow rate of pump, fan speed, ambient temperature, and intial temperature of mixtures. To evaluate performance of the preprocessor, the supplied volumes, color changes, and temperatures were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the preprocessor could control supplying volumes, mixing, temperatures of samples automatically. The preprocessor showed good performance to be used for portable quality evaluation system of milk.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 11th (KACC); Pohang, Korea; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.324-327
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• 1996

This paper describes the robust controller design methods applied to the problem of an automatic system for tow-vehicle/trailer combinations. This study followed an inverse Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR) approach which combines pole assignment methods with conventional LOR methods. It overcomes two concerns associated with these separate methods. It overcomes the robustness problems associated with pole placement methods and trial and error required in the application of the LQR problem. Moreover, a Kalman filter is used as the observer, but is modified by using the loop transfer recovery (LTR) technique with modified transmission zero assignment. The proposed inverse LQG,/LTR controllers enhances the forward motion stability and maneuverability of the combination vehicles. At high speeds, where the inherent yaw damping of the vehicle system decreases, the controller operates to maintain an adequate level of yaw damping. At backward moton, both 4WS (2WS tow-vehicle, 2WS trailer) and 6WS (4WS tow-vehicle, 2WS trailer) control laws are proposed by using inverse LQG/LTR method. To evaluate the stability and robustness of the proposed controllers, simulations for both forward and backward motion were conducted using a detailed nonlinear model. The proposed controllers are significantly more robust than the previous controllers and continues to operate effectively in spite of parameter perturbations that would cause previous controllers to enters limit cycles or to loose stability.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.752-760
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• 1993

We research ed on the noise control of a head feeding type combine harvester. It is a kind of combine harvester developed in Japan. And at present, it is used by most Japanese farmer. For a head-feeding type combine harvester it is very difficult to determine the sources of noise because it is a combination of reapers and automatic , threshers and several running parts. However we succeeded in finding out the sound sources of combine harvesters and analyzing their sound by the using sound intensity method. The sound intensity Method is a very up-to-date method to measure and analyze Sound Intensity Levels and sound directions at several measuring point sin a specified area. In this research, first a conventional sound level measurement method is used and secondly the sound intensity method. The first method shows a rather great limitation in allowed exposure duration. The second method shows pin-points the engine itself as being the main source of noise, causing sound flows a ross the operator's seat.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1988년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); 한국전력공사연수원, 서울; 21-22 Oct. 1988
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• pp.794-797
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• 1988

G. Binnig and H. Rohrer introduced the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) in 1982 and developed it into a powerful and not to be missed physical tool. Scanning tunneling Microscopy is a real space surface imaging method with the atomic or subatomic resolution in all three dimensions. The tip is scanned over the surface by two piezo translators mounted parallel (X-piezo and Y-piezo) to the surface and perpendicular to each other. The voltage applied to the third piezo (Z-piezo) translator mounted perpendicular to the surface to maintain the tunneling current through the gap at a constant level reflects then the topography of the surface. The feed back control loop for the constant gap current is designed using the automatic control technique. In the designing process of the feed back loop, the identification of the gap dynamics is very complex and has difficulty. In this research, using some suitable test signals, the system dynamics of the gap including the Z-piezo are investigated. Especially, in this paper, a system model is proposed for the gap and Z-piezo series system. Indicial response is used to find out the model. The driving voltage of the Z-piezo and the tunneling current are considered as input and output signals respectively.