• 생물정신의학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2000

Objective : The present study was designed to compare Global Field Power Measurement and conventional method in P300 determination. Method : The subjects were composed of patients(N=20) with schizophrenia by DSM-IV and normal controls(N=20). The auditory event related potential P300 was measured by "oddball paradigm". P300 components were determined by Global Field Power Measurement and conventional method at 5 electrodes(Fz, Cz, Pz, $T_3$, $T_4$). Results : P300 amplitudes of patients were smaller than those of controls across all electrodes and in both methods, but there was no differential power in P300 determination between two methods. Asymmetry of auditory event-related potential P300 was not shown between patients with schizophrenia and normal controls. Conclusion : It is implicated that it depends on clinical situations and research purposes what method of P300 determination will be more appropriate for patients with schizophernia.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.306-310
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to observe the change in gamma-band cortical activities (GBAs) due to task difficulty. Event-related potential and gamma-band activity were investigated using electroencephalograms recorded during auditory oddball tasks with two difficulty levels. For more difficult task, the amplitude of P300 decreased and the peak latency of P300 was delayed significantly compared to easier task. The induced GBA decreased considerably during the P300 latency period and the peak latency of the induced GBA was delayed for more difficult task. The results imply that the difficulty-related change in cortical information processing may be implemented as a change in the strength of local neuronal association.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.234-237
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• 2010

P300 component of the event-related potential(ERP) has been studied for theoretical, empirical, and clinical applications. Nowadays the 1-, 2-, and 3-stimulus oddball paradigms are used for eliciting P300 component of EEG in the auditory stimulus experiments. In this paper, we used a method to add one more stimulus to the 3-stimulus auditory paradigm. The adding stimulus has not the same volume but the same tone of the target stimulus. The 4-stimulus oddball paradigm to use two targets is used to elicit the P300 event-related potentials. In 4-stimulus oddball paradigm, an infrequent non-target (p=0.10) is presented in addition to two infrequent targets (p=0.10) and a frequent standard (p=0.70). Two target stimuli elicited a P300 component with a parietal maximum distribution. The amplitude of the P300 in target 2 was larger than that in target 1 and the latency of the P300 in target 2 was longer than that in target 1. The P300 component due to target 2 stimuli was larger than that due to target 1 stimuli. The experimental results approve that the 4-stimulus oddball paradigm can elicit P300 component clearly. The results are compared with the results of the traditional oddball paradigm.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.108-112
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• 2003

목 적：본 연구는 청각 사건관련 전위를 이용하여 전수면박탈이 인간의 신경생리에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 방 법：고려대학교 재학생 중 건강한 자원자 24명을 대상으로 하여 총 38시간의 수면박탈을 시행하였고 2일간 아침, 저녁으로 총 네 차례 청각 사건관련 전위를 실행하였다. 결 과：P300과 N200의 잠복기가 유의하게 길어졌으며(p<0.001) 진폭도 수면박탈의 결과로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 수면박탈에 따라서 P200의 진폭이 유의한 증가를 보였다. 그러나 N100에서는 수면박탈에 따라서 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다(p<0.05). 결 론：청각 사건관련전위중 P300과 N200가 수면박탈 상태를 반영하는 표지자로 생각된다. 향후 수면박탈이 사건 관련전위에 미치는 영향의 신경생리학적 기전에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2020

Auditory stimuli are commonly used in various electroencephalogram experiments, also in EEG-based brain-computer interface systems. However, using conventional earphones that blocks the ear canal attenuates or even blocks external environmental sound which might cause loss of crucial information from surroundings. Instead, bone-conductive earphones are able to deliver sound through vibration without blocking the ear canal. To investigate the feasibility of the bone-conductive earphones for auditory-stimuli based experiments, we compared N100 event-related potential features as well the event-related spectral perturbation and inter-trial coherence of auditory steady-state response between conventional and bone-conductive earphones. The results showed no significant differences between bone conduction and conventional earphones regardless of distinct sound pressures. This result shows that bone conductive earphones can be used for auditory experiments when the environmental sound is crucial to the user.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2011

Objectives : Intellectual impairment in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often associated with relatively severe cognitive dysfunction. This study was designed to investigate cognitive function using auditory and visual event-related potential P300 in children with ADHD with relatively higher and lower IQ. Methods : A total of 20 children aged 6-12 years with DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of ADHD-combined type were recruited. For 10 children with lower IQ (${\leq}$100) and 10 children with higher IQ (>100), auditory and visual P300 using oddball paradigm (target 0.2, standard 0.8, in probability) were employed. Results : No significant differences were found in P300 amplitude and latency between ADHD children with higher and lower IQ in both modalities. However, auditory P300 amplitude in the right parietal area (P8 electrode) was negatively correlated with verbal IQ in ADHD subjects (R=-.50, p<.05). Visual P300 amplitude in the left parietal area (P3 electrode) was positively correlated with performance IQ in ADHD subjects (R=.57, p<.01). Conclusion : This study suggests intellectual impairment, as evidenced by lower IQ, could not be associated with cognitive dysfunction reflected in event-related potential P300 in ADHD children. However, cognitive function reflected in intellectual subcomponents and P300 might be processed in a stimulus modality-specific and asymmetric pattern.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2006

One of the most widely recognized neurophysiologic endophenotypes for schizophrenia is deficient gating or inhibition of the P50 component of the auditory event-related potential(ERP). A deficit in P50 sensory gating refers to a dysfunction in the mechanism responsible for modulating the brain's sensitivity of filtering out irrelevant or background stimuli, perhaps as a result of dysfunction in inhibitory neural circuits. In this paper, we review the neuronal and genetic aspects as well as medication effects on P50 in schizophrenia.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.148-152
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• 2002

This study is to develop the Alzheimers disease (AD) detection and analysis system using event-related potential (ERP) of AD patients. We recorded ERP in an auditory oddball paradigm in mild AD (n=25), severe AD (n=12), age-matched normal aged controls (n=17), and young controls (n=7). The amplitude and latency of target P300 components were compared among 4 groups. The relationship between P300 measures and neuro psychological test (K-DRS) scores were evaluated by correlations. The latency of P300 was prolonged in AD and the effects were correlated with the severity of dementia. The P300 amplitude was not affected significantly in AD. Theres no difference between normal aged group and young group. These results suggest that the P300 component is specifically affected by Alzheimer type dementia.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2004

Objective:Event-related potentials(ERPs) are electrical changes recorded at the surface of the scalp in response to stimulus presentation, and their latency and amplitude change according to cognitive processes. Through past studies of the auditory ERP in schizophrenia, the P300 has been reported to be statistically smaller and delayed in schizophrenia than comparison groups. However, studies of the visual ERP have not been systematically examined. The present study was designed to investigate the visual P300 in patients with schizophrenia and normal controls and to compare the pattern of P300 between them. Methods:The subjects were composed of patients(N=22) with schizophrenia by DSM-IV and normal controls(N=22). The visual ERPs were measured by the visual continuous performance test. P300 amplitude and latency measured on 5 scalp electrodes(Fz, Cz, Pz, $T_7$, $T_8$) were compared between patients and controls. Results:The P300 latencies measured on Fz, Cz, Pz, and $T_7$ electrodes were significantly longer in patients than controls(p<0.05). The P300 amplitudes in patients were smaller than controls. However, the difference between them was not statistically significant. Conclusion:Analysis of the visual ERPs showed that the P300 latency is significantly delayed and the P300 amplitude is slightly smaller in patients than controls. These results are similar to established studies of the auditory P300 in schizophrenia.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.87-98
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• 1994

연구배경 : 정신분열증 환자들이 정보처리 과정의 문제가 있을 것이라는 가설을 지지해 주는 사건관련유발 전위인 P3의 이상을 보고하는 연구들이 있어 저자들은 정신분열증 환자들에게 청각사건관련유발 전위를 실시하여 P3의 이상을 확인하고자 하였다. 또한, 음성 및 양성 정신분열증환자에 P3의 차이가 있는지 비교하였으며, 가족력이나 전기충격경련요법, 밖에 임상양상과 P3와의 연관성을 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법 : DSM-III-R 진단기준에 맞는 정신분열증 환자 54명 (남자 31, 여자 23) 과 그 대조군 75 명 (남자 33, 여자 42) 을 대상으로 oddball paradigm 을 이용한 사건관련유발전위를 실시하여 P3의 잠복기와 진폭을 측정하였으며, 정신분열증의 인지기능이상을 알아볼 수 있는 프랑크푸르트 임상검사를 같이 실시하였다. 결과 : 정신분열증 환자의 P3 잠복기는 그 대조군에 비해 의미 있게 지연되어 있었으며, 또한 모든 진폭도 대조군에 비해 의미 있게 감소되어 있었다. 정신분열증 환자군에서 프랑크푸르트 임상검사의 10가지 임상증상 모두에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였다. PANSS의 종합점수에 따라 음성과 양성으로 나누어 비교한 결과, P3의 잠복기 및 진폭에서 의미 있는 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 또한, 정신과질환의 가족력의 유무에 따라, 전기 충격경련요법 유무에 따라 비교한 결과 의미 있는 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 환자군에서 프랑크푸르트 임상검사의 임상증상, 그밖에 임상특성과 P3의 잠복기와 진폭 사이에 연관성을 발견할 수 없었다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과로 정신분열증 환자들에서 선택적 주의집중 과정의 이상이 있을 것이고 추측할 수 있었으며, 임상양상이나 가족력 유무와 P3사이에 연관성이 없다는 것을 시사해 주었다.