• Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2007

The severe-profound hearing impaired children have various disorders in everday communication due to the lack of hearing feedback. Especially, their speech produced unstable voice, omission and distortion of articulation, pitch break, cul-de-sac voice, and so on so that they were difficult to accurately deliver an intended message. This study attempts to analyze the acoustic characteristics of 4 vowel sounds produced by 35 severe-profound hearing impaired children using CSL(Computerized Speech Lab, Model 4300b). The formant data were obtained from the spectrogram and analyzed data by 12 formant filter and auto-correlation among the formants. Results showed that the hearing impaired children's formant values came out very high. They produced the vowels at the mode of hypertension with unstable voice. In order to improve their speech, they would need some adequate auditory feedback.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.489-493
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• 2018

Objective: This study was to identify whether working memory (WM) can be clearly subdivided according to auditory and visual modality. To do this, we administered the most recent and universal clinical WM measures in a mixed psychiatric sample. Methods: A total of 115 patients were diagnosed on the basis of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria and with MINI-Plus 5.0, a structured diagnostic interview. WM subtests of Korean version of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV and Korean version of Wechsler Memory Scale-IV were administered to assess WM. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to observe whether WM measures fit better to a one-factor or two-factor model. Results: CFA results demonstrated that a two factor model fits the data better than one-factor model as expected. Conclusion: Our study supports a modality model of WM, or the existence of modality-specific WM systems, and thus poses a clinical significance of assessing both auditory and visual WM tests.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.101-105
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• 2020

In this study, we are going to discuss the role of sound, which exists as the background of a movie scene, and the relationship between seeing and hearing. In order to analyze the form in which the scene and sound are matched, the visual content of the image must be analyzed first. In this study, we analyzed Stanley Kubrick's film . Generally, there are both visual and auditory features in the scene of the movie. In some cases, the sound is emphasized more than the scene, and the scene is emphasized more than the sound. In particular, the sound in movies enables a wider imagination and a three-dimensional experience. Images and sounds will have different meanings and effects depending on the purpose of use. By analyzing the correlation between visual scene and auditory sound based on the role sound plays in the film in this study, we would like to confirm that sound is one essential element that has the role of equivalent and independent expression, not the role of assisting images.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2014

Identification of RTF (Relative Transfer Function) between sensors is essential to multichannel speech enhancement system. In this paper, we present an approach for estimating the relative transfer function of speech signal. This method adapts a CASA (Computational Auditory Scene Analysis) technique to the conventional OM-LSA (Optimally-Modified Log-Spectral Amplitude) based approach. Evaluation of the proposed approach is performed under simulated stationary and nonstationary WGN (White Gaussian Noise). Experimental results confirm advantages of the proposed approach.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.228-232
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• 1997

The special interest should be paid to the analysis of the influences of positive emotions in terms of their possible effects on the dyanmics of autonomic. recovery after the negative affective stimualtion. Taking into account emotion-specific autonomic response patterning and dissociation of parameters of autonomic arousal during experience of both positive and negative emotional states, this problem seems a challenging one. In present study several autonomic parameters were analyzed altogether, namely inedices of electrodermal activity, heart rate and respitation rate during consecutive combination or both IAPS-based visual affective and auditory stimulation. The aim of the study was analysis of patterns of electrodermal and cardiorespiratory responses during emotional states evoked by negative affective visual stimulation followed by positive or neutral auditory one with intention to identify if the latter is able to facilitate post-stress recovery and enhance restoration of pre-arousal levels. The main orientation was dirdcted towards the further application of experimentally induced comfort emotions for dampening the negative consequences of exposure to stressful stimuli.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.878-881
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• 2003

To acquire an appointed speaker's clear voice signal from inspect-camera, picture-conference or hands free microphone eliminating interference noises needs to be preceded speaker's position automatically. Presumption of sound source position's basic algorithm is about measuring TDOA(Time Difference Of Arrival) from reaching same signals between two microphones. This main project uses ADF(Adaptive Delay Filter) [4] and CPS(Cross Power Spectrum) [5] which are one of the most important analysis of TDOA. From these analysis this project proposes presumption of real time sound source position and improved model NI-ADF which makes possible to presume both directions of sound source position. NI-ADF noticed that if auditory sense of humankind reaches above to some specified level in specified frequency, it will accept sound through activated nerve. NI-ADF also proposes practicable algorithm, the presumption of real time sound source position including both directions, that when microphone loads to some specified system, it will use sounds level difference from external system related to sounds of diffraction phenomenon. In accordance with the project, when existing both direction adaptation filter's algorithm measures sound source, it increases more than twice number by measuring one way. Preserving this weak point, this project proposes improved algorithm to presume real time in both directions.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.47-54
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• 2019

We examined previous studies of the correlation analysis of heart rate variability as a method to reduce the stress caused by outside noise during driving, and we investigated whether there are electrocardiographic changes when drivers play music, which provides a stable sound source amid the noise. Because the number of cars increases every year, drivers and passengers show an increase in stress caused by outside noise. The stress from outside noise while a person is driving can cause several disorders, such as anxiety, immunosuppression, depression, and heart disease. Subjects in this study operated a vehicle simulator to reduce the stress from outside noise and were given different auditory stimuli, and we studied the drivers' responses to the stimuli. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed a significant differences between subjects exposed to different auditory stimuli (ρ < 0.05). Through post hoc analyses, we examined these differences. We found significant differences between factor 1 (stability) and factor 2 (simulation driving), between factor 1 (stability) and factor 3 (driving + police siren), and between factor 1 (stability) and factor 4 (driving + police siren + music). In addition, the factor that produced the highest level of sympathetic nervous system activity was factor 4 (driving + police siren + music), followed by factor 3 (driving + police siren), factor 2 (driving), and factor 1 (stability). In conclusion, even when a police siren was heard during driving, there were no significant differences on electrocardiograms (ECGs). In addition, even when the siren was heard over the music, there was no difference on the ECGs (ρ < 0.01). In future studies, investigators should determine which types of music help stabilize the heart rate during driving.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2023

In this study, we assessed how participants represent various sensory stimuli experiences through behavioral ratings and physiological measurements. Utilizing intersubject correlation (ISC) analysis, we evaluated whether individuals' affective responses of dominance, arousal, and valence differed when stimuli of three modality conditions (auditory, visual, and haptic) were presented. ISC analyses were used to measure the similarities between one participant's responses and those of the others. To calculate the intersubject correlation, we divided the entire dataset into one subject and all other subject datasets and then correlated the two for all possible stimulus pair combinations. The results revealed that for dominance, ISCs of the visual modality condition were greater than the auditory modality condition, whereas, for arousal, the auditory condition was greater than the visual modality. Last, negative valence conditions had the greater consistency of the participants' reactions than positive conditions in each of the sensory modalities. When comparing modalities, greater ISCs were observed in haptic modality conditions than in visual and auditory modality conditions, regardless of the affective categories. We discussed three core affective representations of multiple modalities and proposed ISC analysis as a tool for examining differences in individuals' affective representations.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-72
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• 2019

This study reviewed and analyzed English-written studies using a rhythmic tapping task for motor control of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Inclusion criteria for the participants were children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children. The keywords used for the outcome variables included rhythmic tapping, timed movement, and synchronization. Ten studies were included in the final analysis. The included studies were analyzed in terms of target variables, auditory stimuli, and measurements. A meta-analysis was also conducted to examine how children with ASD performed rhythmic tapping tasks compared to children with TD. In the identified studies, five variables were used: timed movement control, timing reproduction, bimanual coordination, synchronization, and interpersonal synchronization. It was found that rhythmic tapping performance was analyzed in terms of accuracy and precision of the movement and reported as significantly correlated to social skills measures. The meta-analysis results showed that there were no significant differences between the ASD and TD groups in continuing rhythmic movements when the presented auditory stimuli ended, whereas there were significant group differences in their ability to maintain their motor performance consistently and to synchronize with auditory cue or with others. These results support the rhythmic tapping task as an effective measure for not only motor control but also social skills development in children with ASD.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.3-14
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• 2023

This study used intersubject representational similarity analysis (IS-RSA) to identify participant-response consistency patterns in previously published data. Additionally, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to detect any variations in the conditions of each experiment. In each experiment, a combination of ASMR stimulation, visual and auditory stimuli, and time-series emotional video stimulation was employed, and emotional ratings and physiological measurements were collected in accordance with the respective experimental conditions. Every pair of participants' measurements for each stimulus in each experiment was correlated using Pearson correlation coefficient as part of the IS-RSA. The results of study revealed a consistent response pattern among participants exposed to ASMR, visual, and auditory stimuli, in contrast to those exposed to time-series emotional video stimulation. Notably, the ASMR experiment demonstrated a high level of response consistency among participants in positive conditions. Furthermore, both auditory and visual experiments exhibited remarkable consistency in participants' responses, especially when subjected to high arousal levels and visual stimulation. The findings of this study confirm that IS-RSA serves as a valuable tool for summarizing and presenting multidimensional data information. Within the scope of this study, IS-RSA emerged as a reliable method for analyzing multidimensional data, effectively capturing and presenting comprehensive information pertaining to the participants.