• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.42-49
• /
• 1996

The author examined the response of Armorclad rockfish, Sebastes hubbsi [MATSUBARA]to the surface attracting lamps (0.5W, 0.8W, 1W) line in the experimental water tank ($550L{\times}58W{\times}73H$cm). The attraction rate was investigated in accordance with the intervals of lighting and putting out hour (1,5 minute) when each of the attraction lamps was gradually switched off after they were switched on all at once. The results are as follows : 1. Total distribution rate of fish in the illuminated section was 61.6%(mean 12.3%) in case of 1 minute interval, and 41.0%(mean 8.2%) in case of 5 minutes interval. 2. Mean distribution rate of fish at the illuminated section : \circled1Distribution rate at interval of 1 minute were 12.7% in 0.8W, 12.4% in 0.5W and 11.9% in 1 W respectively. \circled2Distribution rate at interval of 5 minutes were 9.0% in 1W, 8.6% in 0.8W and 7.0% in 0.5W respectively. 3. Attraction rates of the last section showed a little increasing as illuminating time elapsed. A difference of attraction rates according to lighting source in 1 minute interval was bigger than that in 5 minute interval. 4. Attraction rate of fish in only last section switched on : \circled1Attraction rate at interval in case of 1 minute were 52.0% in 0.8W, 46.7% in 0.5%W and 45.3% in 1W respectively. \circled2Attraction rate at interval in case of 5 minutes were 32.0% in 1W, 24.0% in 0.8W and 14.7% in 0.5W respectively.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1992

The author has examined the response of sting fish, Sebastes inermis and black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii to the attraction lamps(1 W) line in an experimental water tank(550 L$\times$ 58 W $\times$ 73H cm). Attraction lamp was set up at intervals of 55 cm for each section. The frequency rate was investigated at the illuminated section in accordance with the intervals of lighting on and putting out that was 1, 3 and 5 minutes under two conditions of light stimulus. The results are as follows: 1. Frequency rate at the last section when each of the attraction lamps was gradually switched on and off: (1) Sting fish was 27.2 % in case of 3 minutes interval, and 17.4 % in 1 minutes interval, and 15.8 % in 5 minutes interval. (2) Black porgy was 28.5 % in case of 5 minutes interval, and 25.8 % in 3 minutes interval, and 12.0 % in 1 minutes interval. 2. Distribution of fish at the illuminated section when each of the attraction lamps was gradually switched off after they were switched on all at once: (1) Sting fish was much gathered in the section adjacent to the extinguished section under the condition of 1 and 3 minutes interval, and not regular trend under 5 minutes interval. (2) Black porgy was much gathered last section under the condition of 1 and 3 minutes interval, and almost evenly distributed under 5 minutes interval. 3. Each of the attraction lamps was gradually switched off after they were switched on all at once, and only the last one was on: (1) The frequency rate of Sting fish was 27.2 % in case of 5 minutes interval, and 16.0 % in 1 minute interval, and 8.0 % in 3 minutes interval. (2) The frequency rate of Black porgy was 10.7 % in case of 1 minute interval, and 8.9 % in 3 minutes interval, and 0.8 % in 5 minutes interval.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.124-129
• /
• 1986

The effects of molecular attraction and orientations for the energy mismatch variance, vibrational energy level and double-quantum transition, in the vibration-vibration energy exchange, have been considered. The contribution of molecular attraction increases the exchange rate of the purely repulsive interaction, in general, significantly, but which becomes smaller as the temperature is increased. As the energy mismatch is increased, its contribution is also increased, but which is small. However, its contribution for the double-quantum transition is very paramount. At each orientation, the exchange rate constants have been calculated and compared with the results for rotational average, and it is found that the exchange rate is a strong function of the orientation angles of colliding molecules. We have also discussed about the system having the strong interaction such as the hydrogen bond, and it is found that for this system the preferred orientation should be considered in order to calculate the exchange rates.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 1987

유도등렬로서 집어된 어류를 목적장소까지 유도하기 위하여 2가지의 유도등 점멸방법 (Normal, Nega 방법), 3가지의 점멸간격 (1,5,10분) 및 3 가지의 적응등용전구 (1, 10, 20 W)를 사용해서 말쥐치 Navodon modestus(GUNTHER)에 광자극을 주었을 때 그에 대한 반응을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Normal 방법에 의한 점멸간격과 적응등의 밝기에 따른 유도율의 변화를 나타내는 변동계수는 각각 16.78% (1 분), 9.71% (5 분), 8.96% (10 분), 9.71% (1 W), 15.00% (10W), 21.08% (20 W)였고, 최종구간에서의 유도율은 각각 80.0% (1 분), 86.0% (5 분), 85.0% (10 분), 86.0% (1 W), 78.7% (10W), 72.7% (20 W)였다. 2. Nega 방법에 의한 각 점멸구간에서의 어류분포는 점멸간격과 적응등의 밝기에 관계없이 거의 모든 점등구간에 분포했으며 그 중 소등구간에 인접한 점등구간에 많이 분포하였다. 3. Nega 방법에 의한 최종구간에 대한 유도율의 변화는 L자형이 되었으며, 최종유도등만 점등되었을 때의 유도율은 각각 96.7% (1 분), 100% (5 분), 96.0% (10 분), 100% (1 W), 100% (10W) and 88.0% (20 W)였다.

• 천문학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 1969

The gain of internal energy of a star cluster caused by the tidal attraction of our Galaxy is examined. Expressions are derived which include the effects of a two-body orbit and internal motions of the cluster. These formulae are compared with previous results based on (i) uniform rectilinear motion and (ii) neglect of internal motions induced by cluster gravitation(i.e., impulsive approximation), and it is found that these simplifying assumptions generally introduce significant uncertainties.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2001

사람 정자에 대한 유인능과 운동성에 미치는 난포액의 영향을 밝히기 위하여 난관 폐색으로 내원한 환자에서 채취한 난포액 sample A, 남성 배우자의 불임으로 내원한 환자에서 채취한 난포액 sample B, Sample A를 가열처리한 난포액 그리고 modified human tubal fluid(m-HTF) 중 어느 하나를 함유한 각각의 모세관을 1, 2 및 4시간 동안 배양하여 유인된 정자의 수와 운동성을 가진 정자의 비율을 조사하였다. 유인된 정자 및 운동성을 가진 정자의 비율은 난포액 sample A에서 m-HTF, 난포액 sample B 및 가열 처리한 난포액보다 유의 적으로(P<0.05) 높게 나타났다. 불활성화 난포액보다 신선 난포액에서 유인능 및 운동성이 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.371-381
• /
• 2023

The effectiveness of plant-based attractants was studied using large traps, which attracted relatively more snails in agricultural water drainage ditches and rice-cultivating environments, although their effectiveness in rice fields and lakes was limited. The rate began to rise after three hours of observation. Watermelon peel exhibited the highest apple snail attraction rate (13.8%), followed by potatoes (10.0%), and apple peel (8.8%). These values significantly differed from the attraction rate attributed to papaya leaves (F=3.84; P=0.0387). After 24 h, watermelon peel and apple peel indicated a higher rate of attraction (23.4% and 21.7%, respectively), which were significantly different compared with those of papaya leaves and potatoes (F=9.94; P=0.00455). Large bait traps outperformed funnel traps in capturing golden apple snails and trapped a significant number of snails measuring over 1 cm in size. Watermelon peel was the most effective attractant for a large bait trap, followed by apple peel, potatoes, and papaya leaves. On average, 110 snails were captured in the lure net. However, potatoes, apple peels, and papaya leaves caught an average of 93, 80, and 79 snails, respectively. Among the attractants, the lure effect of the snails was not significantly different. The efficiency of large bait traps in capturing snails, regardless of the plant attractant employed, followed the order: apple peel > watermelon peel and potatoes > papaya leaves > melon > Korean melon. Watermelon peel is highly recommended for farmer use, as well as apple peel and potatoes. Utilizing these snail attractants may contribute positively to developing a safe and environment-friendly integrated pest management strategy.

• Fibers and Polymers
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.280-288
• /
• 2004

Split-type nylon/polyester microfiber and polyester microfiber fabrics possess drapeability, softness, bulkiness, and smoothness, so that they can be applied in various industrial fields. In particular, these fabrics are able to absorb various organic solvents, and can be used as clean room materials. To investigate the chemical affinity between solvents and the compositional materials of these fabrics, the contact angle of thermally pressed film fabrics was measured with different solvents. The thermally pressed nylon/polyester fabric films showed a chemical attraction to formamide. The sorption properties of the microfiber fabrics were investigated using a real time testing device, and these tests showed that the sorption behavior was more influenced by the structure of the fibrous assembly than by any chemical attraction. The effect of the fabric density, specific weight, and sample structure on the sorption capacity and rate was examined for various organic solvents. The sorption capacity was influenced by the density and the specific weight of the fibrous assembly, and knitted fabric showed a higher sorption capacity than woven fabric. However, the sorption rate was less affected in lower viscosity solvents. On applying Poiseuille's Law, the lower viscosity solvents showed higher initial sorption rates, and more easily penetrated into the fibrous assembly.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.212-217
• /
• 2008

PVDF ($Kynar^{(R)}$ 761) nanofibers were made by electrospinning with an external voltage of 6-10 kV, a traveling distance of 7-15 cm and a flow rate of 0.4-1 mL/h. Although the mean diameter of the fibers has not changed significantly, the conditions affected the change in diameter distribution. This was attributed to interactions, both attraction and repulsion, between the positive charges on the polymer solutions and the electrically grounded collector. Higher voltages and traveling distance increased the level of attraction between the positive charge on the polymer solution and the electrically grounded collector, resulting in a narrow diameter distribution, In addition, a high flow rate allowed a high population of uniformly charged solutions to travel to the grounded collector, which resulted in a narrow diameter distribution. The optimum conditions for electrospinning of PVDF in DMAc/acetone (3/7 by wt) were a collector voltage of 6 kV, a syringe tip to collector of 7 cm, a flux rate of 0.4 mL/h and 10 kV, 10 cm, 1 mL/h, Since PVDF is widely used as a filtration membrane, it was electrospun on a PET support with a rotating drum as a grounded collector. Surprisingly, some straight nanofibers were separated from the randomly deposited nanofibers. The straight nanofiber area was transparent, while the randomly deposited nanofiber area was opaque. Both straight nanofibers and aligned nanotibers could be obtained by manipulating the PET drum collector. These phenomena were not observed when the support was changed to an Al sheet. This suggests that a pseudo dual collector was generated on the PET sheet. No negative charge was created because the PET sheet was not a conductive material. However, less charge was created when the sheet was not perfectly attached to the metal drum. Hence, the nanotibers jumped from one grounded site to the nearest one, yielding a straight nanofiber.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제46권10호
• /
• pp.107-117
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze customer attraction effects of restaurant promotion for kids. The questionnaires were distributed to 300 parents who have children under 12 years old and a total of 269 questionnaires were collected and used in analysis(usage rate 90.0%). The data was analyzed using SPSS 12.0 for descriptive analysis and paired t-test. The major results were as follows; First, customers mainly got information on coupon from mail. In case of premium and membership, the information was obtained when customers were visiting restaurants. Second, among the types of promotion for kids, coupon was mostly preferred by customers. 'Discount coupon' for the coupon, 'free gift' for the premium and 'pay-back' program for the membership were more preferable than other types of kids promotion. Third, A 'discount coupon' was more effective than 'free coupon'(p<.0l) in term of customer inducement. In case of premium, 'free gift' was more effective than 'lottery'(p<.05) and in case of membership, the customer attraction effect was not significantly different according to the types of membership. In case of coupon and membership, it was more effective in family restaurant than fastfood restaurant(p<.05), but the effect of premium was not significantly different in family vs fastfood restaurant. The results of the study revealed that 'coupon' was the most preferred type of promotion for kids and specifically customers preferred 'discount coupon', 'free gift' and 'pay-back program'.