• 비교문화연구
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• 제24권
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• pp.62-83
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• 2011

The totality of language learning comprises three integrated components: linguistic, cultural, and attitudinal (Wilkes, 1983).Positively sensitizing students to cultural phenomena is urgent and crucial. A positive attitude toward L2 culture is a factor in language learning that leads to cross cultural understanding. This research examined, through a survey analysis, how three groups of students (one high school group and two university student groups) viewed the role of their foreign culture (i.e., American and British cultures) in achieving cultural understanding. The focus was upon how EFL learners approach the target language culture as well as their own culture.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.49-65
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• 2023

최근 전세계적으로 환경에 대한 관심이 커지고, 국제사회가 '탄소중립'을 선언하면서 '탄소'를 고려한 다양한 수단선택모형 연구가 실시되고 있으나, 탄소에 대한 개인성향을 반영한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 탄소저감형 이동수단(전동킥보드 등)을 포함한 대중교통 서비스로 SPT(Sustainable Public Transit)라는 새로운 수단을 제시하고, 수도권 통근자를 대상으로 실시한 SP(Stated Preference)조사를 활용하여 요인분석을 통해 응답자의 탄소에 대한 개인성향을 분석한 후, 다항로짓모형을 활용하여 SPT에 대한 수단선택모형을 구축하였다. 분석 결과, SPT 잠재선호에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 성별, 소득, 개인성향('새로운경로 탐색에 대한 열정', '수단간 환승 선호', '탄소저감지식', '탄소저감실천') 변수가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구는 수단선택모형 구축시 수단의 속성변수로 탄소배출량을 선정하거나, 탄소저감과 관련한 개인성향 변수를 구축했다는 부분에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.805-812
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• 2009

The consumer acceptance of food is not only affected by the sensory characteristics of food but also by the non-food factors, including food experience, consumption frequency, and food attitudes. Therefore, food attitude scales such as the food neophobic scale, VARSEEK scale, Dutch restrained eating scale, health taste attitude scale, etc. have been developed and effectively used to predict consumer liking and behaviors. Since the globalization of Korean food is currently one of the hottest topics in the Korean food industry, the aim of this study was to identify the tastes and flavors that may represent Korean cuisine. Additionally, an attitudinal scale for Korean taste and flavors was developed, which can then be utilized to predict a consumer's liking of Korean food. In the first stage of the experiment, the representative taste and flavors of Korean cuisine was surveyed by a Korean culinary expert group (n=23) and general consumers (n=62). As a result of these surveys, 4 types of flavors, hot pepper flavor, 'goso' flavor, garlic flavor, and fermented flavor were shown to be the most representative flavors of Korean cuisine. Based on these results, the second stage of the experiment was carried out to develop an attitudinal scale for Korean style flavors. Eleven to 17 questionnaires were developed for each of the 4 types of flavors. The survey consisted of a total of 53 questionnaires and 154 female consumers and 158 male consumers participated in the survey. The data was analyzed by factor analysis. For each type of flavor, the final attitudinal questionnaires were selected based on the following criteria: 1. high absolute factor loading value, 2. carrying clear meaning of the corresponding flavor attitude, and 3. delivering the meaning sufficiently when translated into other language. The final Korean style flavor attitude scale consisted of 7 hot pepper flavor, 6 'goso' flavor, 6 garlic flavor, and 7 fermented flavor questionnaires. In the next step of this study, experiments will be carried out to validate the Korean style flavor attitude scale.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권6호통권59호
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• pp.990-998
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• 2005

The purpose of the study was to examine Korean elderly women's attitudes toward fashion and to determine formal jacket designs preferred by them. The subjects of the study were older than 50 years who will become aging population in 2014. For data collection, interview investigated 200 copies of questionnaire were collected, and available data used final analysis were 174 volumes. As the results of the principal components factor analysis, it revealed 4 attitudinal factors including cautious attitude, fashion-conscious attitude, ostentatious attitude, and easy-conscious attitude. The subjects divided into two groups, highly involved group and lowly involved group, for each factor. As the result of preference differences by the degree of each attitude, it revealed that the attitudes toward fashion products would significantly influence elderly women's jacket design preferences. The results of the study show that they are a diverse group whose consumer needs and wants vary dramatically and give initial information to assist designing appropriate formal jacket for elderly women.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.65-80
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• 1997

Korean-American and American adolescents' attitudes toward the elderly(OP Scale) and their perception on the generational difference(GN GAP) were compared to find whether there is a difference according to the race. Adolescents' perceived generational gap was considered to be one of the most influential factor affecting their attitudinal differences. Adolescents regardless of face showed a somewhat positive attitudes toward the elderly and they perceived generational gap a little positively. Adolescents' age and sex were found not to be related with their attitude toward the elderly and generational gap. For the Korean-Americans birth-order was negatively related to the generational gap perception. the quality of relationship with grandparents was the crucial factor influencing adolescents' perceptions on generational gap and their attitudes toward the elderly indirectly. Grandparents' health and age affected on the quality of relationship. Additionally adolescents' favorite g andparent was found to be maternal grandmother and their relation style and conflict areas were different according to the race.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2010

现有文献表明, 影响服务业顾客忠诚的最重要因素是服务质量. 然而, 在服务质量是直接还是间接影响顾客忠诚方面, 学者们的观点有着明显的分歧. 目前, 中国国内专门针对移动通信行业服务质量与顾客忠诚之间关系的文章较少. 此外, 以往相关文献多是将顾客忠诚作为一个整体变量进行研究, 没有进一步将其细分为多个维度. 基于此, 本文拟通过实证研究来探析移动通信业服务质量各维度与顾客忠诚各维度之间的直接和间接影响机理, 其中选择顾客满意作为二者关系的中介变量, 希望研究结论能给国内移动通信企业的服务管理提供有效的理论指导. 为了使搜集到的数据有效, 本次调研范围仅限于黑龙江哈尔滨市, 调查对象为移动通信公司的用户. 本次调研采取随机抽样的方式, 共发放问卷350份, 收回问卷325份, 回收率为 92.9%. 剔除无效问卷, 有效问卷为289份, 即有效回收率为82.6%. 本文借鉴国内外现有文献所使用的量表, 这些量表已经在实证研究中得到验证. 本文提出六个假设, 总体而言, 只有四个假设没有得到支持. 为了验证服务质量构成要素量表的合理性, 本文对289份有效样本进行探索性因子分析. 同样, 对顾客忠诚的维度进行检验. 本研究采用Cronbach's ${\alpha}$系数来评价量表的信度. 本研究从内容效度, 结构效度和聚合效度三方面对问卷进行效度检验. 本研究对数据和模型的拟合优度进行检验, 以提高假设检验的准确程度. 通过文献资料的收集, 整理及数据处理, 本文提出了服务质量五维度模型以及服务质量与顾客忠诚度之间相互关系模型, 通过实证分析验证了有形性, 可靠性, 反应性, 保证性和关怀性是服务质量的五个构成要素, 验证了PZB对于服务质量的SERVQUAL的测量方法, 研究了移动通信服务质量各维度对顾客忠诚各维度的直接影响机理, 以及服务质量各维度如何通过顾客满意这一中介变量对顾客忠诚各维度的间接影响机理, 建立了相应的关系模型,并运用结构方程分析方法,对模型进行实证检验, 得出如下研究结论: 第一, 移动通信服务质量由有形性, 可靠性, 响应性, 保证性和移情性五个要素构成, 顾客忠诚由态度忠诚和行为忠诚两个维度构成. 在PZB设计的SERVQUAL量表基础上, 本文针对移动通信行业设计了服务质量测量量表, 通过探索性因子分析得出五个因子. 这五个因子与五构成要素基本一致, 说明服务质量五要素概念适用于移动通信行业. 同样, 对顾客忠诚量表进行因子分析, 得出两个因子, 与本文中的态度忠诚和行为忠诚相一致. 第二, 移动通信服务质量对顾客忠诚存在直接和间接的正向影响作用. 其中, 服务质量对态度忠诚有直接和间接的正向作用, 间接作用是通过顾客满意这一中介变量影响的; 服务质量对行为忠诚有直接和间接的正向作用, 间接作用是通过顾客满意和态度忠诚这两个中介变量影响的. 这说明移动通信服务质量越好, 顾客的满意度越高, 其对服务提供商的态度就越积极, 在行为上就越容易表现出对服务提供商的忠诚. 而且, 服务质量各维度对顾客忠诚各维度的影响机理是不同的, 比如: 有形性对顾客满意有直接的正向作用, 但对顾客忠诚却没有显著的直接作用; 保证性对顾客满意没有显著的直接作用, 但对顾客忠诚有直接和间接的正向作用. 第三, 顾客满意在移动通信服务质量与态度忠诚, 行为忠诚之间的具有显著的中介作用, 这说明服务质量的提高可以增加顾客的满意度, 而满意的顾客更容易成为忠诚的顾客; 而态度忠诚在移动通信服务质量与行为忠诚之间的具有显著的中介作用, 这说明顾客行为上表现出忠诚可能是虚假忠诚, 只有态度和行为都忠诚的顾客才是真正的忠诚顾客. 本文的研究结论对中国及其它国家的电信运营商如何提升服务质量有一定的借鉴意义. 本文存在两方面的局限性: 首先, 本研究仅在黑龙江哈尔滨地区进行问卷调研, 针对移动公司用户, 统计数据会存在一定的抽样误差, 影响最终的统计分析结果. 第二, 本研究主要探讨了服务质量对顾客忠诚的影响关系, 并引入了顾客满意作为中介变量, 但没有考虑其他可能影响顾客忠诚的因素, 例如顾客价值, 消费者特征等.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.769-777
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• 2011

Anti-aging is one of the key words to have characterized Korean society, and Korean adults in their 40s and 50s are very interested in this word. In this study, their cognitive ages and body images which are expected to have been influenced by anti-ageing were determined and correlation between them was examined. A survey was conducted and 368 of 500 questionnaires were used in data analysis. Data were analyzed by descriptives, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple response analysis through SPSS 12.0. The results are as follows. First, the cognitive ages of Korean adults in their 40s and 50s showed to be 37.5 years old which are 9.1 years old younger than their average actual ages. Second, their attitudinal body images appeared to be composed of appearance orientation and appearance evaluation, and appearance orientation represented to be a little higher than appearance evaluation. In addition, it showed that the correlation between cognitive ages and the attitudinal body images was low and negative. Third, people in their 40s and 50s revealed to think good health and impression as ideal body images. It was found that they regarded a face as the most important body part for ideal body images and were sensitive of their weight. Forth, correlation between cognitive ages and variables of ideal body images was identified to be significant in 4 variables which are slender, shapely and slim figure and good body proportions. In conclusion, it was shown that Korean adults in their 40s and 50s recognized themselves to be 9.1 years old younger and, the younger they perceive themselves, the younger body images they want. Also, it could be confirmed that anti-ageing is a megatrend in Korean society.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Average intake of calcium among college students is below the recommended intake, and knowledge surrounding the attitudinal and behavioral factors that influence milk and dairy intake, a primary food source of calcium, is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate college students' attitudes and behaviors concerning milk and dairy consumption and their association with calcium intake. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Participants were 1,730 undergraduate students who completed an online survey (SurveyMonkey) as part of baseline data collection for a social marketing dairy campaign. The online survey assessed attitudes and behaviors concerning milk and dairy intake, and calcium intake. Questions about milk- and dairy-related attitudes and behaviors were grouped into 14 factors using factor analysis. Predictors of calcium intake were then evaluated. RESULTS: Median calcium intake across all participants was 928.6 mg/day, with males consuming higher calcium intakes than females (P < 0.001). Adjusted for gender, calcium intakes were most strongly (and positively) correlated with associating milk with specific eating occasions and availability (i.e., storing calcium-rich foods in one's dorm or apartment) (both P < 0.001). Other correlates of calcium intake included: positive-viewing milk as healthy (P = 0.039), having family members who drink milk) (P = 0.039), and taking calcium supplements (P = 0.056); and negative-parent rules concerning milk (P = 0.031) and viewing milk in dining halls negatively (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Calcium intakes among college students enrolled in the current study was below the recommended dietary allowance of 1,000 mg/day, reinforcing the need for dietary interventions in this target population, especially females. Practitioners and researchers should consider the factors found here to impact calcium intake, particularly associating milk with specific eating occasions (e.g., milk with breakfast) and having calcium-rich foods available in the dorm room or apartment, as intervention strategies in future efforts aimed at promoting milk and dairy foods and beverages for improved calcium intake in college students.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.26-43
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• 2011

본 연구는 지각된 서비스품질(음식속성, 서비스 속성, 메뉴속성, 분위기 속성)이 고객만족도와 향후기대수준을 통하여 궁극적으로 이용고객의 태도적 충성도와 행동적 충성도에 미치는 영향관계, 레스토랑유형(패밀리레스토랑, 패스트푸드점)에 따른 영향력의 차이를 살펴본 결과 첫째, 지각된 서비스품질인 음식속성, 서비스 속성, 메뉴속성, 분위기 속성은 고객만족도에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 미치는 영향력은 음식속성, 메뉴품질, 분위기 품질, 서비스 품질 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 지각된 서비스품질이 향후 기대수준에 미치는 영향관계를 살펴본 결과 음식속성만이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 고객만족도가 향후 기대수준에 영향을 미치고, 고객만족도가 충성도에 영향을 미치고 행동적 충성도 보다 태도적 충성도에 미치는 영향력이 더 크다. 넷째, 향후 기대수준이 충성도에 영향을 미치고 행동적 충성도 보다 태도적 충성도에 미치는 영향력이 더 크다. 다섯째, 외식산업의 유형(패밀리레스토랑, 패스트푸드)에 따라 서비스품질, 고객만족도, 향후 기대수준이 태도적 충성도, 행동적 충성도에 미치는 영향력의 차이를 살펴본 결과 고객만족도가 행동적 충성도에 미치는 영향력, 향후 기대수준과 태도적 충성도가 행동적 충성도에 미치는 영향력이 차이가 있음을 알 수 있다. 마케팅상의 시사점으로서 서비스제공자는 고객이 지각하는 서비스품질(음식속성, 서비스 속성, 메뉴속성, 분위기 속성)에 대해 고객보다 먼저 지각하고 있어야 한다. 그리고 서비스품질을 고객에게 전달함으로써 장기적인 관계를 수립하는 것이 곧 경영성과에 직결된다는점을 인식해야 한다. 또한 패밀리레스토랑과 패스트푸드점의 종사원 교육프로그램에 서비스품질에 관련한 내용을 포함한다는 것은 경영자의 측면에서 당연한 것으로 받아들여야 한다.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-33
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• 2008

초창기에 기업과 소비자간(B2C) 부분에 집중되었던 전자상거래에 대한 관심이 최근 기업과 기업간(B2B) 부문으로 이동하고 있으며 그 성장잠재력 측면에서 크게 주목을 받고 있다. B2B 전자상거래 부문에서도 가장 두드리진 움직임을 보이고 있는 거래유형이 바로 B2B e-마켓플레이스이다. e-마켓플레이스란 인터넷상에서 다수의 공급자와 수요자들이 대면하고 거래를 이를 수 있도록 해주는 가상의 시장의 의미한다. 인터넷을 기반으로 하는 마켓플레이스가 구매, 판매, 고객지원, 제품, 서비스 등을 위한 새로운 비즈니스의 장이 되고 있어 현재 다수의 기업들이 참여하고 있다. 기존의 기업 간 전자상거래가 중개자 없이 개별기업 차원에서 이용되었다면, 마켓플레이스는 다수의 공급자와 수요자들이 인터넷상에서 정보를 교환하고 거래를 수행함으로써 기업 간 거래방식에 상당한 영향을 미치고 있어 학계나 업계의 주요 관심사로 떠오르고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 B2B e-마켓플레이스 운영기업의 관점에서 e-마켓플레이스 참여기업의 신뢰 형성요인과 신뢰가 몰입에 미치는 영향에 대해 실증적으로 검증해 보고자 한다. 신뢰의 선행요인을 파악하기 위해 기존의 기업간 거래 관계 형성 요인 및 전자상거래 환경에서 신뢰의 중요성에 대한 연구 결과를 폭넓게 수용하여 인터넷을 기반으로 하는 B2B e-마켓플레이스 상황에 적합한 신뢰형성 요인으로 네트워크 외부성, 상호작용성, 공정성, 공유정보의 질 및 제도적 보장을 제시하였으며, 신뢰가 몰입의 두 차원 즉 태도적 몰입과 행동적 몰입에 미치는 영향에 대해 검토하였다. MRO e-마켓플레이스를 이용하고 있는 187개 참여기업을 대상으로 한 실증분석 결과, e-마켓플레이스 신뢰에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 네트워크 외부성, 상호작용성, 공정성 및 제도적 보장으로 나타났으나 공유정보의 질이 신뢰에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설은 채택되지 못하였다. 신뢰와 몰입간 관계에서 신뢰는 태도적 몰입과 행동적 몰입에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 태도적 몰입은 행동적 몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 실증분석 결과 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 e-마켓플레이스 운영기업이 감안해야 할 몇 가지 주요 관리적 시사점에 대해 논의하였다.