• 제목/요약/키워드: Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity

검색결과 371건 처리시간 0.021초

중등교사의 주의력 결핍.과잉 행동장애에 대한 지식, 대처 및 교육적 중재 (A Study on Middle School Teacher's Knowledge, Coping Strategies, and Educational Intervention for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)

  • 이정옥;서지민;김정순;전성숙
    • 한국학교보건학회지
    • /
    • 제17권2호
    • /
    • pp.35-46
    • /
    • 2004
  • Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence of middle school students with ADHD and the level of middle school teacher's knowledge, coping strategies, and educational intervention for ADHD. Methods: There were 185 teachers and 6,381 middle school students at the 6 middle schools in Pusan. The data was collected from December 20, 2003 to January 10, 2004. Results: 195 middle school students had ADHD (3.1%). The male students with ADHD made up 4.4% of the total students and the female students with ADHD totaled 1.3%. The mean score of middle school teacher's knowledge about ADHD was 21.86 of the score total 32. The teachers used a negative coping style less than an active and passive coping style. Of the educational interventions, the environmental intervention in the classroom was used more than the educational intervention activity. 61.1% of the teachers responded that they did not know very much about ADHD. 93.5% of the teachers had no educational experience with ADHD. 94.1% felt that they needed an education program about ADHD and over half of them intended to participate in an ADHD education program. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we concluded that the middle school teachers felt that they had insufficient knowledge about ADHD. They wanted the opportunity to increase their knowledge of ADHD. Therefore, it is necessary for educational programs about ADHD for teachers to be developed and made available to them.

유아의 부정적 정서성, 주의력 결핍 과잉행동 성향과 또래놀이 상호작용 관계에서 언어능력의 중재영향 (Moderating Effects of Language Abilities Associated with Emotionality, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Peer Play Interactions)

  • 이현정;이예진;신유림
    • Human Ecology Research
    • /
    • 제51권4호
    • /
    • pp.395-401
    • /
    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effects of language abilities associated with between emotionality, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and peer play interactions. Two hundred fifty-two participants were 3 year olds, with 136 boys and 116 girls. They were recruited from day care centers and preschools in Gyunggi province and Incheon city. Peer play interaction was assessed by the Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale (PIPPS). Emotionality was measured by Child Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ). ADHD was assessed by teacher ratings of ADHD syndrome. Language abilities were measured by Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (K-WPPSI). Teachers completed questionnaires to assess peer play interactions, emotionality, ADHD. The results revealed that language abilities moderated relationships between emotionality and play in isolation. The magnitude of associations between emotionality and play in isolation was greater for high levels of language abilities. Moreover, there were moderating effects of language abilities associated between ADHD and play disruptions. Although ADHD was significantly associated with play disruptions, the association was stronger at the higher levels than the low levels of language abilities. It can be deduced that language abilities of 3 year old children affects the protection factor between emotionality and peer play isolation; whilst, it affects the risk factor on peer play disruptions and ADHD propensity.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애와 스마트폰 중독, 우울, 불안, 자존감 (Smart-Phone Addiction, Depression/Anxiety, and Self-Esteem with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Korean Children)

  • 이효철;홍민하;오창근;심세훈;전연주;이석범;이경규;백기청;백혜순;임명호
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • /
    • 제26권3호
    • /
    • pp.159-164
    • /
    • 2015
  • Objectives : The current study investigated the risk of smartphone addiction among children and adolescents with or without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), risk of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem using the Smartphone Addiction Scale Proneness, Kovac's Children's Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, commonly used in clinical medicine. Methods : Ninety five students with ADHD who visited psychiatry outpatient clinics completed the questionnaire. At the same time, 592 middle and high school students living in a similar area regardless of ADHD diagnosis, completed the questionnaire as control subjects. Results : Overall, 40.0% of 95 ADHD and 12.8% of 592 control subjects were classified as the smartphone addiction proneness group, 26.3% of the ADHD subjects and 8.3% of the control group were classified as the depression group, and 32.6% of the ADHD subjects and 16.2% of the control group were classified as the anxiety group. Significant differences were observed between the two groups. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that ADHD subjects are more prone to smartphone addiction, becoming depressed or anxious than those in the control group. From this study, we could suggest that students with ADHD are more easily affected by smartphone addiction than normal control subjects. In addition, we might understand how some psychiatric problems like depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem are related to ADHD and smartphone addiction.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애의 진단 보조도구로 뉴로가이드와 IVA + Plus의 유용성에 관한 예비연구 (A Preliminary Evaluation of NeuroGuide and IVA + Plus as Diagnostic Tools for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)

  • 양정인;김소율;김영성;이재원
    • 생물정신의학
    • /
    • 제19권1호
    • /
    • pp.45-52
    • /
    • 2012
  • Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the usability of IVA + Plus (Continuous Performance Test) and Neuro-Guide [Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) normative database] as an auxiliary diagnostic tools for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods : The scores of IVA + Plus and resting EEG were obtained from 34 elementary school-aged children. Also, the Korean ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS) and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children version IV (DISC-IV) was done for the parent of them. From the result of the DISC-IV, we divided them into three groups, ADHD Not Otherwise Specified (NOS), and Normal Control (NC). Using NeuroGuide, the z-scores of relative power for delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), and beta (12-25 Hz) were calculated. Then the correlation and variance analysis were done to investigate the differences between three groups. Results : The scores of IVA + Plus were negatively correlated with the K-ARS. IVA + Plus have successfully discriminated the ADHD from NC and NOS. The z-scores of relative power of delta and theta were positively correlated with the K-ARS. The z-scores of relative power of alpha and beta were negatively correlated with the K-ARS. Conclusions : The IVA + Plus and NeuroGuide QEEG test are expected to be used as the valuable tools for diagnosing ADHD accurately.

읽기 장애 아동과 주의력 결핍/과잉 활동장애 아동의 인지적 특성 (COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN WITH DYSLEXIA AND/OR ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER)

  • 김승태;김지혜
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • /
    • 제7권2호
    • /
    • pp.224-232
    • /
    • 1996
  • 읽기 장애 아동, 주의력 결핍/과잉 활동 장애(이하 주의력 장애) 아동 및 읽기 장애와 주의력 장애를 함께 지니고 있는 혼합형 장애 아동의 인지적 특성을 조사하였다. 조사 대상은 읽기 장애 아동 16명, 주의력 장애 아동 26명, 혼합형 장애 아동 17명이었으며, 지능검사, 성취도 검사 및 주의력 검사를 포함하는 신경심리 검사를 실시하였다. 주의력 장애 아동과 혼합형 장애 아동은 Test of Variables of Attention(TOVA)의 변산성, 정반응 시간에서 읽기 장애 아동에 비하여 의미있는 비효율성을 나타내었으며, 읽기 장애 아동과 혼합형 장애 아동은 주의력 장애 아동에 비하여 문자 및 단어 읽기 과제, 단어 재인 과제 및 문장 이해력을 측정하는 과제에서 두드러진 비효율성을 나타내었다. 지능검사에서 언어성 지능과 동작성 지능의 차이를 비교한 결과, 읽기 장애 집단과 혼합형 집단은 주의력 장애 집단에 비하여 언어성 지능이 의미있게 저하되어 있었다. 지능검사 소검사 중 읽기 장애 집단과 주의력 장애 집단사이에 의미있는 차이가 나타난 것은 상식 소검사뿐이었다. 수자 소검사에서는 혼합형 집단만 의미하는 저하를 나타내었다. 혼합형 장애 집단은 저기 장애와 주의력 장애의 인지적 결함이 모두 나타났을 뿐 아니라 수행효율이 전반적으로 낮았다. 각 검사의 진단 유용성을 살펴보기 위한 판별 분석에서는 2개의 판별함수가 도출되었다 함수 1은 주의력 장애 집단과 나머지 두 집단을 의미있게 판별해 주었으며, 함수 2는 혼합형 집단과 나머지 두 집단을 판별해 주었다. 판별 정확율은 93.88%였다.

  • PDF

만5세 유아의 주의력결핍과잉행동장애(ADHD) 출현과 어머니-교사, 교사-교사간 평정일치 (Prevalence of ADHD in 5-Year Old Children Based on Comparative Assessment of ADHD Rating Scale Estimation between Mother-Teacher and Teacher-Teacher)

  • 제경숙
    • 대한가정학회지
    • /
    • 제47권7호
    • /
    • pp.117-128
    • /
    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ADHD based on estimation of ADHD rating scale between mother-teacher and teacher-teacher. In total, 491 mothers and 23 teachers rated 689 5-year-old children on the K-ADHDDS. Descriptive statistics, in addition to independent and paired samples t-test were performed. Overall, the percentages of children with ADHD on the rating scale were 3% in combined type, 7.1-8.6% in predominately hyperactive-impulsive type, and 4.2% in predominately inattentive type. Boys tended to show greater tendency of ADHD than girls’: Overall, ADHD tendency in boys was 1.3 times greater than girls. Specially, 2.3 times more for hyperactivity, 1.4 times more for impulsivity, and 3.4 more for inattention. The correlation between mothers’ and teachers’ ratings were .35 for total, .40 for hyperactivity, .24 for impulsivity, and .28 for inattention, and there were no significant differences. Alternatively teacher and teacher ratings were .71 for total, .70 for hyperactivity, .70 for impulsivity, and .67 for inattention, and there were significant differences in inattention subscale(p < .01).

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 환아 보호자의 삶의 질과 관련요인 (Quality of Life and Related Factors in Caregivers of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Patients)

  • 정종현;홍승철;한진희;이성필
    • 정신신체의학
    • /
    • 제13권2호
    • /
    • pp.102-111
    • /
    • 2005
  • 목적: 질병이 환자에 끼치는 주관적인 영향을 반영하고, 환자의 전반적인 경과와 예후를 나타내는 지표로써 삶의 질 개념이 널리 사용되고 있다. 이때 질병은 환자 자신뿐만 아니라 가족들의 삶에도 상당한 영향을 미치게 되고, 특히 아동이 질병에 이환 되었을 경우 이러한 영향은 더욱 커지리라고 생각된다. 이에 주의력결핍 과잉 행동장애 환아의 보호자를 대상으로 삶의 질의 정도를 알아보고, 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 다른 요인은 무엇인지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: DSM-IV 진단기준에 의해 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애로 진단된 아동 38명의 보호자를 대상으로 하였고, 나이와 성별을 맞춘 정상아동 16명의 보호자를 건강대조군으로 하였다. 환아 보호자군과 건강대조군에 대하여 자체 제작한 사회인구학적인 변인에 대한 설문지, 한국판 세계보건기구 삶의 질 간편형 척도(WHOQOL-BREF)를 사용하여 각각 변인의 차이를 비교하였다. 결과: 1) 한국판 WHOQOL-BREF 척도에서 전체 삶의 질 총점과 전반적인 삶의 질, 척도내의 4개의 영역인 신체적 건강 영역, 심리적 영역, 사회적 관계 영역, 환경영역에서 환아 보호자군과 대조군에서 의미 있는 차이는 없었으나, 신체적 건강 영역의 하부척도인 일상생활수행능력 척도$(3.0{\pm}0.7\;vs.\;3.6{\pm}0.7)(p=0.008)$와 심리적 영역에 해당되는 자존감척도$(2.8{\pm}0.7\;vs.\;3.3{\pm}0.7)(p=0.049)$에서 유의하게 감소되어 있었다. 2) 전체 삶의 질 총점은 교육년수가 길수록 높았다(r=0.437, p=0.007). 3) 신체적 건강 영역 (영역 1)은 교육년수가 길수록 높은 점수를 보였고(r=0.370, p=0.024), 하부 척도 중에서는 수면과 휴식 척도가 교육연수와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.429, p=0.008). 4) 심리적 영역(영역 2)과 관련 있는 요인은 없었으나, 하부 척도인 긍정적사고 척도는 교육년수가 길수록 점수가 높았으며 (r=0.346, p=0.036), 자존감 척도(r=-0.337, p=0.039)와 사고 학습 기억능력 척도(r=-.341, p=0.036)는 보호자의 나이가 많을수록 점수가 낮았다. 5) 사회적 관계 영역(영역 3)과 관련 있는 요인은 없었으나, 하부척도 중 성적활동 척도는 교육년수가 길수록 높은 점수를 보이고 있었다(r=0.344, p=0.037). 6) 환경 영역(영역 4)은 교육년수가 길수록 점수가 높았지만(r=0.482, p=0.003), 환아의 나이가 많을수록 낮은 삶의 질 수준을 보고하였다(r=0.328, p=0.044). 한편 하부 척도 중에서는 신체적 안전 척도(r=-0.414, p=0.010), 거주환경 척도(r=-0.429, p=0.007), 새로운 정보나 기술의 취득 척도(r=-0.382, p=0.018), 의료서비스 및 사회보장서비스 척도(r=-0.351, p=0.031)가 환아의 나이와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며, 신체적 안전척도는 보호자의 나이가 많을수록 삶의 질이 낮음을 보고하였다(r=-403, p=0.012). 한편, 새로운 정보나 기술의 취득척도(r=0.406, p=0.013), 여가활동 척도(r=0.464, p=0.004), 교통 척도(r=0.363, p=0.027)은 교육연수가 길수록 높은 점수를 보고하였다. 결론: 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 환아의 보호자가 느끼는 주관적인 삶의 질은 건강대조군에 비해 나쁘지 않았다. 그러나 환아의 나이가 많을수록, 보호자의 교육연수가 낮을수록 스스로 느끼는 삶의 질의정도가 낮았으므로 이에 대한 관심이 필요할 것이다.

  • PDF

한국에서의 학습장애 아동에 대한 예비적 연구 - 종합병원 학습장애 특수 클리닉 내원 아동을 중심으로 - (A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISORDER IN KOREA)

  • 김승태;김지혜;홍성도;정유숙
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • /
    • 제7권2호
    • /
    • pp.247-257
    • /
    • 1996
  • 본 연구는 삼성의료원 소아정신과 학습장애 특수 클리닉에 내원한 학습부진 아동을 대상으로 학습부진의 원인이 되는 장애와 학습부진 아동에서 학습장애의 유병율을 알아보고자 하였다 이들은 $6{\sim}15$세 사이의 197명으로 구성되었으며 결과는 아래와 같았다. 1) 대상군중 우울증등의 정서장애가 33%로 가장 많았으며 주의력결핍 과잉황동장애가 31%로 두번째의 빈도를 나타내었다. 2) 대상군중 학습장애 환아는 41명으로 20.8%의 빈도율을 보였다. 3) 학습장애의 공존병리중 주의력결핍 과잉활동장애가 44%로 가장 높은 빈도를 나타내었다. 4) 주의력결핍 과잉활동장애가 공존하는 학습장애군과 학습장애만 있는 군에서는 성별이나 연령차이, 지능차이는 없었으며 뇌파의 이상 소견에 대해서도 차이가 없었다. 그러나 주의력결핍 과잉활동장애가 없는 단독 학습장애군은 주의력결핍 과잉활동장애가 공존하는 학습장애군보다 더 늦은 나이에 발병하였고 학업성취도 면에서 우수하였는데 특히 국어, 수학, 사회, 음악 과목에서 격차가 컸다.

  • PDF

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 한국형 치료 권고안(IV) - 비약물 치료 - (The Korean Practice Parameter for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(IV) - Non-Pharmacologic Treatment -)

  • 김붕년;유한익;강화연;김지훈;신동원;안동현;양수진;유희정;천근아;홍현주
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • /
    • 제18권1호
    • /
    • pp.26-30
    • /
    • 2007
  • This practice parameter for non-pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) review the domestic and international literature on the psychosocial treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD. This parameter include the parental training & education, cognitive behavior therapy(group or individual), social skill training, family therapy, play therapy (individual psychotherapy) and non-traditional therapy (art therapy, herbal therapy et al). Among them, there is some proven evidence only in parental training & education and cognitive behavior therapy. So, this parameter describes some details only in the field of parental training & education and cognitive behavior therapy. The efficacy or effectiveness, especially, cost-effectiveness of specific psychosocial treatment method for ADHD cannot be fairly assessed due to the scarcity of controlled clinical data. Based on the clinical expert consensus and limited evidence, we cautiously suggest the practice recommendations about the non-pharmacological psychosocial treatment fur children and adolescents with ADHD.

  • PDF

ADHD 학생의 동네환경과 특별활동의 경험에 대한 비교연구 (Comparative Study on the Perception of the Neighborhood Environment and Experience of Out-of-School Activities between Typical Students and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Patients)

  • 이재영;최범성;강동묵;김지훈
    • 생물정신의학
    • /
    • 제25권3호
    • /
    • pp.53-59
    • /
    • 2018
  • Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences between a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group and a general student group in terms of the perception of the residential environment and periodic activities outside the classroom. Methods The patient group consisted of 62 outpatients or inpatients at the Department of Pediatric Psychiatry, and 49 patients diagnosed with ADHD were selected. For the control group, 3727 youths in elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools of one city were asked to fill out questionnaires. Of the 1717 respondents who responded to the questionnaires, 245 were selected for a patient-controlled study. The differences between the patient group and the control group were compared using the chi-squared test (${\chi}^2$ test). Results There was a significant difference between the patient group and the control group in areas where students responded by "My neighborhood is dirty and littered (p < 0.05)". There was also a significant difference between the patient group and the control group in terms of having more than one club activity per month (p < 0.05). Conclusions It was found that the patients with ADHD are more aware of perceived negative aspects of the area in which they reside, thus reflecting their anxiety. In addition, it was also found that the patient group did not partake in as many social activities as the control group.

  • PDF