• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.451-459
• /
• 2024

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is an upstream signaling molecule in oxidative stress-induced responses. Because oxidative stress is involved in asthma pathogenesis, ASK1 gene deficiency was investigated in animal models of allergic asthma. However, there is no study to investigate whether ASK1 inhibitors could be applied for asthma to date. Selonsertib, a potent and selective ASK1 inhibitor, was applied to BALB/c mice of an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma model. Selonsertib suppressed antigen-induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 mast cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The administration of selonsertib both before OVA sensitization and OVA challenge significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, and suppressed eosinophil numbers and inflammatory cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histopathologic examination elucidated less inflammatory responses and reduced mucin-producing cells around the peribronchial regions of the lungs. Selonsertib also suppressed the IgE levels in serum and the protein levels of IL-13 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These results suggest that selonsertib may ameliorate allergic asthma by suppressing immune responses and be applicable to allergic asthma.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.78-78
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to discover functional materials derived from resources, which can improve the troublesome symptoms of a bronchus by improving bronchial hyperresponsiveness as air pollution in Korea caused by fine dust and yellow dust is getting worse. Of natural resources grown naturally in Korea, Chrysanthemum morifolium(CM), and Scutellaria baicalensis(SB) have been used as a safe raw material for drinking or medicine for a long time, and it has been found that a combination of CS73 can improve bronchial health function in experimental animal models. Analysis of serum of animal models with asthma induced by ovalbumin (chicken egg albumin) and analysis of cytokine production in BALF (Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) showed that inflammatory indices IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-17E were significantly reduced and that respective production of IL-2 and IFN-γ was significantly increased in the group taking extracts from CS73 when compared with the control group. These results suggested that the combination of CS73 could be used as a natural treatment for asthma. In addition, in the animal models that the combination of CS73 significantly decreased the respective production of IgE, histamine and TSLP when compared with the control group. In experimental models, the ratio of Chrysanthemum morifolium to Scutellaria baicalensis of 7 : 3 had more excellent effect than other combined experimental groups, which suggests that the above combination can be developed as a natural treatment for asthma and is valuable as a pharmaceutical composition with an effect of improving bronchial health, capable of contributing to the public health threatened by fine dust.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.73-86
• /
• 1994

In addition to classic cholinergic and adrenergic pathways, the existence of a third division of autonomic control in the human airways has been proved. It is called a nonadrenergic noncholinergic(NANC) nervous system, and difficult to study in the absence of specific blockers. Neuropeptides are certainly suggested to be transmitters of this NANC nervous system. It is very frustrating to understand the pathophysiologic role of these peptides in the absence of any specific antagonists. However, further studies of neuropeptides might eventually lead to novel forms of treatment for bronchial asthma. Another study of the interaction between different components of the autonomic nervous system, either in ganglionic neurotransmission or by presynaptic modulation of neurotransmitters at the end-organ will elute neural control in airway disease, particularly in asthma. Studies of how autonomic control may be disordered in airway disease should lead to improvements in clinical management. Epithelial damage due to airway inflammation in asthma may induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Axon reflex mechanism is one of possible mechanisms in bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Epithelial damage may expose sensory nerve terminals and C-fiber nrve endings are stimulated by inflammatory mediators. Bi-directional communication between the nerves and mast cells may have important roles in allergic process. The psychological factors and conditioning of allergic reactions is suggested that mast cell activation might be partly regulated by the central nervous system via the peripheral nerves. Studies in animal models, in huamn airways in vitro and in patients with airway disease will uncover the interaction between allergic disease processes and psychologic factors or neural mechainsms.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제54권11호
• /
• pp.456-462
• /
• 2011

Purpose: Synthesis of regulated on activation, normal T-cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) in the airway has previously been shown to be elevated after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. However, since few studies have examined whether RSV-infected asthma patients express a higher level of RANTES than do normal individuals, we used a murine model of asthma to address this question. Methods: We prepared Dermatophagoides farinae-sensitized mice as an asthma model, and then infected them with RSV and analyzed the changes in airway responsiveness and the cell populations and cytokine levels of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Results: RANTES synthesis increased in response to RSV infection in both control mice and in asthma model (D. farinae) mice. However, there was no significant difference in the amount of RANTES produced following RSV infection between control and D. farinae mice. RSV infection affected neither interferon-${\gamma}$ synthesis nor airway responsiveness in either control or D. farinae mice. Conclusion: RSV infection did not induce more RANTES in a murine model of asthma than in control mice.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.418-438
• /
• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to review the effects of herbal medicine on respiratory diseases induced by the treatment of particulate matter in in vivo animal models. Methods: Literature searches were performed in seven databases (Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, KISS, KTKP, OASIS, and ScienceON). After the searched studies were screened based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the publication date, origin, used animals, induction of particulate matter models, herbal medicine used for intervention, study design, outcome measure, and results of studies were analyzed. Results: Among a total of 972 studies primarily searched, 34 studies were finally included in our study. Of this number, 29 studies induced animal models by using only particulate matter, and 5 studies induced animal models with respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, by using particulate matter and other materials. In the selected studies, the treatments of herbal medicine in particulate matter models suppressed oxidative stress and inflammation in lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and blood as well as lung injury in histological analysis. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that herbal medicine is effective in treating respiratory diseases induced by particulate matter. These results are also expected to be useful data for designing further studies. However, more systematically designed in vivo studies related to particulate matter are needed.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.495-500
• /
• 2006

항산화물에 의한 천식 억제 효과를 확인하기 위하여 항산화정도를 알아볼 수 있는 DPPH, FRAP, hydroxyl radical 소거활성 실험을 high throughput-compatible chemical assay로 디자인하여 해바라기씨 추출물에 적용하여 보았다. 해바라기씨 추출물의 용매에 따른 항산화 효과 중 $H_2O_2$에 의한 산화스트레스에 의한 세포사멸을 DW추출물에서 강한 억제능력을 보였다. 이를 이용하여 마우스를 이용한 천식 동물모델에 적용하여 탁월한 천식 억제효과를 $CD4^+$세포, IL-4와 IL-13의 발현정도를 통해 알수 있었다. 해바라기씨 추출물은 천식에 탁월한 효과가 있는 것으로 in vitro 및 in vivo 실험으로 증명하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 1998

연구배경: 기관지 천식은 다양한 원인에 대한 기도 협착과 과민 반응을 특정으로 하는 기도 질환으로, 그 병인에 대한 연구를 임상적으로 시행하는 데에는 한계가 있어, 동물 천식 모형을 이용한 연구가 필요하다. 동물에서의 기도 저항의 측정은 주로 마취나 삽관 상태에서 침습적으로 측정되었으나, 최근 비침습적으로 의식이 있는 상태에서 일상호흡 중의 specific 기도 저항을 측정하는 방법들이 고안되었다. 이에 저자들은 기니픽에 allergen인 ovalbumin을 피하 주사하여 감작시킨 후, 의식이 있는 상태에서 ovalbumin과 methacholine을 각각 흡입시켜, 비침습적인 방법으로 specific 기도 저항을 측정함으로써 즉시형 기관지 수축 정도와 methacholine에 대한 기도 과민성의 변화를 연구하여 동물 천식 모형을 만들고자 하였다. 연구방법: 기니픽 30마리를 천식군 20마리, 대조군 10마리로 나누어, 천식군에서는 ovalbumin을 피하 주사하여 감작시킨 후, ovalbumin을 흡입(1% wt/vo1)으로 노출시켰고, 대조군은 생리 식염수를 동일한 방법으로 감작, 노출시켰다. specific 기도 저항(airway resistance $\times$ thoracic gas volume)은 의식이 있는 상태에서 비침습적으로 동물 body plethysmography를 사용하여, Pennock법으로 allergen 노출 3분전부터, 노출후 27분까지 3분 간격으로 30분간 측정하였다. Methacholine은 지속적으로 2배씩 농도를 증가하여, 각 농도에 대하여 3분 간격으로 흡입시킨 후, 통일한 방법으로 specific 기도 저항을 측정하여 기도 저항이 200% 이상 증가될 때의 methacholine 농도 ($EC_{200}R_L$)를 구하였다. 결 과: 천식군 20마리 중 65%인 13마리에서 ovalbumin 흡입에 대한 specific 기도 저항이 3분부터 증가하여 6분에 231.5%로 최고를 보이고 실험 측정 종료까지인 30분까지 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 증가된 상태로 지속되어 (p<0.001), 천식 모형이 형성되었다. Methacholine에 대한 기관지 과민 반응은 $EC_{200}R_L$가 대조군에서 평균 $0.446{\pm}0.287mg/ml$, 기하평균 $-1.429{\pm}0.976$였고, 천식군에서 형성된 천식 모형에서의 평균은 $0.149{\pm}0.075mg/ml$, 기하평균 $-2.923{\pm}0.760$으로 천식 모형에 있어서 methacholine에 대한 기관지 과민 반응이 대조군에서보다 2 배 높았다(p<0.0013).

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.253-258
• /
• 2009

This study investigated the effects of mycelium and culture supernatant of Cordyceps ochraceostromat(Co) on air way hyper-responsiveness, pulmonary immune cell infiltration, and Th2 cytokine expression in animal models of atopy and asthma. After ConA(+/-) activation of mouse primary spleen cells, decreased IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine production were seen in the presence of Co mycelium extracts and culture supernatant. The asthma model involved mice sensitized to ovalbumin by i.p. injection treatment; Co mycelium extract was also injected. The atopy model was the dinitrofenylbenzene-treated mouse ear. Ear thicken ing induced by DNFB was decreased by Co mycelium extract, and the extract also inhibited lung cell infiltration in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mice. The results thus indicated that the Co mycelial extract reduced the undesirable immune responses seen in asthma and atopy.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.287-297
• /
• 2020

Background: Type II diabetes is considered as one of the common diseases. Bangpungtongseongsan (BPS) has been used as a traditional medicine for treating obesity and hypertension in Korea. According to previous reports, it has anti-obesity, anti-chronic asthma, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of BPS on type II diabetes have not yet been elucidated. Thus, in this sutudy, we evaluated the water extracts of BPS using type II diabetes animal models. Methods and Results: Each group was orally administered with BPS (170, 850 and 1,700 mg/kg) for approximately 13 weeks. A mixture of 150 mg/kg metformin and 10 mg/kg sitagliptin (MS) was used as a positive control. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose levels, and hematological parameters including blood urine nitrogen, creatinine, low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol, were measured using blood samples. Treatment with 170 mg/kg BPS decreased the HbA1c and glucose levels in blood without affecting the weights of the animals. However, threatment with 1,700 mg/kg BPS reduced the weights and fatty liver, and increased the blood glucose level in type II diabetes animal models Conclusions: These results indicate that a low dose of BPS for 13 weeks, which reduces HbA1c and blood glucose levels, could be used for the treatment of type II diabetes. However, further studies are required to elucidate how active ingredients of BPS influence HbA1c and glucose levels in blood.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.47.1-47.13
• /
• 2020

Tetracyclines, which have long been used as broad-spectrum antibiotics, also exhibit a variety of nonantibiotic activities including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Tetracyclines bind to the 30S ribosome of the bacteria and inhibit protein synthesis. Unlike antimicrobial activity, the primary molecular target for the nonantibiotic activity of tetracycline remains to be clarified. Nonetheless, the therapeutic efficacies of tetracyclines, particularly minocycline and doxycycline, have been demonstrated in various animal models of autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. In this study, we summarized the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of tetracyclines, focusing on the mechanisms underlying these activities. In addition, we highlighted the on-going or completed clinical trials with reported outcomes.