• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a new method to select colors representing the meaning of text contents based on the cognitive relation between words and colors, Our method is designed on the previous study revealing the existence of crucial words to estimate the colors associated with the meaning of text contents, Using the associative probability of each color with a given word and the strength of color association of the word, we estimate the probability of colors associated with a given text. The goal of this study is to propose a system to recommend the cognitively plausible colors for the meaning of the input text. To build a versatile and efficient database used by our system, two psychological experiments were conducted by using news site articles. In experiment 1, we collected 498 words which were chosen by the participants as having the strong association with color. Subsequently, we investigated which color was associated with each word in experiment 2. In addition to those data, we employed the estimated values of the strength of color association and the colors associated with the words included in a very large corpus of newspapers (approximately 130,000 words) based on the similarity between the words obtained by Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). Therefore our method allows us to select colors for a large variety of words or sentences. Finally, we verified that our system cognitively succeeded in proposing the colors associated with the meaning of the input text, comparing the correct colors answered by participants with the estimated colors by our method. Our system is expected to be of use in various types of situations such as the data visualization, the information retrieval, the art or web pages design, and so on.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2010

인간은 어떤 정보를 기억하려 노력하더라도, 시간이 지남에 따라 그 정보의 대부분을 잊어버린다. 반면에 인간은 사진을 보며 대부분 잊혀진 과거의 기억을 떠올릴 뿐만 아니라, 사진 속에 존재하는 특정 물체로부터 여러 단어들을 연상한 뒤, 그 연상된 단어로부터 새로운 기억을 떠올리곤 한다. 또한 이렇게 떠올린 기억으로 그 당시의 감성을 느끼기도 한다. 따라서 본 논문은 소셜 네트워크 서비스에 업로드된 사진들과 개인의 연상 단어 사전을 활용하여 사용자의 과거 회상에 도움이 되는 증강 기억 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템에서 사용자가 특정 사진 속에 존재하는 물체를 선택하면, 그 물체와 관련된 연상 단어가 사용자에게 제공된다. 만일 사용자가 연상 단어중 하나를 선택하면, 제안하는 시스템은 해당 단어의 물체를 포함하는 다른 사진들의 목록을 사용자에게 제공함으로써, 사용자의 기억 회상을 돕고 감성을 자극할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 시스템은 소셜 네트워크 서비스에서 보다 다양한 콘텐츠를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대 된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2007

Analogy in problem solving is similarity-based reasoning facilitated by verbal and visual operation. This similarity-based reasoning generally supports initial phase of idea search. Therefore, this study intends to infer the types of problem solving by tracing the analogy use of verbal and visual representation through a experimental research. According to the result of this research, the types of problem solving by analogy are classified into 'evolving', 'divergent', and 'poor conversion' type. Firstly, 'evolving type' is distinguished between 'combination type' associated different contents to develope a new design and 'transformation type' associated similar words and sketches to be continuously revised and developed. In these types usually structural analogy rather than surface analogy is used. Secondly, in 'divergent type' associated words or sketches are individually represented, and among them one design solution is selected. In this type usually surface analogy is used. Thirdly, in 'poor conversion type' interaction between verbal representation and visual representation does not go on smoothly, and the generation of idea is poor. In here surface analogy is mostly used. These findings could form the basis of skill development of idea generation and conversion in design education.

• 인지과학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.17-39
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• 2008

오기억(false memory) 연구에 필요한 한국어 단어 연상 목록을 작성하기 위해 대학생과 초등학생을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 비연속적 자유연상 기법을 이용하여 각 단어들에 대한 연상단어와 연상 강도, 총 연상단어 수에 대한 세트 크기 비율을 집단별로 산출해서 질적, 양적 차이가 있는지를 비교하였다. 각 단어마다 연상 강도가 매우 높은 연상단어들은 두 집단 간 같거나 비슷한 반면 연상 강도가 낮아질수록 두 집단에서 연상된 단어들이 다양했다. 대학생 집단이 초등학생 집단보다 세트 크기 비율이 더 컸다. 이 결과는 대학생이 초등학생보다 더 전형적이고 수렴된 의미망을 형성한다는 것을 시사한다. 본 자료는 오기억 연구뿐 아니라 연상 단어를 이용해 인지적 기제를 밝히려는 연구들을 위해 유용한 기초자료를 제공해 줄 수 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2008

Functional MRI technique was used in this study for examining the language switching mechanisms between the first language (L1) and the second language (L2). Language switching mechanism is regarded as a complex task that involves an interaction between L1 and L2. The aim of study is to find out the brain activation patterns during the phonological process of reading real English words and English words written in Korean characters in a bilingual person. Korean-English bilingual subjects were examined while they covertly read four types of words native Korean words, Korean words of a foreign origin, English words written in Korean characters, and English words. The fMRI results reveal that the left hemispheric language-related regions at the brain, such as the left inferior frontal, superior temporal, and parietal cortices, have a greater response to the presentation of English words written in Korean characters than for the other types of words, in addition, a slight difference was observed in the occipital-temporal lobe. These results suggest that a change in the brain circuitry underlying the relational processes of language switching is mainly associated with general executive processing system in the left prefrontal cortex rather than with a similarity-based processing system in the occipital-temporal lobes.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2018

Social network service (SNS) data related to green tourism were used to estimate preferred tour sites and users' interests. Keywords related with green tour activities were employed to search the SNS data. SNS data were collected from Korean blogs such as Naver and Daum from June $1^{st}$ to August $31^{st}$ between 2015 and 2017 using text-mining solution. During the study period, seven hundred and five posts were analyzed. Associated words that frequently co-occurred with keywords were classified into different categories depending on the nature of associated words. Associated words included swimming pools and camping sites (location); experience and swimming pools (attribute); and water play and culture (culture/leisure). Our data suggest that SNS users with experience of green tourism in Korea exhibited interest in green tourism with swimming pools, camping sites, experience, water play and/or culture rather than particular popular sites. Based on the findings, it is recommended that preferred facilities such as swimming pools should be provided at green tourism sites to meet the users' needs and to facilitate green tourism.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.161-179
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• 2012

The aims of this study are to investigate the environmental perception of elementary school students through picture drawing and associated words about environment, and analyze whether there are differences in the environmental perception according to living places and grades. The drawing of 230 students are analysed and categorized into the criteria. The results are as follows: a number of students realized as images associated with natural environment for words related to environment. In the pictures of the 'positive environment', expression frequencies of natural environment and living things were higher than ones of artificial environment and non-living things. On the other hand, there were many pictures expressed as pollutions of waste, air and water in the pictures of the 'negative environment'. Comparison of environmental perception between rural and urban students showed a significant difference all in the two criteria. There was, however, no difference in the environmental perception between grades. Therefore, it is suggested that student's minds about the sentimental situation can be studied and they can be guided in positive directions to lead their future life in environment-friendly education rather than pollution education.

• 인지과학
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• 제11권3_4호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2000

즉각적 재인 기억과 지연 재인 기억이 사건관련전위에 미치는 영향을 연속재인 과제를 사용하여 조사하였다. 240개의 자극 단어 중에서 100개는 즉각적으로 반복제시되었고 100개는 5개의 간섭 단어 후에 지연 반복제시되었으며 40개는 반복제시되지 않았다 .반복제시된 단어 중 처음 제시된 경우와 전혀 반복제시 되지 않은 단어를 새로운 단어로이름하였다. 새로운 단어와 지연 반복제시된 단어에 비해 즉각적으로 반복제시된 단어에 대한 반응시간이 유의하게 빨랐고, 재인정확율도 높았다. 사건관련전위를 분석한 결과 즉각적 반복제시 단어에서는 P300의 진폭이 감소하였고 잠복기가 짧았던 반면 지연 반복제시 단어에서는 P300의 진폭이 감소하였고 잠복기가 길었다. 그리고 즉각적 반복제시 단어에서는 N400이 관찰되지 않은 반면 새로운 단어와 자연 반복제시 단어에서는 N400이 관찰되었다. 자극제시 조건에 따른 사건관련전위는 자극 제시 310ms이후부터 서로 다른 양상을 보이기 시작하였다. 본 연구 결과는 즉각적 재인 기억과 지연 재인기억이 서로 분리될 있다는 것, 다시 말하면 서로 다른 대뇌 기전에 근거하고 있을 가능성이 높다는 것을 시사한다. 단어에 대한 즉각적 및 지연 재인을 형판 비교와 기억 탐색의 관점에서의 논의하였다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.995-1000
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• 2014

This study, using the free language association method, examined the characteristics of emotional words of respondents who were exposed to facial photos of women in 60s, and favorableness and favorable styles of them. To analyze mood characteristics on the faces, they were divided into positive mood words and negative mood words. Following previous researches, they were divided into introversion, extraversion, and ambiversion. It was found that the proportion of positive emotional words respondents used was 37%, and that of negative ones was 63%, demonstrating that respondents are more likely than not to get the negative impressions from the faces of their contemporaries. The characteristics of the words consists of 38% introversion, 47% extraversion, and 14% ambiversion. And, respondents used the words like 'beautiful' and 'good-looking' to the stimuli to which they felt favorable, and 'ill-tempered' and 'stubborn' to the stimuli to which they felt unfavorable. Third, the most favorable style to both male and female respondents in 60s were sentimental and good-mannered. They generally favor women who are soft and caring, and dislike talkative, snobbish, and thick make-up women. The analysis results in this paper may help image making and personal relations. Further study needs to expand the survey area to ensure more significant influence on the social life and interpersonal relationship of senior citizens.

• 인지과학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.449-467
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• 2011

본 연구는 동시과제의 처리적절성이 미래계획기억의 수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 고안되었다. 동시과제와 미래기억과제 간의 처리적절성을 동시과제 단어목록 유형과 미래기억과제 목표단어들의 범주를 통해 조작하였다. 동시과제의 단어목록은 의미연합 목록과 모양연합 목록으로 구성되었으며, 미래기억과제 목표단어들은 의미처리를 중심으로 기억할 수 있는 단어들과 글자모양 중심으로 기억할 수 있는 단어들로 구성되었다. 과제처리적 절성 이론에 따라서, 동시과제의 연합차원이 미래계획기억과제의 연합차원과 동일할 때에, 미래계획기억의 수행이 좋을 것으로 예상하였다. 총 50명의 참가자들이 두 개의 실험에 참가하였다. 실험 결과, 미래계획기억과제의 수행은 동시과제와 미래계획기억과제의 연합차원이 같을 때에 좋게 나타났다. 또한 미래계획기억 목표단어와 동시과제의 처리적절성이 높은목록에 대해 동시과제의 목록 재인율도 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기존의 과제처리적절성 이론의 최근 연구 결과들에 비추어 논의되었다.