• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.272-279
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• 2007

Recently, train control system is adopting computer system replacing mechanical system and its software is taking more responsibility than ever. Train control system software is a safety-critical embedded software with realtime and high reliability requirements. In this paper, we propose a safety assessment method for the train control system software. We review characteristics of train control system software and analyze related international software safety standards to derive requirements for safety assessment. Testing tools used for embedded software are surveyed to find a feasible safety assessment architecture. The proposed safety assessment method is to use safety activity results generated during development processes and feed them to the runtime embedded software testing tool.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 2014

Portfolios have gained attention in medical education as a tool for promoting student learning and assessment since Miller's call for better tools for assessing students' clinical competencies. This paper reviews the development and use of e-portfolios for promoting learning and assessment in medical schools, both domestically in Korea and internationally. This review finds that some specific features need to be incorporated into e-portfolio systems for medical education and that these systems can be used to manage student learning in clinical clerkships and to support competency-based assessment. The author asserts that the e-portfolio is key to promoting competency-based education and suggests practical tips for effective development and use of e-portfolios in Korean medical schools.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 2016

Risk assessment is the process of quantifying the probability of a harmful effect to individuals or populations from human activities. Mechanistic approaches to risk assessment have been generally referred to as systems toxicology. Systems toxicology makes use of advanced analytical and computational tools to integrate classical toxicology and quantitative analysis of large networks of molecular and functional changes occurring across multiple levels of biological organization. Three presentations including two case studies involving both in vitro and in vivo approaches described the current state of systems toxicology and the potential for its future application in chemical risk assessment.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.823-833
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• 1995

The purposes of this review are that 1) what is the the concept of motor control, 2) what is the content of motor control assessment, and 3) which instruments or scales are used in clinical setting. Motor control is defined broadly the control of both movement and posture. And motor control focuses on understanding the control of movement already acquired. The purposes of assessment are screening, placement to apprpriate treatment program, program plan, evaluation, and progress assessment for individuals. The content of motor control assessment is included not only fexibility, tone, reflex & reaction, muscle strength, movement pattern, balance, gait, and functional ability, but also cognition, arousal, sensation, and perception. There ars many kinds of instruments or scales for assessing motor ability. Most of materials are tested the validity and reliability. But Korea has not own instrument for assessing motor ability. Therefore, Korea needs to develop the assessing tools for motor ability.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.229-235
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• 2022

This study aims to substantiate an interdisciplinary methodology for automated analysis and qualitative assessment of legislation and court decisions. The development of this kind of methodology will make it possible to fill a number of methodological gaps in various research areas, including law effectiveness assessment and legal monitoring. We have defined a methodology based on the interdisciplinary principles and tools. In general, it should be noted that even at the level of qualitative assessment made with the use of the methodology described above, the accumulation of knowledge about the relationship between legal objectives, indicators and computer methods of their identification can reduce the role of expert knowledge and subjective factor in the process of assessment, planning, forecasting and control over the state of legislation and law enforcement. Automation of intellectual processes becomes inevitable in a digital society, but, releasing experts from routine work, simultaneously reorients it to development of interdisciplinary methods and control over their application.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.18 no.spc
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• pp.63-74
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• 2020

The operational safety assessment is an important part of a safety case for the deep geological repository of spent fuels. It consists of different stages such as the identification of initiating events, event tree analysis, fault tree analysis, and evaluation of exposure doses to the public and radiation workers. This study develops a probabilistic safety assessment method for the operational safety assessment and establishes an assessment framework. For the event and fault tree analyses, we propose the advanced information management system for probabilistic safety assessment (AIMS-PSA Manager). In addition, we propose the Radiological Safety Analysis Computer (RSAC) program to evaluate exposure doses to the public and radiation workers. Furthermore, we check the applicability of the assessment framework with respect to drop accidents of a spent fuel assembly arising out of crane failure, at the surface facility of the KRS⁺ (KAERI Reference disposal System for SNFs). The methods and tools established through this study can be used for the development of a safety case for the KRS⁺ system as well as for the design modification and the operational safety assessment of the KRS⁺ system.

• School Mathematics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2002

Performance assessment has been introduced to school education as an alternative measure of the former educational assessment which put much emphasis on the result rather than the process of learning, memorization than pursuit of knowledge, and passive than active study. As for the subject of mathematics, the change of the assessment came to replace multiple choice tests with descriptive- and statement-type tests. This means animprovement on the testing system, focusing on the process of finding out the answer. The main focus, however, is still on the intellectual domain without paying due attention to the emotional domain of mathematics education. The previous studies on the assessment of emotional domain In mathematics have shown that there are stumbling blocks in the application of the assessment, such as the disputes on the reliability, objectivity, and fairness as well as the complicated procedure of applying the results to school records. The lack of the development and supply of the appropriate assessment tools have also been pointed out. Therefore, this study has been carried out with the intention of establishing an applicable standard of assessment on the emotional domain of high school matematics. As a result, detailed standards of performance assessment, which adopt oral examination, discussion, observation, and report have been developed. The problems which are likely to emerge In the course of the application of the newly developed assessment are under study as a continuing research project.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2018

Countries around the world are strengthening informatics education to cope with the development of technology that leads to rapid social change. The last step in the capacity to foster through formal education is high school education. The purpose of this study is to examine the competence and level of informatics curriculum for high school students who aim to enter university in terms of testing tools. In order to carry out the research, we analyzed informatics education related test tools for high school students such as Japan, Germany, and USA. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, both the essay type and the short answer type question are included in the test tool as well as the multiple choice question type. Second, we use the real world model as an item and ask whether we can use computing power for practical problem solving ability. Third, the items directly related to the university education are reflected in the items. This study suggests that it has helped to elucidate the features and discussions of the test tool and establish the development direction of the test tool for informatics education.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-39
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• 1996

The Korean government has a new system for charging patient care for patients in hospital, on hold for the present(9 / 1995) but to start implementation in certain areas of patient care next year. From the latter half of next year the Ministry of Health and Welfare would like to start demonstration projects for hospitals who want to start using DRGs for frequently seen medical diagnosis and for patients with a course that is predictable and for whom non-insurance costs are minimal : such as the patient who has a delivery, cesarean deliveries, cataract surgery, tonsillectomy or an appendectomy, and apply the DRG system of payment for hospital care for these patients. The purpose of this study was to establish a recording system to give effective home health care to postpartum women and their newborns. Recently the government announced a DRG system to apply to postpartum women for pilot purposes starting next year. This gives impetus to the need to develop home care records that will allow for systematic recording and provide continuity and consistency in care across all health professionals and with in-depth communication between the professions to assure high quality care. There has been a rise in medical costs and a shortage of patient bed space in hospitals, particularly since the introduction of national medical insurance. The study focused on developing client selection criteria, a primary assessment tool, progress notes and nursing diagnoses applicable to postpartum and newborn clients. Selection criteria for home health care, assessment tool content, nurses progress notes and diagnoses were developed through a review of the literature, advice from professionals who are expert in home health care and actual practice in the use of recording tools through workshops. The recommendations based on the research results are as follows : 1) Replication and application of these tools is needed to test the validity of the tools 2) In order to have systematic nursing records standardization of records has to be done after nurses have had experience using them. 3) Reliability and validity of the tools has to be established through applicability to actual care situation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.637-643
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Malnutrition in the elderly is a serious problem, prevalent in both hospitals and care homes. Due to the absence of a gold standard for malnutrition, herein we evaluate the efficacy of five nutritional screening tools developed or used for the elderly. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Elected medical records of 141 elderly patients (86 men and 55 women, aged $73.5{\pm}5.2years$) hospitalized at a geriatric care hospital were analyzed. Nutritional screening was performed using the following tools: Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA), Mini Nutrition Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002). A combined index for malnutrition was also calculated as a reference tool. Each patient evaluated as malnourished to any degree or at risk of malnutrition according to at least four out of five of the aforementioned tools was categorized as malnourished in the combined index classification. RESULTS: According to the combined index, 44.0% of the patients were at risk of malnutrition to some degree. While the nutritional risk and/or malnutrition varied greatly depending on the tool applied, ranging from 36.2% (MUST) to 72.3% (MNA-SF). MUST showed good validity (sensitivity 80.6%, specificity 98.7%) and almost perfect agreement (k = 0.81) with the combined index. In contrast, MNA-SF showed poor validity (sensitivity 100%, specificity 49.4%) and only moderate agreement (k = 0.46) with the combined index. CONCLUSIONS: MNA-SF was found to overestimate the nutritional risk in the elderly. MUST appeared to be the most valid and useful screening tool to predict malnutrition in the elderly at a geriatric care hospital.