• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.32-42
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• 2024

본 연구는 용혈의 영향과 허용 hemolysis index (HI)를 조사하기 위해 용혈된 검체와 재채혈된 검체의 결과를 비교하였다. 용혈 전·후, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), amylase (Amy), direct bilirubin (D-bil), total bilirubin (T-bil), creatine phosphokinase (CK), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), iron, potassium (K), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (Phos), total protein (TP), uric acid (UA) 항목에서 유의미한 결과를 보였다. LDH, K, iron, AST, CK, GGT, TP, Amy, Phos는 용혈 정도와 결과 사이에 높은 상관관계가 있었다. Quality control (QC) high standard deviation (SD)을 이용하여 구한 허용 HI, HI^QChigh를 비교했을 때 AST, D-bil, CK, LDH는 비슷했지만 Amy, GGT, K, iron, Phos, TP는 장비의 cut-off HI보다 낮은 HI에서부터 영향 받았으며 ALP, ALT는 높게 나왔다. 그리고 paired t-test를 통해 유의미한 결과가 없었던 albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride 항목에서도 HI>200에서는 유의미한 결과가 나왔기 때문에 재채혈하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각되며 HI<100일 때 영향을 받는 항목들이 있었던 연구 결과를 기반하여 약한 용혈이 나타나는 HI>50부터 용혈 기준을 설정하는 것을 권장한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권10호
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• pp.1037-1041
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• 2006

목 적 : 소아에서 비만 유병률 증가와 함께 비알콜성 지방간염도 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 청소년에서 혈청 아미노 전이 효소 상승 빈도를 조사하고 체지방 분포 및 혈청 인슐린 농도와의 관계를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 3,636명을 대상으로 하였고 이들의 평균 연령은 $15.7{\pm}0.7$세였다. 대상자로부터 신장, 체중, 허리둘레, 둔위를 측정하고 혈액검사를 통하여 AST, ALT및 공복시 인슐린을 측정하였다. 비만 및 과체중군은 성별, 연령별 체질량지수와 비교하여 각각 95 백분위수 이상, 85-94 백분위수로 정의하였다. 결 과 : 비만군은 324명으로 8.9%였으며 과체중군은 414명(11.4%)이었다. 허리둘레와 둔위 및 허리-둔위비는 남녀학생 모두에서 각 군간에 유의한 차이를 보였다. ALT 평균치는 각 군간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(비만군 : $32.1{\pm}34.3U/L$, 과체중 : $19.6{\pm}13.6U/L$, 대조군 : $12.7{\pm}6.7U/L$, P<0.001). AST 평균치 또한 각 군별로 유의한 차이를 보였다(비만군 : $27.8{\pm}16.5U/L$, 과체중군 : $22.8{\pm}8.6U/L$, 대조군 : $20.8{\pm}8.5U/L$, P<0.001). AST 및 ALT는 체질량지수, 허리둘레, 둔위, 허리-둔위비 및 혈청 인슐린 농도와 각각 유의한 상관 관계를 가졌다. 다중회귀분석결과 여러 신체 계측치와 인슐린 농도 중에서 ALT와 유의한 상관 관계를 갖는 것은 허리둘레, 체질량지수, 인슐린 농도 였으며(r=0.435, P<0.001), AST에 영향을 주는 인자는 허리둘레였다(r=0.234, P<0.001). 결 론 : 비만군 및 과체중군에서 혈청 아미노 전이 효소 증가대상자의 비율이 의미 있게 증가되어 있었고 허리둘레는 AST 및 ALT 증가를 예측하는데 유용한 지표로 사용될 수 있다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the incidence, associated factors and clinical impact of hyperamylasemia in self-poisoning patients. Methods: This study was based on a toxicology case registry of patients treated from 2009 to 2013 at a tertiary care university hospital. We retrospectively investigated the demographics, clinical variables, laboratory variables and intoxicants. Hyperamylasemia was defined as an elevation in serum amylase level to above the upper normal limit within 24 hours after admission. We analyzed the predisposing factors and clinical outcomes of patients in the hyperamylasemia group. Results: Hyperamylasemia was identified in 49 (13.3%) of the 369 patients. Using multivariate logistic regression, the odds ratios for HA were 3.384 (95% confidence interval, 1.142-8.013, p=0.014), 3.261 (95% confidence interval, 1.163-9.143, p=0.025) and 0.351 (95% confidence interval, 0.154-0.802, p=0.013) for pesticides, multi-drug use and sedatives, respectively. In the hyperamylasemia group, the peak amylase levels during 72 hours were correlated with the peak lipase levels (r=0.469, p=0.002) and peak aspartate aminotransferase levels (r=0.352, p=0.013). Finally, none of these patients had confirmed acute pancreatitis. Conclusion: Hyperamylasemia occurred rarely in these self-poisoning patients, and pesticide and multi-drug use were independent predictors of hyperamylasemia. Peak amylase levels were correlated with the peak lipase and aspartate aminotransferase levels.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2007

금붕어(Carassius auratus)를 사용하여 수온변화에 따른 스트레스 반응에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자, 수온상승과 하강에 따른 혈액 성상 및 생리적 반응을 조사하였다. 수온은 $15^{\circ}C$로부터 급격하게 하강시켜 1시간이내에 $10^{\circ}C$로 사육수를 조절하였으며, 이후 자연적으로 수온이 상승하도록 조절하였다. 12시간째에 수온은 $15^{\circ}C$로 회복되어 24시간째까지 유지하였다. 이러한 수온자극 스트레스를 3일 연속하여 주었다. 혈장 cortisol, glucose 및 lactic acid에서 72시간까지 대조구보다 스트레스 실험구에서 유의적으로 높은 값을 보였다. 혈장 $Na^+,\;Cl^-$ 및 aspartate aminotransferase (AST)는 두 그룹에서 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구결과 혈장 cortisol, glucose, lactic acid, hematocrit, red blood cell 및 hemoglobin에서 일반적인 스트레스 반응을 보였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2012

Mastitis is a highly morbid disease that requires detection at the subclinical stage. Tropical countries like India mainly depend on milch buffaloes for milk. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the trace minerals viz. copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) and enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in riverine buffalo milk can be used as an indicator of subclinical mastitis (SCM) with the aim of developing suitable diagnostic kit for SCM. Trace elements and enzyme activity in milk were estimated with Atomic absorption Spectrophotometer, GBC 932 plus and biochemical methods, respectively. Somatic cell count (SCC) was done microscopically. The cultural examination revealed Gram positive bacteria as the most prevalent etiological agent. A statistically significant (p<0.01) increase in SCC, Fe, Zn, Co and LDH occurred in SCM milk containing gram positive bacterial agents only. ALP was found to be elevated in milk infected by both gram positive and negative bacteria. The percent sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, predictive values and likelihood ratios were calculated taking bacterial culture examination and $SCC\geq2{\times}10^5$ cells/ml of milk as the benchmark. Only ALP and Zn, the former being superior, were found to be suitable for diagnosis of SCM irrespective of etiological agents. LDH, Co and Fe can be introduced in the screening programs where Gram positive bacteria are omnipresent. It is recommended that both ALP and Zn be measured together in milk to diagnose buffalo SCM, irrespective of etiology.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacological effects of low-esterified pectin on carbon tetrachloride $(CCL_4)-induced$ hepatotoxicity in rats. The study included two experiments. In the first experiment the animals were given daily $CCL_4$ through gavage for 7 days and then 10, 50, or 250 mg/kg b.w. of pectin for 21 days. At the end of experiment rats were killed within 24 hours. The increased bilirubin level, enhanced alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity in plasma induced by $CCL_4$ were partly normalized by pectin administration in a dose-dependent manner. The pectin treatment also resulted in significant recovery of $CCL_4-induced$ decrease of the liver glycogen content. In addition, pectin significantly improved $CCL_4-induced$ alterations of pro-oxidant and antioxidant biochemical parameters in liver and plasma compared to those of rats administered $CCL_4$. In the second experiment the animals were given daily 10, 50 or 250 mg/ kg b.w. of pectin for 21 days before a 7-day administration of $CCL_4$. Rats were killed 24 hours after the end of experiment. Pretreatment with pectin before $CCL_4$ administration resulted in significantly inhibited increase of the blood enzymatic activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and bilirubin level in a dose-dependent manner. Also, preliminary administration of pectin prevented elevation of malondialdehyde and conjugated diene levels in liver and plasma as well as a reduction of glutathione content in liver of rats given $CCL_4$. These results suggest that low-esterified pectin exert healing and preventive effects on $CCL_4-induced$ hepatotoxicity in rats.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.353-359
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• 1987

균 성장속도가 tylosin 생합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 여러 성장속도로 배양한 균체내에서 oxaloacetate 대사에 관여하는 효소들의 활성을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 비 tylosin 생합성 속도($q_{p}$ )는 성장속도 $0.013h^{-1}$까지는 성장속도와 함께 증가하지만, 더 높은 성장속도에선 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. Citrate synthase, aspartate aminotransferase와 PEP carboxylase의 활성 및 합성은 $0.013h^{-1}$ 보다 낮은 성장속도에선 매우 낮게 나타났으며, 반면 methylmaionyl-CoA carboxyltransferase의 활성 및 합성은 tylosin 생합성과 마찬가지로 높은 성장속도에선 감소되었다. 따라서 tylosin 생합성은 균 성장속도에 의해 조절됨을 명백히 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.471-480
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• 2021

Objectives: Cadmium is widely used, leading to extensive environmental and occupational exposure. Unlike other organs, for which the harmful and carcinogenic effects of cadmium have been established, the hepatotoxicity of cadmium remains unclear. Some studies detected correlations between cadmium exposure and hepatotoxicity, but others concluded that they were not associated. Thus, we investigated the relationship between cadmium and liver damage in the general population. Methods: In total, 11 838 adult participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2015 were included. Urinary cadmium levels and the following liver function parameters were measured: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TB), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between urinary cadmium concentrations and each liver function parameter after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, annual family income, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, and body mass index. Results: The covariate-adjusted results of the linear regression analyses showed significant positive relationships between log-transformed urinary cadmium levels and each log-transformed liver function parameter, where beta±standard error of ALT, AST, GGT, TB, and ALP were 0.049±0.008 (p<0.001), 0.030±0.006 (p<0.001), 0.093±0.011 (p<0.001), 0.034±0.009 (p<0.001), and 0.040±0.005 (p<0.001), respectively. Logistic regression also revealed statistically significant results. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of elevated ALT, AST, GGT, TB, and ALP per unit increase in log-transformed urinary cadmium concentration were 1.360 (1.210 to 1.528), 1.307 (1.149 to 1.486), 1.520 (1.357 to 1.704), 1.201 (1.003 to 1.438), and 1.568 (1.277 to 1.926), respectively. Conclusions: Chronic exposure to cadmium showed positive associations with liver damage.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2021년도 제64차 하계학술대회논문집 29권2호
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• pp.333-335
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• 2021

Gallbladder polyps (GBPs) may be a cause of gallbladder cancer. The known risk factors for GBPs are male gender, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidemia. Especially, male gender has been known that it strongly affects on the prevalence of GBPs. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate risk factors affecting the prevalence of GBPs among adults on Jeju Island according to genders. We examined 5,574 subjects who visited a single health-screening center in Jeju between January 2015 and December 2019. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors affecting the prevalence of GBPs. The prevalence of GBPs were 8.9% in male subjects and 8.1% in female subjects, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that ≥60 year age (odds ratio [OR] 0.659; P=0.027) and aspartate aminotransferase >32 IU/L (OR 0.658; P=0.009) in male subjects and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ≥60 mg/dL (OR 0.514; P=0.013) in female subjects were independent factors affecting the prevalence of GBPs. The prevalence of GBPs in men (8.9%) is comparable to that in women (8.1%) on Jeju Island. Age <60 years and the high level of aspartate aminotransferase in men and the greater level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in women were independent risk factors of GBPs on Jeju Island.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.728-734
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• 1999

Thirty new born crossbred (Bos taurus${\times}$Bos indicus) calves, divided randomly in a $3{\times}2$ factorial design, were fed calf starters containing one of three protein sources i.e., groundnut cake (GN), cottonseed meal (CS) and meat and bone meal (MB) along with either raw (M) or gelatinized maize (MG) for 90d. Milk was fed upto 56d of age. Green oats and respective calf starters were offered from 14d of age onwards ad lib. Clinical profile of serum suggested significantly (p<0.05) higher albumin and lower alanine aminotransferase activity due to CS feeding. Alklaine phosphatase activity varied significantly (p<0.05) among dietary treatments showing interaction between protein and starch sources. Inclusion of gelatinized maize resulted in significantly higher concentration of serum globulin (p<0.05) and alkaline phosphatase activity (p<0.01). reduced (p<0.05) ruminal pH was accompanied by a significant decrease (p<0.01) in $NH_3-N$ concentration in the strained rumen liquor (SRL) of MG fed calves. Ruminal amylase activity was lower (p<0.05) on MG diets. Alanine aminotransferase activity in the rumen exhibited a significant (p<0.01) interaction between protein and starch sources. While feeding of CS significantly (p<0.01) reduced alanine aminotransferase activity, inclusion of thermally processed maize reduced (p<0.01) both aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities in the rumen. The overall blood picture was similar among treatments, whereas rumen metabolites especially enzyme activities, seems to be altered with source of degradable protein an starch.