• 제목/요약/키워드: Asian Toad

검색결과 13건 처리시간 0.033초

두꺼비독 중독 2례 (2 Cases of Toad Venom Intoxication)

  • 권정훈;전우찬;정윤석;안정환
    • 대한임상독성학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.58-60
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    • 2006
  • The venom gland of Toad contains large quantities of cardiac glycosides, and toad venom poisoning is similar to digitalis toxicity and carries a high mortality. Sometimes after ingestion of aphrodisiac pills which contain dried toad, a patient develops gastrointestinal symptoms and bradycardia, psychoneurologic symptoms. We have experienced 2 cases of toad venom intoxication, who ingested asian toads. Patients were presented to our ED with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The patients were peformed monitoring and conservative treatment and were fully recovered. Toad venom intoxication should be considered in patients with clinical manifestation of gastrointestinal irritation, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperkalemia, and detectable serum digoxin level without current medication of digoxin.

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Inability of Mate and Species Recognition by Male Asian Toads, Bufo gargarizans

  • Cheong, Seok-Wan;Sung, Ha-Cheol;Park, Shi-Ryong
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.93-96
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    • 2008
  • In recent years, we frequently observed missmatched pairs between male Asian toads, Bufo gargarizans, and bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, at the toad breeding ponds, where scramble competition for mating occurred among the male toads. Thus, we performed two-choice experiments to investigate recognition ability of mates and species in male toads. The test males did not discriminate sexes, but the clasped stimulus males immediately produced release calls and stopped it while the clasped stimulus female did not. In addition, the test male toads did not discriminate reproductive state of females and even species. However, male toads chose larger individuals. The present results indicate that the main reason of missmatched amplexus by the male toads is due to 1) the lack of recognition cues of conspecifics, 2) the lack of communication tools like release calls, and 3) the larger size of bullfrogs than male toads themselves.

Abundance and Breeding Migration of the Asian Toad (Bufo gargarizans)

  • Sung, Ha-Cheol;Park, Oan-Hee;Kim, Su-Kyung;Park, Dae-Sik;Park, Shi-Ryong
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.287-292
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    • 2007
  • We monitored a breeding population of the Asian toad (Bufo gargarizans), in the Wonheunge pond at Sannamdong, Chungju, from 5 March to 11 April, 2006 and 14 February to 31 March, 2007 to investigate their movement patterns, breeding population sizes, and physical characteristics. Terrestrial migration to the pond started on 5 March in 2006 and 14 February in 2007. We captured a total of 266 immigrating individuals (213 males, 53 females) in 2006 and 307 (222 males, 85 females) in 2007, and found 50 adults apparently killed by motor vehicles while migrating to the pond in 2007. Emigration from the pond to terrestrial sites started on 15 March 2006 and 5 March 2007. We captured a total of 245 emigrating toads (181 males, 65 females) in 2006 and 99 (92 males, 7 females) in 2007. An additional 10 emigrating adults were found dead on the road. During both the immigration and emigration periods, two peaks in capture frequency appeared for each sex in each breeding season. The immigration peaks corresponded with higher temperatures, while the emigration peaks corresponded with high humidity. Migrating Asian toads showed sexual size dimorphism and a male-biased sex ratio. Body weights and SVL (snout-vent length) of immigrating and emigrating individuals were negatively related with migration dates.

Analysis of bufotoxins in toad venom and toad eggs

  • Lim, Mie-Ae;Lee, Ju-Seon;Eo, Sang-Heui;Park, Hye-Young;Jeong, Jin-Il;Lee, Han-Sun;Park, Yoo-Sin
    • 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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    • pp.281.2-281.2
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    • 2002
  • Chan Su the dried toad venom. has been used in Asian countries as the traditional medicine for the purpose of the alleviation of pain, cardiotonic diuresis. hemostasis and et al.. However, Chan Su is the special attention-needed medication because it is known to contain the highly toxic compounds such as bufotenine, an hallucinogen and aphrodisiac, and a series of bufadienolides, cardiotonic steroids that produce physiological symptoms similar to digoxin. (omitted)

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두꺼비 배아를 활용한 화학물질의 독성평가 연구 (Toxicity Evaluation of Chemicals using Asian Toad Embryos, Bufo gargarizans)

  • 고선근
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.705-711
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    • 2016
  • 국내에 서식하는 두꺼비의 배아를 이용하여 화학물질의 독성평가에 대한 가능성을 파악하기 위해 FETAX(Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus) 기법에 따라 두꺼비(Bufo gargarizans)의 배아를 배양하면서 Zn과 Benomyl의 효과를 probit 분석법으로 조사하였다. 그 결과, Zn과 Benomyl의 농도에 의존하여 유생의 체장 길이는 감소하고 치사율과 기형율은 증가하였으며 Zn과 Benomyl의 teratogenic concentration($EC_{50}$)은 각각 2.3, $1.0mg/{\ell}$을 나타내었고 embryo lethal concentrations($LC_{50}$)은 10.3, $6.9mg/{\ell}$을 나타내었다. Teratogenic index($TI=LC_{50}/EC_{50}$)는 Zn의 경우 4.4, Benomyl의 경우 6.7을 나타내어 Zn과 Benomyl은 두꺼비 배아 발달에 최기형성 물질로 작용함을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과들로 보아 Zn과 Benomyl 모두 낮은 농도에서 두꺼비 배아발달에 민감하게 반응하였다. 이는 다량의 배아 확보가 가능하며 배양이 용이하고 치사율, 기형율, 성장률, 기형양상 등을 기존의 연구들과 비교하였을 때 유사한 결과를 나타내어 두꺼비 배아를 활용한 시험기법은 화학물질 및 환경오염물질의 독성검정에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

두꺼비(Bufo gargarizans) 정소주기에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Testicular Cycle of Asian Toad (Bufo gargarizans))

  • 박세화;고선근
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.525-532
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    • 2015
  • 두꺼비(Bufo gargarizans)의 정소주기를 파악하기 위해 2012년 3월부터 2013년 2월까지 전라북도 정읍시 일대에서 채집한 수컷 성체를 대상으로 gonadosomatic index(GSI) 및 정소 내 생식세포의 변화를 연중 조사하였다. 세정관 내 정자형성은 4월부터 시작되어져 7월에 가장 활발하게 진행되었으며 이 시기에 GSI 값이 가장 컸고 세정관 단면적도 가장 넓게 나타났다. 2월부터는 정자배출 후 단계의 세정관이 출현하기 시작하여 3월에 가장 많이 존재하였고 이 시기에 제1 정원세포가 나타났으며 GSI와 세정관 단면적도 최저치를 나타내어 정자형성은 GSI 및 세정관 변화와 일치하는 잠재적 연속형으로 진행되었다. 본 결과들로 보아 두꺼비 수컷의 정소주기 중 정자형성은 4월부터 7월에 활발하게 진행되며 번식기는 2월에서 3월로 확인되었다.

농약류(Benomyl, Carbofuran, Thiobencarb)가 두꺼비(Bufo Gargarizans) 배아발달에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Pesticides(Benomyl, Carbofuran, Thiobencarb) on the Asian Toad(Bufo Gargarizans) Embryo Development)

  • 고선근
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.207-215
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    • 2020
  • 농약류 3종의 독성평가를 위해 FETAX(Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus) 기법에 따라 국내에 서식 중인 두꺼비(Bufo gargarizans)의 배아를 배양하면서 Benomyl(살균제), Carbofuran(살충제), Thiobencarb(제초제)의 영향을 probit 분석법으로 조사하였다. 그 결과, Benomyl, Carbofuran, Thiobencarb의 농도에 의존하여 유생의 체장 길이는 감소하고 치사율과 기형율은 증가하였다. Benomyl, Carbofuran, Thiobencarb의 teratogenic concentration(EC50)은 각각 1.03, 8.74, 4.98mg/ℓ을 나타내어 Benomyl이 기형 유발에 가장 민감하게 반응하였으며, embryo lethal concentrations(LC50)은 7.26, 560.72, 16.87mg/ℓ을 나타내어 Benomyl이 가장 낮은 농도에서 배아가 치사되는 것으로 나타났다. Teratogenic index (TI=LC50/EC50)는 Benomyl 7.05, Carbofuran 64.16, Thiobencarb 3.39를 나타내어 TI값이 모두 기형유발물질로 판단되는 기준인 1.5이상으로 시험에 사용된 농약류 3종은 최기형성 물질로 판단된다. Carbofuran이 가장 강력한 최기형성물질로 작용함을 알 수 있었으며, 농약류가 두꺼비 및 양서류의 배아 발달에 미치는 영향과 그 작용기작을 규명하기 위해서는 보다 구체적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

소규모 공공시설 개발 사업지의 생태적 복원 연구 - 고양시 일산정수장 조성예정지를 사례로 - (Ecological Restoration Plan for a Small Scale Public Construction Area - A Case Study on Ilsan Water Treatment Plant, Goyang-Si -)

  • 이수동;강현경
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제35권6호
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    • pp.48-63
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    • 2008
  • This research is to apply suitable natural ecosystem evaluation criteria in order to develop the ecosystem conservation, restoration and ways to build substitute habitats as a compensation plan for damaged soundly natural ecosystems in small-scale projects such as resource recovery facility, filtration, etc. The environmental ecology evaluation i.e. generally based on their actual vegetation, community structure, wildlife, water system survey were measured the primary plans for reflecting unique natural environment level of site. As a result, it is necessary to conserve the land in fallow type of wetland, good conservative condition of deciduous forest, wetlanded watercourse for amphibia and reptiles crossing. However, the plan of filtration plant was destroyed wetland(sound ecosystem), natural forest, asian toad spawning area. According to the result of it schemed to build alternative wetland and spawning area, plan to healthy ecosystem and surface soil transplantation as compensation plan. The alternative wetland and spawning area are not only created a various water levels like depth of water is $0{\sim}30cm,\;30{\sim}60cm$, more than 1.5m but also it leads to asian toad spawning and wildlife inhabitant. Moreover, the ecosystem and surface soil transplantation be applied to use the Quercus acutissima forest resources(114 upper trees, 71 canopy trees, 401 shrubs) and surface soil$(5,072m^3)$ in ecology creation sets.