Inability of Mate and Species Recognition by Male Asian Toads, Bufo gargarizans

  • Cheong, Seok-Wan (Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education) ;
  • Sung, Ha-Cheol (Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education) ;
  • Park, Shi-Ryong (Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education)
  • 발행 : 2008.06.30

초록

In recent years, we frequently observed missmatched pairs between male Asian toads, Bufo gargarizans, and bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, at the toad breeding ponds, where scramble competition for mating occurred among the male toads. Thus, we performed two-choice experiments to investigate recognition ability of mates and species in male toads. The test males did not discriminate sexes, but the clasped stimulus males immediately produced release calls and stopped it while the clasped stimulus female did not. In addition, the test male toads did not discriminate reproductive state of females and even species. However, male toads chose larger individuals. The present results indicate that the main reason of missmatched amplexus by the male toads is due to 1) the lack of recognition cues of conspecifics, 2) the lack of communication tools like release calls, and 3) the larger size of bullfrogs than male toads themselves.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ARAK A (1983) Male-male competition and mate choice in anuran amphibians. In: P. Bateson (ed), Mate Choice, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp 181-210
  2. Arak A (1988) Sexual size dimorphism in body size: a model and a test. Evolution 42: 820-825 https://doi.org/10.2307/2408874
  3. Arntzen JW (1999) Sexual selection and male mate choice in the common toad, Bufo bufo. Ethol Ecol Evol 11: 407-414 https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.1999.9522823
  4. Davies NM and Halliday TR (1977) Optimal mate selection in the toad Bufo bufo. Nature 269: 56-58 https://doi.org/10.1038/269056a0
  5. Davies NB and Halliday TR (1978) Deep croaks and fighting assessment in toads Bufo bufo. Nature 274: 683-685 https://doi.org/10.1038/274683a0
  6. Duellman WE and Pyles RA (1983) Acoustic resource partitioning in anuran communities. Copeia 1983: 639-649 https://doi.org/10.2307/1444328
  7. Duellman WE and Trueb L (1994) Biology of Amphibians. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press
  8. Endler JA (1993) Some general comments on the evolution and design of animal communication systems. Phil Tran R Soc London B 340: 215-225 https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1993.0060
  9. Gerhardt HC (1991) Female mate choice in treefrogs: static and dynamic acoustic criteria. Anim Behav 42: 615-636 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(05)80245-3
  10. Halliday TR (1983) The study of mate choice. In: P. Bateson (ed), Mate choice, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp 3-52
  11. Hoglund J and Robertson JG M (1987) Random mating by size in a population of common toads (Bufo bufo). Amphibia-Reptilia 8: 321-330 https://doi.org/10.1163/156853887X00108
  12. Kang EJ and Youn CH (1994). The settlement and distribution of the introduced bullfrog, Raja catesbeiana, in Korea. nature conservation report 13: 231-250
  13. Kang YS and Yoon IB (1975) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea Vol 17 Amphibia'Reptila. The Korean ministry of education. Seoul
  14. Lande R and Arnold SJ (1983) The measurement of selection on correlated characters. Evolution 37: 1210-1226 https://doi.org/10.2307/2408842
  15. Marco A, Kesecker JM, Chivers DP, and Blaustein AR (1998) Sex recognition and mate choice by male western toads, Bufo boreas. Anim Behav 55: 1631-1635 https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1997.0711
  16. Olson DH (1989) The ecological and behavioral dynamics of breeding in three sympatric anuran amphibians. Ph.D. thesis, Oregon State University
  17. Ryan MJ (1985) The Tungara Frogs: A Study in Sexual Selection and Communication. Univ Chicago Press, Chicago and London
  18. Ryan MJ (1990) Sensory systems, sexual selection, and sensory exploitation. Oxford Surv Evol Biol 7: 157-195
  19. Schneider H, Sofianidou TS, and Kyriakopoulou-Sklavounou (1984) Bioacoustic and morphometric studies of water frogs (genus Rana) of Lake Ioannina in Greece, and description of a new species (Anura, Amphibia). J Zool Syst Evolut-forsch. 22: 349-366 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.1984.tb00669.x
  20. Schwartz JJ (1989). Graded aggressive calls of the spring peeper, Pseudacris crucifer. Herpetologica 45: 172-181
  21. Sherman PW, Reeve HK, and Pfennig DW (1997) Recognition systems. In: Krebs JR and Davis NB (eds.), Behavioural Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach, Oxford, Blackwell, pp 69-96
  22. Sung HC, Park OH, Kim SK, Park DS, and Park SR (2007) Abundance and breeding migration of the Asian Toad (Bufo gargarizans). J Ecol Field Biol 30: 287-292 https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2007.30.4.287
  23. Sullivan BK (1983) Sexual selection in Wood house's toad (Bufo woodhousei). II. Female choice. Anim Behav 31: 1011-1017 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(83)80006-2
  24. Wells KD (1988) The effect of social interactions on anuran vocal behavior. In: Fritzsch B, Ryan MJ, Wilczynski W, Hetherington TE, and Walkowiak W (eds), The Evolution of the Amphibian Ear, New York, John Wiley, pp 433-454
  25. Yang SY, Kim JB, Min MS, Suh JH, and Kang YJ (2001) Korean amphibians. Academic Press