• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.183-204
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• 2001

This study is intended for the development of urgent facing strategies for the designation of a CFZ(Customs Free Zone) in Incheon city. First, it analyzes the current status of the Incheon CFZ. Next, it suggests several strategies for successfully growing the CFZ of Incheon City. Finally, it develops and proposes a method for establishing an integrated management system for the effective management of the CFZ. The key findings of this study are as follows: First, the CFZ should provide state-of-the-art movement of port logistics, create new added value caused by the movement of logistics, and provide other public support. The Incheon CFZ should be developed in three stages: an inducement stage in 2002-2005, a growth stage in 2005-2008, and an implementation stage in 2008-2011. Second, The parties responsible for the management of the CFZ would be as follows: for the port area, the Ministry of Maritime and Fisheries; for the back space of CFZ, Incheon City; and for port management, port management companies. However, a committee for CFZ management is strongly suggested for the improved efficiency and effectiveness of CFZ management. Furthermore, additional regulations ensuring the role of local government will likely be necessary for the sucessful designation and sustainable management of the CFZ. Third, For the creation of additional revenue, reformation of the current laws of the CFZ are recommended in the area of business administration. Fourth, A strategic marketing plan that supports the successful management of the companies of the CFZ will be a key component in the success of the CFZ. Thus, the new marketing plan should be developed in the near future based on case studies of other CFZs. Fifth A method for an integrated CFZ management system was developed and suggested for the comprehensive and transparent management of port logistics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1354-1365
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• 2002

With the appearance of many new types of fashion stores in Korea, competitions among fashion store types art fiercer than ever before. As consumers alternatives in fashion store selection increase, they select different store types to purchase different product types. Therefore, the probability of patronage mix behavior according to product type increases. Understanding consumers patronage mix behavior, finding out the determinant attributes of fashion stores for each product type, and analyzing competitive structures among fashion stores are important to retailers and marketers for building a successful merchandising and marketing strategies. An empirical study was conducted to analyze the competitive structure among the store types by consumers' patronage mix behavior. A questionnaire was developed and data were collected from 464 adult women living in Seoul area in Korea. Factor analysis, paired t-test, ANOVL Duncan test, and discriminant analysis were employed to analyze the data. Data regarding patronage mix behavior by product type proved that certain store types had ‘natural dominance’ in a particular product type as Hirschman(l978) pointed out. Also, a new analytic method of the competitive structures among fashion store types was suggested in the study, by which a specific store type retailer can analyze his/her own customers' patronage mix behavior by product type. The analysis will enable retailers to distinguish which of their competitors are substitutive, selling same product types, and which are complementary, selling different product types. Retailers have to concentrate on the strategies for the substitutive competitors rather than complementary competitors because their marketing abilities and resources are limited.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5097-5104
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• 2013

To derive implication for marketing strategy for Korean cosmetic products in China, an analysis was conducted on the difference in quality perception and purchase behavior between two groups of Chinese women classified by their awareness of Korean Wave. Analytical methods including k-means clustering method, independent samples t-test, factor analysis were applied on the survey results of Chinese women residing in Guangzhou city. The positive impact of Korean Wave on quality perception and brand image is much stronger for higher awareness group, compared against for lower awareness group, that leads to higher product satisfaction and willingness to recommend purchases. Thus, marketing strategies need to be adjusted based on the difference in customers awareness of Korean Wave. However, the low price is the primary inducement for purchases for both groups, increased efforts to enhance brand image and product quality as premium products is strongly required, together with the utilization of Koran Wave.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.414-428
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• 2022

The goal of this study was to develop a curriculum based on practice and job competency, reflecting opinions on the required job competence of nail practitioners and professionals related to nail beauty. Through in-depth interviews with nail experts, the research focuses on developing nail beauty competency-based curriculum and curriculum profiles that reflect practitioners' needs of job competence in the field. In-depth interviews with 11 field experts and surveys of 154 people were conducted to develop a competency-based curriculum for beginner nail hairdressers. The results of this study show that the existing 38 National Competency Standards (NCS) job competencies were reduced to 21 job competencies. In addition, based on the common opinions of experts who reflect the current trend, two tasks on "eyelashes" and "waxing" were added, and they were modified and supplemented with 23 core competencies. The development of a competency-based curriculum and educational programs for nail beauty was performed based on the requirements of the core competencies investigated and the development of a systematic map for the core competencies of beginner nail technicians and hairdressers. In conclusion, the need for professional education and training for nail hairdressers is growing, and it can be seen that a curriculum building multi-faceted abilities is needed for their qualifications as experts. This study found that it is necessary to develop interpersonal communication skills that include marketing elements other than practical skills such as personality and customer response methods in the nail beauty curriculum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.91-103
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• 2015

This study examined the image identity of the Celine fashion house, which went through a successful re-branding using its tradition and succession, a process that was heavily influenced by their new designer, Phoebe Philo. The purpose of this study is as follows: first, to encourage the use of the fashion house in a domestic fashion market. Second, to increase awareness about image identity. Third, to provide suggestions of maintaining sustainable brand by examining a fashion house, which does not follow fast-changing fashion trends but rather leads and creates fashion styles. The study extracted the characteristics of the Celine fashion house by analyzing data, which were collected from fashion literature, its designs, and its marketing. From the data, the study found ways that a brand could use to develop continually. Phoebe Philo re-branded the Celine by using minimalism to redesign its logo and create a new brand image. Her method included the use of diverse and vivid colors via color-blocking, a feature of modern minimalism. This is a modern minimalism, which differentiates itself from others with the elaborate tailoring and delicate detailing effectively. The modern minimalism like this has, caused the new mood beyond the flow of certain art trends and led the revolution, not the advent, of the minimalism in the 1990s. This study believes that the aspect of the fashion-house following and succeeding the tradition is not just in the fashion house. This study should be seen as a significant step forward at a time when we desperately need the continuation of the unique brand recognized as fashion house in the long-term domestically.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.669-680
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• 2008

Korea's national image can be delivered through cultural products, and cultural products can finally contribute to the affirmative attitude and recognition towards Korea. In an empirical study, a questionnaire was developed based on literature review and focus group interviews with foreigners who visit Korea were executed. Subjects of this study were foreign visitors from US, China, and Japan. Finally, a total of 247 copies were used for analyses. Descriptive analyses, factor analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, and paired sample t-test were conducted for data analysis, Results are as follows. Firstly, as a result of factor analysis, I found that there were seven factors to form the image of Korea; culture/art, openness, lechnology/quality, food culture, passionate narcissism, conservativeness, and pursuit of quality of life. Secondly, Several image factors were found to influence positively or negatively on their attitude toward fashion cultural products. Especially, culture/art factor was found to influence positively to Chinese and Japanese and lechnology/quality factor was found to influence positively to Japanese and American. Meanwhile, conservativeness factor was found to influence negatively to Chinese. This study will be of help to practitioners of the fashion cultural product industry for building marketing strategies whose target market is foreign visitors from different cultural backgrounds.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.229-244
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop a lifestyle scale for one-person hair salon users and to identify differences in store choice factors and hairstyle pursuit behaviors according to lifestyle types. Data was collected by survey, with 225 responses being included in the analysis. Data analysis was performed using cross-analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's α, cluster analysis, ANOVA and the Duncan-test using SPSS 23.0 analysis software. The results of the study were as follows. First, one-person hair salon users were classified according to the following lifestyle groups: The rational appearance management group, the passive appearance management group, and the discriminative appearance management group. Second, store choice factors according to lifestyle group showed significant group-specific differences in relation to store atmosphere, accessibility, and promotion. Conversely, comfort of space in store and word-of-mouth recommendation message were high for all three groups, indicating that these are important factors in relation to store selection. Third, with regard to hairstyle pursuit behaviors according to lifestyle, the discriminative appearance management group showed the same characteristics as high involvement groups that regard all dimensions of hairstyle pursuit behavior as important. The results of this study can be used to suggest efficient operations for one-person hair salons and to suggest differentiated marketing strategies to increase the demand of one-person hair salon users.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.1
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• pp.95-123
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• 1999

The goal of this research is a visual and auditory tool development enabling designers to have the same emotional value with users in the process of user centered design. Through the research, we intend to show the aid measure for making cognitive gaps narrow between users and designer in the process of transforming and understanding the emotional needs as a verbal image. because In the business practice of design, most of tools and techniques for assessment and analysis of emotional needs are those used usually in the marketing fields. So the information generated and transformed from users to designers have a form of physical words. When the designer's understanding of the emotional needs is considered as a product mediated communication process, the morphologic and cognitive information gaps become obvious. This difference could be a false basis in designing with emotional user needs. So the alternative needs assessment sub-tools of visual and auditory information form was embodied mainly for designer's cognitive gaps and inter-cultural emotional needs assessment. As the method of embodiment, Firstly, adjectives related to emotion were classified in their cognitive dimension. Secondly, visual and auditory data were extracted, and then the relativity verified. Finally, the practicality and effectiveness were tested through the database generation. In view of the results so far achieved, 1. We could find being of the big information cognitive gaps in the verbal assessment of emotional needs between designers and users. 2. With the visual and auditory assessment tool, we could make the big cognitive gaps narrower than we expected. 3. Also, we could find the chance that the fidelity, recognition, and friendliness of design for emotional user needs would become better.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.29-41
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• 2007

This study is to research how women aging from 20 through 40 Apperance -Mnagement Bhavior and care of their outer looks from a beauty treatment perspective. This research should help satisfy the wants of women who are the main clients of the beauty products and help the beauty industry to produce new products and also to help out on their marketing strategy. In order to search the general characteristics of our target women, Frequency Analysis was used, to find out the sub-factor of interest in beauty Factor Analysis and Reliability Analysis was used. In order to divide the group according to Degree of Apperance Concern 'sub-factor, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, Scheffe'-test, $X^2-test$ was used, and to find out the difference on how they care of beauty analysis of variance was used, and further more to summarize the result of analysis of variance Scheffe'-test was used. As a result, in all different ways of beauty caring, weight resisting, skin care and plastic surgery summed up similarly among the self-care group, hair care ended up with similar results among all three groups: self-caring group, no interest in beauty at all group, and the too conscious of other eyes group, and results on the interest rate of clothing ended up similarly among the other-eye conscious group, beauty care interest group, and the self-care group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.16-32
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• 2014

This study aims to compare the current conditions of fashion education organizations in Korea and China. The results are as follows: 1. As for the departments related to fashion in Korea, the department of clothing was most frequently found in the fields of everyday science and natural science and design was most frequent in art related fields. 2. As for the departments related to fashion in China, the department of design was usually found in the fields of spinning and weaving, art, fashion, and others, and a college was dedicated to is having departments related to the fashion industry, much larger in scale compare to Korea. 3. Subject analysis found that both Korea and China put the most weight on the subject of design than any other fields. 4. Subject analysis of the fashion related departments in Korea found that all three department groups put considerable weight on clothing design and clothing composition subjects with other subjects having greater parts in the curriculum. 5. As for the departments related to fashion in China, design-related subjects were most frequently found, irrespective of the title of the fashion department, and the subjects concerning fashion marketing were widely distributed. 6. It seems that the curriculum for fashion colleges in China have been affected by the characteristics of the university before absorptive integration and setting based on the local characteristics rather than by the characteristics of the college. 7. For the curriculum of Korea, it is necessary to divide theoretical and practical ones and to develop practical subjects in association with experts in actual fields. China needs to take into account the local characteristics due to its global curriculum and large area.