• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.61-73
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• 2001

This study is to examine and classify the phasic characteristics of organic thoughts in modern architecture. Organic architects have applied organic thoughts to solutions for the problems of each period in architecture since modern times. As results of this study, the architecture of organic thoughts from 1850s to 1940s could be divided into two phases. The phasic characteristics of the first phase from 1850s to 1910s was physical resemblance in real or fantastic appearance that the work of art and architecture should imitate organic forms from the view of solid empiricism. The phasic characteristics of the second phase from 1920s to 1940s was organic growth that the form appropriate to a work of art and architecture should grow from the nature of the problem itself as a system in nature grows from the view of pragmatism and was organic unity that the form and function or the form and content of a work of art should be inseparably integrated as the form in nature should grow out of the inner nature of the thing and be an expression of that inner nature from the view of expressive theory.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.91-100
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• 2014

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of hospital architecture constructed in each periods and identify the changing process of hospital architecture in Korea since 1945. Methods : Literature review was conducted while the data of hospitals had been collected and the subject of investigation were selected. The important point of analysis is about design conception, site plan, block plan and hospital form. Results : The characteristics of hospital architecture are identified in each periods. Developed by private sector, hospitals have enlarged their beds and sizes under the competitive environments. In terms of size and external shape, vertical form has become a dominant scene of hospital forms in Korea. Among the dominance of tower-on podium, various block plans have been adopted with hospital streets. Also a few cases of horizontal disintegrated form was introduced. Implications : This paper could be the basic data to organize the history of Korean Hospital Architecture, and insufficient data should be supplemented continuously.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyse the inclinations and expressions in contemporary architecture. Specially, we call this tendency and architectural movements as architectural metamorphosis. Metamorphosis in architecture present the core of the change of Forms and spirits in a change of outward shape and terrestrial identity. As in Ovid's extended dramatic poem of change and transformation, Metamorphoses, all Souls are deathless, and migrates from one form to another. Like these stories in Metamorphoses, Ovid tells the soul never dies, but leaps one form to anther, and can take any shape. So the architectural form, transformation and deformation in contemporary architecture means architectural sensations and cognitions can even approach the soul of form and shape under the transformation. The expressions and design strategies of metamorphosis in comtemporary architecture reveal continuous and sequential formations of space, linear structure with force and vector, rhythmical wavement and folding surface, lively wiggly flows of volumns and objects, and so on. Such qualities came from the periodical needs; separation of structure and surface, poly-surfacial movement, poly-sensual expression and experience, dematerialization and the dematerialized space, formless of non-formal architecture, digital architecture. Architecture of Metamorphosis is the ways and the needs of our period to overcome the static limits prohibits the liberal thoughts, to find the ways toward the opportunities and diversities and to unlock the imaginaire of the contemporary architecture.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.3-13
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• 2014

Typology in Contemporary Architecture wants to escape from the classical typology that has the problems about specific program of structuralism, typical repeatation of customary form. As visible and non-visible things are appeared in contemporary architecture through the analysis of the inner system involving development process of changing itself, typology of contemporary is utilized at a tool of form generation in the process of architect. And it notes that the structural properties of the building system. The form of contemporary architecture has the new connecting strucure not reduced to existing ones. It carries out generative access as a device in order to solve the complexity of society. From this perspective, we analyze the process of projects of contemporary architects that can be typological strategy not representation of post geometric form but a tool of form generation in architectural process. As a result, we can find four characteristics of typology as a tool of form generation; 'interference and mix of program', 'continous slabs', 'rearrangement through relationship setting', 'transformation of multi-layers'. These are expanding to the process that reflect history and context or infer from morphology. Therefore, typology as architectural process of form generation overcomes morphological typology of classical typology and suggests that the different architectural approach having potential possibility.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.1 s.18
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• pp.95-110
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• 1999

Louis Kahn has overcome the limits of Functionalist Architecture and reconnect the classical tradition to Modern Architecture. With a point of view that his special approach to historical precidents enabled him to contribute broaden the hiorizon of Modern Architecture, this paper trys to investigate and analyse Kahn's typological thoughts and practice in Architecture. In many ways his a priory and metaphysical thoughts on Architecture proved to be very similar to typology of 18th Century Neo-Classicism. And the geometry of Kahn's Architecture play a important role with respects to his typology. As a form-generator and 'parti' his geometry and its composition play a intemediate role to connect Form and Design and to realize the concrete structure. Therefore, the concept of his Form could be called an archetype and geometry be a kind of type in his architecture

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2016

Purpose: This paper is an attempt to explicate the principle of space and form-making in Le Corbusier's architecture from the viewpoint of integrating and relating architecture with the natural landscape. It shows thereby how the geometrical element of architecture and the non-geometrical element of the nature coexist in terms of form. It also explains how space is deployed for the construction of cognitive system between natural landscape and architectural scenery in terms of space, hoping to make a contribution to design method of contemporary house as an elementary datum. Method: Three issues are studied, focusing on the designs around nineteenth thirties in the earliest phase of Le Corbusier: How architectural form and nature is related, how natural greens is introduced into urbanism, and how natural landscape is introduced to house design. 1) it is studied how the relation between the nature and the formal elements of purism in Le Corbusier's architecture is formed. 2) it is studied how the relation between the nature and architecture proposed in Le Corbusier's urbanism is formed. 3) Le Corbusier's "four compositions" is analyzed in terms of relation-formation between architectural space and the nature. 4) it is studied how the natural landscape is introduced to Le Corbusier's house-design in the form of architectural promenade. Result: It has been found out that the natural landscape in Le Corbusier's architecture is not just a simple background, but a necessary element for the consummation of form and space in his architecture, and that architectural inspiration is maximized with coexistence with nature.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.85-93
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• 2009

In this study, the ex-formal expressions observed in space form of Korean modern architecture are distributed for characteristic analysis based on the period and type. The result of the study is certified by the work analysis and the result is as follows. Initially, due to the limited materials and influence of western brutalism, the works developed during 1960~70 tend to be plastic and contain expressionism. Around 1980's, the works tend to show forms of amusement and popularity. In 1990's the works show significance in deconstructive expression. From after 2000, ecological concept of architecture was introduced and organic expression started increasing Secondly, the ex-formal expressions are found to be in four different types. The organic expression is shown regardless of the period. In modern days, not only the physical properties of materials, but also the ecological concept is combined with the organic expression and is in increase. The plural expression started appearing after the 1980's and the sculptural diversity is enhancing with the addition of decorative factors or modification of geometrical form. The ex-construction and deconstructive expression show significance in some characteristics such as folding, inclination, and geometrical explosion. The free form and nonlinear expression tend to increase dramatically based on the development of structure technology as well as execution and introduce of the digital design technique.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.1 s.14
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• pp.81-92
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• 1998

According to Post-modernists including deconstructivists, as Modernism is changed into Post-modernism, the paradigm is shifted from consciousness to language. The paradigm of consciousness corresponds to representational language, and the paradigm of language to self-referential one. In post-modern age most of architects are wandering what kind of language architecture is. Some theorists contend that architecture is representational, and others that it is self-referential. Allan Colquhoun, who is known as one of the best architectural theorists inUnited States, accepts both the former and the latter, but fails to reveal the meaning and the limitation, of the two languages. Although he believes that the representational language of architecture ('figure') is the source of self-referential language of architecture('form'), he never clearly answers what kind of language architecture. In order to overcome the limitation and the meaning of Colquhoun's figure and form, and synthesize the two language, this essay appropriates Martin Heidegger's some concepts, 'ready-to-hand,' 'present-at-hand' and 'being-in-the-world' to make a theoretical framework for 'image' which prevails over and synthesizes 'form' and 'figure.' Since Image is based upon both 'being-in-the world' and 'ready-to-hand,' it is the source of 'form' and 'figure.' When 'image' is fragmented, the former and the latter emerge. Image is therefore both the former and the latter because it represents and self-refers a world as a reality.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.456-464
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• 2016

To design the modified hull form with relatively unfavorable dimensions and constraints than the parent ship the stepwise design was applied. In each design step the resistance characteristics was estimated by numerical calculations using CFD programs as Wavis 1.4, Wavis 2.1 and Fluent 12.1. The wave profiles along hull surface by potential flow calculations were investigated to improve wave resistance by modifying the bow shapes. To improve the stern shapes with a point of viscous form resistance the pressure distributions on hull surface and the limiting streamlines are investigated by viscous flow calculations. The design objectives such as shortening the LBP, enlarging the propeller tip clearance, moving forward of the LCB location and increasing the displacement were applied by stepwise to develop the new hull form of DWT 75,000 product oil carrier. Finally a new hull form was developed without the resistance performance loss compared with the parent ship.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.7 no.3 s.25
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• pp.87-95
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• 2007

The recent completions of free-form spatial structures provide us a very attractive form. To realize such an extraordinary shape, it is absolutely necessary that the connector systems have to be investigated the characteristics of the systems and analyzed with a practicable method. In this context, this research consists of not only literature research but also numerical analysis with selected connector systems, which was adopted in real free-form spatial structures. For numerical analysis, especially, finite element analysis (FEA) is performed with a various test parameter using a commercial program ANSYS. Consequently, the general characteristics of node connectors the moment-rotation-curves are presented by considering a large deformation effect as well as a multi-linear material properties.