• Architectural research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2013

Throughout the history of architecture, sometimes the main focus of design was determined by a particular visual representation method, and other times a particular form of visual representation method was required by perception of a particular architectural issue or an architectural form or idea. That is why the visual representation method of architects becomes an important means of reading the flow of idea and thinking behind architecture. This study is an investigation on the relation between architectural thinking and visual representation method expressed through the conceptual drawings by avant-garde architects of the 1970s and 80s, a period of the emergence of postmodernism. Rather than proving the objective reality regarded important by traditional architectural drawing, attempts are made to express the design concept in which the project has its base. Such interpretation and explanation regarding the concept become the main interest of the drawing. It is not that the architecture itself was not expressed in the contents, but it may not be the main subject of expression in the drawing. The value of architectural drawing recovers its value as an art work in itself, as a means of communication, and as an important conceptual tool in the design process. It can be seen that the visual representation method in postmodern architectural drawings is breaking free of the traditional objective depiction of matter and is changing and developing as a design tool of the architect.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2002

As architectural forms tend to be large-scaled, high-storied and complicated, use of computer for processing design information has been generalized. However, CAD use in the process of developing architectural design has been neglected greatly in the educational field of architectural field due to the surging of recognition that it may limit the essential property of architectural design. It may be resulted from the limitation of CAD system, that is, it is because of tardy speed of application development for the related areas with the lack of simplicity and clarity of flexibility to be secured on the drawing and user interface. Recent CAD systems, however, overcome such a limitation, convert into object-based design from entity-based drawing, drafting and modeling for implementing design concept of architects and it connects with internet linked to superspeed information communication network and changes process and stream of architectural design. Therefore, this study deals with utility of object based CAD system with products of Autodesk Co. and consequently obtain the following conclusions. First, it expands architect's design areas by supporting cooperative design system based on model-based architectural design and internet. Second, it reduces consumption of personal and material resources and time in the process of drawing production for improving architectural design works. Third, it can reduce the frequent design changes by improving understanding of architectural space with visualization of immediate 3D information, escaping from traditional methods to deliver design information to building owner through 2D drawing or model and perspective drawing requiring much cost and time. Fourth, it keeps exactness without omission or duplication of design information and generate and renew information of all related drawings on a drawing. Fifth, it is possible to change difficult and boring architectural design work into a pleasure owing to immediate modeling and drawing of design idea. In addition, digital drawing generated by using object-based CAD system can playa role of establishing Urban Information System to be used for protecting from building in disaster and urban disasters in connection with GIS numerical map and be used for reference of all kinds of information required fro post-management of buildings. However, what is more important is that surplus time from introduction of object-based CAD system should be used for consideration to be recognized as a good space and building built as a product of this project for comfort to urban people.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.140-151
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to trace historical changes and to show broad spectrums in landscape architectural drawing. Drawing has been both a locus of interpreting a site and a vehicle of imagining the new landscape. The designed landscape might be influenced by the way to draw in landscape design. Despite of its importance, landscape architectural drawing has rarely been discussed. Here, the drawing will be understood as theoretical issues and texts for criticism. Recently, the drawing has primarily been recognized in functional and instrumental ways. The stereotypes office drawings such as plan, section, perspective, axonometric are typical examples. Its symbolic and metaphoric dimensions have been seriously diminished. As a result, the poetic power in the designed landscape might be devastated. Composite drawing, notation are the alternative drawings to overcome the above mentioned dilemma along with the adaption of collage and photomontage. Finally, I would argue that landscape architectural drawing can be a creative tool to elicit the idea and to reveal the trace of memory. It could be also a poetic locus to postulating the vision. Designers should utilize both traditional drawing and experimental drawing in order to reconcile the instrumental representation with the symbolic representation.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 컴퓨터소사이어티 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.247-250
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• 2003

This paper proposed to digital watermarking technique for architectural drawing using LINES and ARCs based on vertex in CAD system to prevent infringement of copyright from unlawfulness reproductions and distribution. After extract LINES and ARCs from designed drawing, we embed watermarks using adaptive algorithm in each characteristics. Watermarks robust to various attacks like as geometrical transformation as being embedded in LINE's length and ARC's angle information. Also, the proposed method satisfies enough transparency about watermarked drawing because have suitable embedding strength to each component. By experimental result, we confirmed robustness and invisibility of embedded watermarks in several conversions of architectural design drawing.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2013

This study aims at finding out the characteristics and influences of Libeskind's early drawing works through comparisons of each drawing. The importance of his experimental drawing works is not only their uniqueness but also relationship to creation and development of his architecture. Libeskind's musical and educational background had great impacts on forming his early drawings. A series of drawings including 'Micromegas', 'Chamberworks', and 'Theatrum Mundi' shows variety and experiments about reconstruction of three dimensional architectural fragments, abstractive line drawing and plane oriented painting. Libeskind himself cease to experiment drawing techniques but their characteristics still remain in his sketches, diagram and conceptual drawings. In spite of influences of undergraduate design studios, theoretical background of graduate studies, their experimental features are due to his continuous endeavor to make and develop his drawing skills and contents. As a result, his early drawings act as media and way to communicate and develop his concepts.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.347-358
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• 2002

건축드로잉이 미래의 지어질 건축을 예상하기 위해 필요한 단순히 기능적인 그래픽이라는 전통적인 개념에서 변화하고 있다. 특히 해체주의 건축가들 사이에서 개성적인 그래픽 요소들은 그들의 자기표현적인 스타일을 실현시키는데 큰 기여를 하고 있다. 오로지 미학적인 이유에서 그래픽이 필요한 경우가 있는 반면에 몇몇 경우는 드로잉이라는 작업 자체가 보다 근본적인 자기탐구과정의 성격을 갖기도 한다. 다니엘 리베스킨트의 건축드로잉이 그러한 경우로서 타이포그래피적 성격은 그의 작업의 큰 특징을 이룬다. 타이포그래피적 요소를 그의 드로잉 전반에 걸쳐서 추상적 상징주의 표현의 메티포로서 즐겨 사용함으로써 보다 본격적인 타이포그래피적 접근을 가능성을 제기한다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 타이포그래피 요소들이 어떻게 그의 건축드로잉에서 해석될 수 있는가에 주목하고 어떤 상호연관성이 이질적인 두 영역 사이에 개입되는지, 또한 보조적 수단으로서가 아닌 적극적인 역할로서 그의 실제 건축에 반영되는강에 대해서 분석하고자 한다. 더불어 활자 그 자체가 서로 다른 매체를 만나서 상징화 과정이 부여되는 유형적 분류들을 통해서 리베스킨트 건축드로잉의 해석에 대한 다양한 가능성을 제기하고자 한다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.1601-1611
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• 2007

In this paper, we presented geometric CAD watermarking scheme for Architectural design drawings using line, arc, and circle components to prevent infringement of copyright from unlawfulness reproductions and distribution. The conventional CAD watermarking scheme can be applied to both line and arc components. But the proposed scheme consists of line, arc and circle watermarking schemes for three basic components of CAD design. After extracting line, arc and circle components from designed drawing, the watermark is embedded into the length of Line component, the angle of arc component, and the radius of circle component considering the robustness against various geometric transformations. The embedding strengths in each component are determined to be preserving the transparency of the watermark. By experimental result, we confirmed the robustness and the invisibility of embedded watermarks in several conversions of architectural design drawing.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to suggest the way of automatic building code checking for architectural drawings in the web environment to enhance the utility of CALS/EC standard drawings and efficiency of construction industry business. To fulfil this aim, the authors seek to standardize the architectural drawing automatic checking system by linked drawing information to the STEP based CALS/EC standard format. Therefore, the automatic building code checking system can represent a way of utilizing the relationship between the construction CALS/EC standard drawings and the related study as well as improve the efficient of the construction work by sharing a variety of drawing information.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2000

Internet services are utilizing a variety of server/client technologies. In particular internet technologies provide improved accessibility to information for facility management customers and users for the systems. This study is the architectural data exchange system development more effective management and accept using on Internet web environment. This paper is the explore the use of computers in architectural planning that how the information may be extracted drawing entered into database and exchanged architectural detail data interfaces. System support communication and interactive collaboration among designers through complex Building object during the Design. There are four part in collaborative design system. User Management system, Standard Database System, Project Database System and Interface system. All Data are recognizable format include drawing file and contents. Web/DB server supported communication and collaboration among partners in the building design and construction process. Collaborative Design system is provide new conceptual framework that exist in the Web.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제8호
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• pp.44-57
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• 1996

Now interior designers have to meet this challenge by rising to the occasion and taking advantage of opportunities while strengthening their skills which have not kept pace with the increasing emphasis on design. furthermore, they are hampered by the lack of a general working design methodology. Interior designers in Korea have been slow to recognize the need for developing a specification methodology manual which could be adapted to meet varying requirements and modified to reflect designers experiences. The design process in Korean interior design often involves utilizing drawing document methods based on architectural prototypes rather than upon drawing methods developed by design firms as a result of work experience s and unique needs. However, these unique nees are nearly always limited by traditional working drawing methods. This has led to confusion and inaccuracies due to the lack of a single starndardized and universally acceptable working drawing methodology which is capable of reflecting the needs of all parties involved , partiality those of interior designers. This thesis is an attmepted to establish the necessity for developing a better working drawing methodogoy or technical mans of satisfying the information sorting and processing need s of interior design professionals, a five step suggestion for developing such a methodology follows. First, arrange pertinent design research information by means of a process which can be employed throughout the design process, from inception through to working drawing stage. The end result should be an interior architectural design process culminating in a pattern skillfully blending architecture, vision and product with environment . The design process should be manifested into a series of definable steps and yet sufficiently flexible and variable in order to provide the most apropos design solution. Secondly , motify the design methodology systematically according to site conditions and prevailing construction technology and manifest the design process in a booklet form so that it reflects a desired pattern. Thirdly, this methodology should incorporate a stand-ardized and functional process capable of being utilized to impact clear design concepts and objectives with preci-sion and efficiency in a manual form.