• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.149-156
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• 2013

The performances of solar collectors with single and double evacuated tube were experimentally compared. The solar collector with single evacuated tube using surface treatment in this study consists of radiation fin, heat pipe, absorber plate, glass tube, cap and regulating valve, and so on. Surface treatment was conducted for heat pipe and absorber plate with black chrome plating and copper black coating. As the results, the performance of solar collector with single evacuated tube using surface treatment showed good results compared that of double evacuated tube. Absorber plate played a positive role in performance and showed increase of about 28%. Further performance depends on vacuum degree and vacuum degree has to be considered economical efficiency in solar collector.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.165-170
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of temperature variation of Spandrels. According to the change of SHGC of Window system, air space, insulation performance and absorption factor of inner surface at the Spandrels, It was firstly estimated by using simulation. Secondly, measured to minimize the temperature-rise of inner surface temperature and the intermediate air temperature by using Full-scale Mock-up based on the result of simulation analysis. As a result, it turns out that low SHGC window system such as BIPV system had an advantage of reducing the window surface temperature, and the surface temperature of clear window system was all higher than BIPV system on simulation results. In the experiment results, it had some advantages of increasing the Spandrels volume, decreasing insulation performance and lower absorption factor.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.196-203
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• 2013

Flexible stretch forming is an appropriate process for manufacturing of components for aerospace, shipbuilding and architecture structures. Flexible stretch forming has several advantages including that it could be applied to form various shapes such as ones with double curved surfaces. In this study, a systematic numerical simulation was conducted for forming double curved surfaces using flexible stretch forming. The desired surface had a saddle type configuration. It had two radii one of 2500mm and the other of 2000mm along its length and width. In the simulation, the decrease of elastic recovery due to the stretching was confirmed. Experiments were also conducted to confirm the viability of the process. By comparing the simulation to the experiment results, the suitability of flexible stretch forming for double curved surfaces was verified. From the results, the maximum error from desired surface was confirmed at about 1.3mm at the edge of the surface. Hence, it is confirmed that flexible stretch forming has the capability and feasibility to manufacture curved surfaces for architectural skin-structures of buildings.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.147-154
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• 2020

The exterior finishing of reinforced concrete buildings is one of the important factors to prevent durability and prevent natural environment or disaster such as temperature, snow, wind, rain from the outside as well as external design of buildings. Finishing methods can be divided into wet and dry methods. The wet method using paint is relatively easy to construct, but it requires repair and reinforcement every 1 to 5 years and requires a lot of LCC for maintenance. Finishing method using panel has good durability, but it is difficult to install and expensive. Therefore, in this paper, we evaluate the bond strength for the application of the metal spray method in order to overcome the problems of existing methods. Experimental results show that the sandblast + surface roughness agent(S-R(Y)) has a roughness of 41.16 ㎛ and the bond strength is about 3.19 MPa, which is the highest bond strength. In addition, the grinding + surface roughness agent(G-R(Y)) application showed roughness of about 36.59 ㎛ and secured the bond strength performance of 2.94 MPa.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.53-58
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to build a database of Spatial information Bigdata of cities using satellite images and spatial information, and to examine the correlations with the surface temperature. Using architectural structure and usage in building information, DEM and Slope topographical information for constructed with 300 × 300 mesh grids for Busan. The satellite image is used to prepare the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Bare Soil Index (BI), and Land Surface Temperature (LST). In addition, the building area in the grid was calculated and the building ratio was constructed to build the urban environment DB. In architectural structure, positive correlation was found in masonry and concrete structures. On the terrain, negative correlations were observed between DEM and slope. NDBI and BI were positively correlated, and NDVI was negatively correlated. The higher the Building ratio, the higher the surface temperature. It was found that the urban environment DB could be used as a basic data for urban environment analysis, and it was possible to quantitatively grasp the impact on the architecture and urban environment by adding local meteorological factors. This result is expected to be used as basic data for future urban environment planning and disaster prevention data construction.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.443-457
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• 2011

The loss of strength in a structure as a result of cyclic loads over a period of life time is an important phenomenon for the life-cycle analysis. Service loads are accentuated at the areas of stress concentration, mainly at the connection of components. Structural components unavoidably are affected by defects such as surface scratches, surface roughness and weld defects of random sizes, which usually occur during the manufacturing and handling process. These defects are shown to have an important effect on the fatigue life of the structural components by promoting crack initiation sites. The value of equivalent initial flaw size (EIFS) is calculated by using the back extrapolation technique and the Paris law of fatigue crack growth from results of fatigue tests. We try to analyze the effect of EIFS distribution in a multiple site damage (MSD) specimen by using the extended finite element method (XFEM). For the analysis, fatigue tests were conducted on the centrally-cracked specimens and MSD specimens.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.119-127
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• 2010

This study investigates the examples of artistic intervention especially on the surface of architecture as a meeting place of art and architecture. Artistic intervention demonstrates the possibilities for the meaningful integration of arts into architectural spaces. This study summarizes the characteristics of artistic intervention on the surfaces of architectures as follow; first, the artistic intervention is applied to the broad ranges of designs including public art, architectural design and sign design that establish identities and unique characters to the spaces. Second, the artistic intervention on the surfaces is conducted by the participation of the various fields of artists, i.e. painters, installation artists, graphic designers and landscape designers. The artistic intervention is also conducted by individual collaboration between artists and architects as well as by the forms of public art of art-in-architecture program. Third, the artistic intervention on the surfaces is expressed using the complex combination of images, colors, patterns, and texts. They are applied to enhance the aesthetic and symbolic characters of buildings in public arts, to improve the visual characters of architectural design with graphics, colors, and patterns, as well as to increase communication skills and cognitive effects of sign design with letters and colors on walls and floor surfaces. Fourth, the artistic intervention is also applied on the surfaces to encourage people to communicate historic and symbolic meanings related to the locations and functions. Thus, graphics on the architectural surfaces could provide a public space, with which people could share common feeling on public arts. As a conclusion, the study finds that artistic intervention either as artworks or as elements of architectural design can not only enhance the aesthetic quality of architectural space but also expand the techniques of design representation. In addition, the artistic intervention can contribute to create a new realm of design where artists and architects work together to enrich our surroundings.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.51-58
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze characteristics of Cell surface temperature and generated power performance for improving PV(Photovoltaic) system condition according to the cell opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system at Spandrel of curtain-wall. For this purpose, alternatives were classified for eight different cases that opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system varied from 0% to 70%, which was used by simulation tool, EnergyPlus. As results, it turned out that increasing opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system led higher PV surface temperature, back-sheet type was thus the most advantageous for decreasing surface temperature, annual generating efficiency, and annual accumulated generating power. Consequently, blocking off air space from outside insolation can advantageously keep to be better condition for generated power performance.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.481-496
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• 2024

Internal erosion around pipes can lead to the failure of earth dams through various mechanisms. This study investigates the displacement patterns in earth dam models under three different failure modes due to internal erosion, using digital image correlation (DIC) methods. Three failure modes—erosion along a pipe (FM1), pipe leakage leading to soil erosion (FM2), and erosion in a pipe due to defects (FM3)—are analyzed using two- and three-dimensional image- processing techniques. The internal displacement of the cross-sectional area and the surface displacement of the downstream slope in the dam models are monitored using an image acquisition system. Physical model tests reveal that FM1 exhibits significant displacement on the upper surface of the downstream slope, FM2 shows focused displacement around the pipe defect, and FM3 demonstrates increased displacement on the upstream slope. The variations in internal and surface displacements with time depend on the segmented area and failure mode. Analyzing the relationships between internal and surface displacements using Pearson correlation coefficients reveals various displacement patterns for the segmented areas and failure modes. Therefore, the image-based characterization methods presented in this study may be useful for analyzing the displacement distribution and behavior of earth dams around pipes, and further, for understanding and predicting their failure mechanisms.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.229-235
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• 2009

In a domestic construction field, floor surface must be covered not to be scratched and polluted by protector until resident comes in. However this protector restricts the contaminant to leave from floor surface. So when the protector is removed, much contaminant is emitted from the floor surface to inside and makes a bad influence on the indoor air quality, In this research, it will be tested the reduction performance of contaminant between a normal protector and a contaminant absorption protector using charcoal powder.