• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.29-39
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• 2013

Architecture has been expressed a complexity of their civilization with evolving into a living spaces and a crystalloid of culture in the times. So, architecture is always a dramatic phenomenon related to architectural aesthetic and technical expression in harmony with social and cultural issues by the times. From this point of view, we can describe that architecture is one of an important mediators to analyze the integrated trend of time. Specially an expressed building envelop which is a matter of consequence in the architectural component is first visual factor including architectural meaning and historical back ground. Therefore, this study firstly starts an investment for discriminative characteristics of building envelop design in the times, then will take the comparative analysis related with modern age and contemporary age based on phases of the times. This research will give the chance to prepare of the pillar of future envelop design in the practical affairs and has simultaneously the chance to understand of inclusive envelop design methodology by the changes of the times.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.23-34
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• 2019

The façade, a fundamental function as a skin that protects human life from external environment such as cold and hot weather, snow, rain, and wind, etc, has served as a media for communication between indoor space of the building and outside space. From the media for communication point of view, the approach to envelope design, in which environmental elements are transmitted internally through the filtering of external environments, has been evolving in various ways from the past to the present. Today, modern architecture technologies including curtain wall systems and user-friendly computer programming and environmental analysis programs demonstrate a differentiated approach to envelope design related to the indoor environment. For this reason, it is worth noting that the envelope design factors and trends that appear variously in the UNStudio's projects before and after the 2000s. The factors reflected in the envelop design in conjunction with the indoor environment obtained through the case study of the UNStudio's office projects were daylight environment, thermal environment, ventilation, noise, privacy and view, and consideration for daylight environment and thermal environment was reflected in many cases through the case study. Looking at the changes in the diagrams in order of year, it can be seen that the envelope design using the environmental analysis tool has been performed since 2006. This is a clue to show the envelop design changes from the conceptual method to the data-based one. The diagrams and analysis results related to the envelop design showed that the thermal environment related to solar radiation was the most, and no diagrams and analysis related to the indoor illumination were found. Since 2010, PV panel installation has been shown in the envelope design, which can be found in the increased efficiency of PV panels due to the technological advances and the decrease in production cost.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

The objectives of this study are to clarify the impacts of stack effect in high-rise residential buildings and to present technical methods to reduce stack effect. For the evaluation of stack effect, architectural design guidelines were used and computer program simulations based on network model were performed. The evaluation shows that problems due to stack effect may be reduced by appropriate architectural designs, such as increase in air-tightness of building envelop, and provision of vestibules around entrance and elevator hall doors.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.14 no.3 s.43
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• pp.89-102
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• 2005

Frank Lloyd Wright and Mies van der Rohe are two of the most influential architects in modern architecture. In spite of the different values in their architectural lives, the design of high-rise building had been a continuous matter of primary concern for them. The purpose of this study is to compare the architectural characteristics of the two master architects in terms of building form, structure, function, and envelop skin. glass. Both of them shared with the principle of organic architecture even in the design of high-rise buildings. However, the specific approaches to realize it in high-rise buildings are significantly different. Although they emphasized the integration of building form and structure, Wright regarded the reinforced concrete structure as an organic form-giver, while Mies introduced the steel skeleton structure only as an efficient and flexible building frame. As primary finishing materials for high-rise buildings, glass was used for functional purpose by Wright, but for visual purpose by Mies.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 2008

In this paper, excitation systems using a linear mass shaker (LMS) and an active tuned mass damper (ATMD) are presented to simulate the wind induced responses of a building structure. The actuator force for the excitation systems is calculated by using the inverse transfer function of a target structural response to the actuator. Filter and envelop functions are used to prevent the actuator from exciting unexpected modal responses and an initial transient response and thus, to minimize the error between the wind and actuator induced responses. The analyses results from a 76-story benchmark building problem for which the wind load obtained by a wind tunnel test is given, indicate that the excitation system installed at a specific floor can approximately reproduce the structural responses induced by the wind load applied to each floor of the structure. The excitation system designed by the proposed method can be effectively used for evaluating the wind response characteristics of a practical building structure and for obtaining an accurate analytical model of the building under wind load.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.131-134
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• 2006

This study aims to inspect changes of physical expression in surfaces of both building interior and exterior in contemporary architecture. Nowadays society has transformed into more complicated framework with the development of the new media and digital technology in 21 century. Surface's expressivity has been changed with design trend and material development. Although surface study has been mainly concentrated on properties of materials and structure characters, new technology and cultural acceptance enables it extend itself to a new area with various design methods, taking its place as an important contemporary architectural element. Interior surface design is expressed with several unique methods such as optical illusion, surface exposure and spacial depth and volume, and it created dynamic space within the surface itself. In case of exterior surface, whole space seems to be designed to be coordinated with structured optical illusion as well as symbolic expression. Surface's area is extends itself with the stream of the times. This study explored the nature of surfaces with categorizing and comparing them in a various views and methods.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.337-344
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• 2012

Today, the number of super tall buildings are under construction or being planed in Middle East and Asian Countries. For example the burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, is completed in 2008 and the height of that is about 800m. Also, Lotte World Tower is under construction in Korea. External environmental conditions such as wind speed, air temperature, humidity and solar radiation around the super tall building differs according to the building height due to the vertical micro climate change. However, the meteorological information used for AC design of building is obtained typically from standard surface meterological station data(~2m above the ground). In this paper the effect of the building envelope on heating and cooling load in super tall building considering the meteorological changes with height was analyzed with simulation method. As results of this research, the guideline to select the building envelop alternatives for super tall building will be suggested in this paper.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 2022

The number of architects who adopt BIM(Building Information Modeling) as the design method are gradually increasing because of its productivity and efficiency. Climate Change and Global Warming lead to legislation of new energy regulations and strengthen existing ones. The current architectural design methods (2D CAD) take a lot of time and effort to verify energy codes and are hard to adjust according to the design changes. The purpose of this study is to show the effectiveness of the BIM in building envelop energy modeling of the housing project. In the process of design method change, We could contribute to increasing productivity and efficiency in building energy verification through BIM because the updated value could be calculated simultaneously without information omission or recalculation process. The procedure for the study is as follows. Using BIM of the Goldin at Essex Crosing Housing Project by Revit 2011 as a case model, this study analyze the criteria for energy plan to conform to the energy code in NYC. The result value from the setting of the Revit model is compared with the reference value required by the NYC Energy Code. Finally, the data from BIM are entered into COMckeck, the energy verification program provided by U.S. Department of Energy, to check whether the building envelope energy performance conforms to NYC Energy Code.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.409-416
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• 2009

This paper presents a tool called Quality-Cost optimization system (QCOS), which integrates Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD), for tradeoff between quality and cost of the unitized metal curtain-wall unit. A construction owner as the external customer pursues to maximize the quality of the curtain-wall unit. However, the contractor as the internal customer pursues to minimize the cost involved in designing, manufacturing and installing the curtain-wall unit. It is crucial for project manager to find the tradeoff point which satisfies the conflicting interests pursued by the both parties. The system would be beneficial to establish a quality plan satisfying the both parties. Survey questionnaires were administered to the construction owner who has an experience of curtain-wall project, the architects who are the independent assessor, and the contractors who were involved in curtain-wall design and installation. The Customer Requirements (CRs) and their importance weights, the relationship between CRs and Technical Attributes (TAs) consisting of a curtain-wall unit, and the cost ratios of each components consisting curtain-wall unit are obtained from the three groups mentioned previously. The data obtained from the surveys were used as the QFD input to compute the Owner Satisfaction (OS) and Contractor Satisfaction (CS). MOGA is applied to optimize resource allocation under limited budget when multi-objectives, OS and CS, are pursued at the same time. The deterministic multi-objective optimization method using MOGA and QFD is extended to stochastic model to better deal with the uncertainties of QFD input and the variability of QFD output. A case study demonstrates the system and verifies the system conformance.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.77-88
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• 2002

This article deals the investigations how to solve the social deficiencies of deteriorate apartments, which is a half cycle of a building and it goes slum clearance and redevelopment. And this proposes an active remodeling and design strategy, management, and housing policies for extending the usage of the resource. Most of apartment housing in Korea is built by the panel wall and slab structure system fur economic price. To remake is possible, even though not designed in flexibility and variation. The remodeling strategies are dwelling unification, transformation of two units to one or three units, addition of a room, changing into commercial and community required spaces, and reshaping of a envelop and facade by addition of a dwelling or dwellings, roof floors, change of materials and colors, and so on. And, all activities in structural aspect are proposed removal in upper part and addition in lower part of an apartment housing. Active remodeling cost a great deal compare to new construction, so any remodeling activities should be based on a minimal interfere and budgets to enhancing the quality in existing building. The final aim of an active remodeling is to enhance the quality in economic values, and to keep original state and to put on the new one in a small part. To promote the active and careful management and rehabilitation, it is necessary to give the positive incentive in terms of architectural law, bank loan, and any redevelopment project should get the remodeling record in national resources.