• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2018

Purpose: To compare the Appropriateness of abdominal CT to abdominal radiography as an imaging modality in terms of the diagnostic value, medical costs and decision making times for patients presented to the emergency department with nontraumatic abdominal pain. Methods: This study used the records of 530 cases presented to the emergency department(ED) with nontraumatic abdominal pain from February to March 2012. Imaging modalities were categorized into abdominal radiography and CT (radiography first or CT first) or radiography alone or CT alone. The diagnostic value, total medical costs and effect on decision making time of the each imaging modalities were compared. Especially, in retrospective review, to evaluate the predictability of the abdominal radiography, alit was assumed that all the 530 cases performed that exam as initial imaging. Results: Among 530 cases, 255 cases underwent abdominal radiography only, 28 cases underwent abdominal CT only and the remnant 247 cases underwent abdominal CT with plain abdominal radiography. The diagnostic value was higher in the cases with abdominal CT (268/275, 97.5%) than in the cases with plain abdominal radiography (19/255, 7.5%).The number of cases predicted by abdominal radiography only as initial imaging were 39/530 (7.4%). In cases where the patients performed the abdominal CT as the first imaging modality thereby omitting the abdominal radiography, the total diagnostic imaging fee was lower than in cases with plain abdominal radiography first followed by the abdominal CT (277,140 vs. 284,226(mean, Korean Won)). Although diagnostic value of the plain abdominal radiography as first imaging modality was lower than the abdominal CT, Decision making time, average duration of hospital stay was longer and the total medical costs was higher than abdominal CT. Conclusion: As an imaging modality in the ED for patients with acute nontraumatic abdominal pain, plain abdominal radiography is an avoidable procedure when viewed in terms of the diagnostic value and total medical costs and decision making times comparing with abdominal CT.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.57-67
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• 2009

This study proposed a practical metaphor development process that consisted of three steps: 1) identifying major functions, 2) developing metaphor candidates, and 3) evaluating appropriateness of the candidates. In the first step, a total of 27 functions might be implemented in a driver information system (DIS) in the near future. Then, three metaphor candidates were selected from existing metaphors, which were reported to be more practical than others by previous studies. Finally, the candidates were evaluated on their appropriateness for driver information systems by using a quick and simple survey. As a result, two metaphors (a PC and a secretary) were identified as the most appropriate ones. The two metaphors can be used to design a variety of interfaces and interactions for driver information systems. In addition, the development process proposed in this study could be applied to developing metaphors for emerging devices with a variety of functions (e.g. PMPs, MP3s, and electronic dictionaries) as well as driver information systems.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.507-515
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• 2008

Many studies have generally used a large number of pure pixels as an approach to training set design. The training set are used, however, varies between classifiers. In the recent research, it was reported that small mixed pixels between classes are actually more useful than larger pure pixels of each class in Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification. We evaluated a usability of small mixed pixels as a training set for the classification of high-resolution satellite imagery. We presented an advanced approach to obtain a mixed pixel readily, and evaluated the appropriateness with the land cover classification from IKONOS satellite imagery. The results showed that the accuracy of the classification based on small mixed pixels is nearly identical to the accuracy of the classification based on large pure pixels. However, it also showed a limitation that small mixed pixels used may provide insufficient information to separate the classes. Small mixed pixels of the class border region provide cost-effective training sets, but its use with other pixels must be considered in use of high-resolution satellite imagery or relatively complex land cover situations.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.65-89
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• 2019

This study has the aim of developing an evaluation index that can help evaluate the reliability of the information resources of institutions retaining humanities assets for the purposes of laying out the foundation for providing one-stop portal service for humanities assets. To this end, the evaluation index was derived through the analysis of previous research, case studies, and interviews with experts, the derived evaluation index was then applied to the humanities assets retaining institutions to verify the utility. The institutional information resources' reliability evaluation index consisted of the two dimensions of the institutions' own reliability evaluation index. The institution provided a service and system evaluation index. The institutions' own reliability evaluation index consisted of 25 points for institutional authority, 25 points for data collection and construction, 30 points for data provision, and 20 points for appropriateness of data, for a total of 100 points, respectively. The institution provided service and system evaluation indexes consisting of 25 points for information quality, 15 points for appropriateness (decency), 15 points for accessibility, 20 points for tangibility, 15 points for form, and 10 points for cooperation, for the total of 100 points, respectively. The derived evaluation index was used to evaluate the utility of 6 institutions representing humanities assets through application. Consequently, the reliability of the information resources retained by the Research Information Service System (RISS) of the Korea Education & Research Information Service (KERIS) turned out to be the highest.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.175-196
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• 2005

This Paper examines analytic studies of the evaluation system used for evaluating government-supported R&D Institutes (GSRIs), and designs a new model for analyzing the evaluation system's effectiveness. The analytic models in existing studies use the meta evaluation and balanced scorecard (BSC) models. However, theses studies focused on the structure and elements of the evaluation system for examples, the appropriateness of the elements within the evaluation system and the balance of the evaluation index. Accordingly, the effectiveness of the GSRI evaluation system, that is, the evaluation's influence on GSRI performance improvement was not analyzed. This study uses the institution theory and contingency theory perspectives as related to government organization management to develop an analytical model of GSRI evaluation system effectiveness. The new model proposes an analytical approach for improving the effectiveness of the GSRI evaluation system in an institutionalized environment.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.152-165
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• 1998

Background : In this paper patient outcomes research is going to be reviewed and described, to be compared with relevant studies, and to consider the application in Korea. Methods : We compiled and reviewed the articles and materials related to patient outcomes research especially by PORT(Patient Outcomes Research Team) and rearranged them for seeking the main point and comparing with relevant studies. Results : Patient outcomes research emphasizes patient outcomes as well as conventional clinical outcomes. It is prospective study observing effectiveness in real situation instead of efficacy in ideal condition. Patient outcomes research comprises of 6 fields ; literature review and meta-analysis, use of claims data, decision modeling, outcomes assessment, cost of care, dissemination of research findings. SAA(small-area variations analysis), appropriateness study and clinical practice guideline are connected with patient outcomes research. Conclusion : In view of the fact that current medical policy in Korea is shifting its focus from accessibility to the improvement in quality and cost containment, and is stressing patient-based research, patient outcomes research is one direction for which the medicine is accountable and assessable. Considering that the number of patient receiving medical treatment in Korea is higher than the West, patient outcomes research has competitive power as against the West.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2022

The high wind wave alert has a great impact on ships and maritime service workers navigating in the vicinity of Korea. This study aims to evaluate the appropriateness of the high wind wave alert by comparing and analyzing the observation data of major marine meteorological buoys with the high wind wave alerts in the coastal sea and offshore of the West Sea, South Sea, and the East Sea announced by the Korea Meteorological Administration for the past 11 years(2010-2020). As a result of comparing the daily, monthly, and annual statistics of the high wind wave alert and marine meteorological buoy observation data for each sea area by annual, monthly, and seasonal average, the accuracy of high wind wave alerts was very low across the entire sea area. In particular, it was analyzed that the accuracy in the coastal sea of the South Sea and Jejudo was the lowest in winter. It was confirmed that the accuracy of marine weather forecasts and alerts needs to be improved when considering the effects of the high wind wave alerts on fishing vessels, passenger ships operations and tourism, and marine leisure activities.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.411-424
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• 2009

Morality is one of the references when people judge the world. In two studies we addressed the impact of social distance and mood on moral judgment. Participants judged the people who kill one person to save the many by moral and action appropriateness. In study 1 Social distance was induced in best friends and strangers condition. We hypothesized that judgments rely on deontology depends on social distance. Study 1 showed that same actions in moral dilemmas are judged more severely when the people are more socially distant(strangers). But this effect of social distant was found only judgment of moral appropriateness. Study 2 examined how mood can affect moral judgment. There have been many work investigated the role of mood in determining the kind of cognitive processing. Results from study 2 showed participants in positive mood condition are judged more severely. This difference between positive and negative mood was found only judgment of action appropriateness in contrast with study 1. These results suggested that moral judgment can be affected by social distance and mood. We also found that these factors have selected impact on moral and action appropriateness.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.158-167
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• 2014

Objectives : The results from randomized controlled trials on traditional medicine have been negative or ambiguous. The appropriateness of the research methodology started to be questioned. However, the research methodology appropriate for studying traditional medicine has not been well-established. This study aims to explore the appropriate research methodologies for clinical studies on acupuncture. Methods : Clinical researches evaluating the efficacy and effectiveness of acupuncture for back pain were systematically searched and evaluated focusing on research methodology. The acupuncture treatment protocol is evaluated by 9 items which is individual treatment based on diagnosis, combining proximal and distal acupoints, exact location of acupoint, De Qi, adequate stimulation, duration of acupuncture, treatment sessions, treatment interval, and establishing relationship between patients and doctors. Results : Systematic review of acupuncture researches on low back pain suggested that observational studies and pragmatic trials rather than explanatory studies could incorporate these elements. Qualitative studies also could help understanding complex characteristics of acupuncture treatment which could not be evaluated by quantitative studies. Conclusions : In designing clinical researches on acupuncture, various study designs, especially observational study and pragmatic study, should be considered according to research objectives and subjects. The efforts to incorporate the core characteristics of acupuncture practiced in everyday clinical setting are also essential.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.49-65
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• 2006

This attitudes scale for prediction of mathematics achievement by elementary school students was developed from 50 initial items from the literature rated for content validity by 30 experts. The ratings rendered 31 revised items used for exploratory factor analysis and reliability tests. The 31 items were administered to 183 elementary students in 4th, 5th, and 6th grades, yielding 4 factors : enjoyment, confidence, value, and motivation with high inter-items consistency. To confirm appropriateness of the constructed model and to test its predictability in mathematics achievements, confirmative factor analysis and discriminant analysis were performed on 693 cases. Results showed that the attitude scale model of 4 factors can be recommended for use in the measurement of elementary school students' attitudes toward mathematics.