• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 1999

In some cases a towing vessel and her tow, a fishing boat, and a vessel at anchor have a priority against a general power-driven vessel underway in the application of collision rule. This article aims at suggesting a practical guide for the construction of the meaning of a vessel engaging in fishing, a vessel engaged in towing operation such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course and a vessel at anchor, which are permitted to have the above priority. The construction of the application of the collision rule on the above vessels is supported by the decisions of MAIA and the judgment of civil courts.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.702-712
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• 2023

Load balancing plays a crucial role in ensuring the stable operation of information management systems during periods of high user access requests; therefore, load balancing approaches should be reasonably selected. Moreover, appropriate load balancing techniques could also result in an appropriate allocation of system resources, improved system service, and economic benefits. Nginx is one of the most widely used loadbalancing software packages, and its deployment is representative of load-balancing application research. This study introduces Nginx into an educational administration system, builds a server cluster, and compares and sets the optimal cluster working strategy based on the characteristics of the system, Furthermore, it increases the stability of the system when user access is highly concurrent and uses the Nginx reverse proxy service function to improve the cluster's ability to resist illegal attacks. Finally, through concurrent access verification, the system cluster construction becomes stable and reliable, which significantly improves the performance of the information system service. This research could inform the selection and application of load-balancing software in information system services.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.3515-3524
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• 2023

A reinforcement learning framework is proposed for the control problem of outlet steam pressure of the once-through steam generator(OTSG) in this paper. The double-layer controller using Proximal Policy Optimization(PPO) algorithm is applied in the control structure of the OTSG. The PPO algorithm can train the neural networks continuously according to the process of interaction with the environment and then the trained controller can realize better control for the OTSG. Meanwhile, reinforcement learning has the characteristic of difficult application in real-world objects, this paper proposes an innovative pretraining method to solve this problem. The difficulty in the application of reinforcement learning lies in training. The optimal strategy of each step is summed up through trial and error, and the training cost is very high. In this paper, the LSTM model is adopted as the training environment for pretraining, which saves training time and improves efficiency. The experimental results show that this method can realize the self-adjustment of control parameters under various working conditions, and the control effect has the advantages of small overshoot, fast stabilization speed, and strong adaptive ability.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.397-415
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• 2022

As the global warming problem becomes serious, the need for carbon cycle education in school is increasing. Adopting systems thinking ability is needed to understand the carbon cycle systematically. Furthermore, under the rapid change of environment, society, and economy, systems thinking ability is being emphasized as it can strengthen the competencies of students who will be leading the future society. The purposes of this study are as follows: first, is developing the systems thinking instrument for the carbon cycle and the rubric for analysis of systems thinking instrument. The second is analyzing the systems thinking ability of students using the developed instrument and rubric. In order to perform this study, previous studies related to the carbon cycle and systems thinking education were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the systems thinking instrument for the carbon cycle and rubric were developed. The systems thinking ability was analyzed by implementing the developed instrument and rubric to 172 high school and university students. The results of this study are as follows: first, the systems thinking instrument for the carbon cycle was developed, and a rubric utilization guide was constructed. The instrument and rubric were modified through pilot study for middle school students producing expert opinion in relation to systems thinking and carbon cycle. Second, the systems thinking ability of students was analyzed. Consequently, students had systems thinking ability fully at a low level, such as identifying the variables related to the carbon cycle. However, it was shown that they lacked the systems thinking ability at a high level, such as time delay and feedback processes. The importance of the carbon cycle has been increasing since the global warming is the most pressing issue and significant environmental problem facing us today. Application of the systems thinking ability can contribute to understanding these complex problems and finding fundamental solutions.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.300-308
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of eucalyptus aroma therapy on relieving allergic rhinitis symptoms, improving learning ability and quality of life among university students. Methods: In this study, a non-equivalent control group repeated measured design was applied. Participants included 48 students (24 participants in the experiment and 24 participants in the control group) who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Data were collected on 3 occasions, before eucalyptus aroma application, 4 weeks after the application, and 8 weeks after the application. Collected data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, Fishers exact test, independent t-test, repeated measured ANCOVA and paired t-test with SPSS 21.0. Results: There were significant differences in allergic symptoms (F=6.926, p=.002) and quality of life (F=3.793, p=.026) according to the time periods after aroma application. Conclusion: Eucalyptus aroma therapy is effective in reducing the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and enhancing the quality of life of university students. It is recommended that eucalyptus aroma therapy be used for university students with allergic rhinitis to reduce their symptoms, and it is recommended that the application of the therapy be extended over 4 weeks.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.3326-3330
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• 2014

A quinoline-thiooxorhodamine conjugate fluorescent sensor (1) has been synthesized. Sensor 1 exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity to $Hg^{2+}$ in $H_2O$/DMSO (95/5, v/v, HEPES 20 mM, pH = 7.4) solution with fluorescence detection. Other tested metal ions do not induce any significant fluorescence intensity changes. Sensor 1 interacts with $Hg^{2+}$ through a 1:1 binding stoichiometry with a good anti-inference ability. In addition, fluorescent imaging of $Hg^{2+}$ in Hela cells is also successfully demonstrated.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.367-374
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• 2016

In this study, we proposed the development of smart application for English speaking effectively. First, to develop English learning application, we applied the TTS feature to record your own sounds and learning theory repeated listening and speaking that is the basis of English learning. To analyze the effectiveness of the application, we applied a lesson to elementary students for 4 months. In the test result, we found that all students have advanced to the English speaking ability and the test results of the affective factors showed a positive response to most students.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.908-913
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the influence that it has on the application pre and post balance index using method with spiral and reaction point balance taping application against 20 stroke patients. The taping application pre and post static eye opening balance index was statistically no significant difference in the Mean X Speed, and the Extent in X Dirction but in the Mean Y Speed, the Velocity Moment, and Extent in Y Direction, there were statistically significant difference(p<0.05). The taping application pre and post static eye closing balance inde was statistically no significant difference in the Mean X Speed, in Y Direction, there were statistically significant difference(p<0.05). From above results, the method of the applied taping was the equilibrium stability performance of the Y-axis than the stability of the balance of the X-axis, therefore it is considered to study the taping application method in the balance of detail stroke patients.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.141-148
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• 2014

Voice is the most common means for communication, but some people have difficulties in generating voice due to their congenital or acquired disorders. Individuals with speech disorders might lose their speaking ability due to hearing impairment, encephalopathy or cerebral palsy accompanied by motor skill impairments, or autism caused by mental problems. However, they have needs for communication, so some of them use various types of AAC (Augmentative & Alternative Communication) devices in order to meet their communication needs. In this paper, a mobile application for literate people having speech disorder was designed and implemented by developing accurate and fast sentence-completion functions for efficient user interaction. From a user study and the previous study on Korean text-based communication for adults having difficulty in speech communication, we identified functionality and usability requirements. Specifically, the user interface with scanning features was designed by considering the users' motor skills in using the touch-screen of a mobile device. Finally, we conducted the usability test for the application. The results of the usability test show that the application is easy to learn and efficient to use in communication with people with speech disorders.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.215-221
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• 2011

Mobile phones, which were used for simply calling and sending text messages, have recently moved to application-oriented digital devices such as smart phones and tablet phones. The rapid increase of smart and tablet phones which can offer advanced ability and run a variety of applications based on Java requires various digital multimedia content activities. These days, there are more than 2.2 billions of Christians around the world. Among them, more than 300 millions of people live in Asian, and all of them have and read the bible. If there is an application for the bible which translates from English to their own languages, it could be very helpful. With this reason, this paper proposes a multi-bible application that supports various languages. To do this, we implemented an algorithm that recognize sentences in the bible as word by word. The algorithm is essentially composed of the following three functions: tokenizing sentences in the bible into word by word (word tokenization), recognizing words by using touch event (word recognition), and translating the selected words to the desired language. Consequently, the proposed multi-bible application supports language translation efficiently by touching words of sentences in the bible.