• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.212-215
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• 2008

Rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) is a rare condition that's caused by a sudden disruption of the deep epigastric vessels or direct damage to the rectus abdominis muscle. This condition is associated with old age, childbirth, abdominal surgery, severe cough, severe sneezing, anticoagulation therapy and/or coagulation disorders. RSH is characterized by abdominal pain and an abdominal mass, so that this is often misdiagnosed as a surgical condition such as appendicitis, intraabdominal abscess, torsion of the ovary and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm; this can lead to unnecessary surgery. Thus, we have to be cautious not to miss RSH when a patient with predisposing factors is suffered from abdominal pain and an abdominal mass. We report here on a case of rectus sheath hematoma that was induced by severe cough in a patient who was taking warfarin.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.182-190
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• 2015

Objectives: To introduce a protocol of Mobi-kids study which was aimed to examine an association between radiofrequency (RF) radiation exposure by mobile phone use and brain tumor risk in children and adolescents. Methods: The Mobi-kids study was a multinational matched case control study using a standardized protocol with the number of subjects targeted about 1,000 cases and 2,000 controls aged 10 to 24. In Mobi-Kids Korea, the source population was restricted to Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do province. Eligible cases of primary brain tumor (glioma, meningioma, and others) were diagnosed from January 2012 to June 2015. Eligible controls were appendicitis patients operated during the study period. Two controls were matched on age, gender, and study region for 1 case. Information about pattern and history of mobile phone use and other covariates were obtained by face to face interview by trained interviewer. The Mobi-kids study has been involved in Mobi-expo as a validation study about mobile phone use, XGridmaster to localize tumor in the brain for RF energy calculation, and histological review for validation of diagnosis. Results: The Mobi-kids was the first and largest study in children and adolescents to estimate risk of brain tumor in association with the RF energy absorption in the brain estimated by mobile phone use. Forty-six-cases and 54 controls were collected as of September 2014 in Korea. Conclusions: The meaningful results of the study were expected because of the largest sample size, high validity of EMF exposure assessment as well as the susceptible study populationof children and adolescents.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 1985

Intraabdommal abscess usually causes distress with fever, leukocytosis, pain and toxicity. Diagnosis of intraabdominal abscess is occasionally difficult and It has high morbidity. However radiologic method, such as ultrasonography, CT scan, or RI scan are helpful to early detection of intraabdominal abscess. Among these methods, ultrasonography is a non-invasive technique and performed without discomfort to patient. And also differential diagnosis between cystic and solid lesion is very easy and sequential ultrasonography in same patient is valuable for the evaluation of treatment effect. We analyzed the ultrasonic features of 48 cases with intra-abdominal abscesses and the results are as follows; 1. In total 48 cases, the intra-abdominal abscesses were 30 cases, the retroperitoneal abscesses, 5 cases, and the visceral abscesses, 13 cases. 2. The causes of the intra-abdominal abscesses were perforating appendicitis (25 cases), postoperative complications (5 cases), pyogenic and amebic hepatic abscesses (13 cases), and the others (5 cases). 3. Round or oval shaped lesions were 26 cases (54%), irregular shape, 18 cases (38%), and multiple abscess formation in 4 cases (8 %). 4. The size of the lesions were between 5 and 10cm in diameter in 54% of total 48 cases, and the most frequent feature of the echo-pattern of the lesions was cystic with or without internal echogenicity (69%).

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.131-132
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• 1995

After studing of viewpoint of surgical disease in seven medical books related with Ju Dan Gye(朱丹溪) among four eminent physicians in the Jin and Yuan dynasties(金元四大家) I get conclsion as following. 1. Studied surgical diseases are total 40 kinds. 2. In 40 kinds surgical diseaes, case of having theory are 20 kinds, cases of having no theory and having only treatement by medicine are 20 kinds. 3. In therapy, cases that mainly use a method to eliminate pathogenic factors are 27 kinds; Acute mastitis(乳癰), Deep-seated mammary abscess(내巖), Acute appendicitis(陽癰), Bone cellulitis(附骨疽), Carbuncle of the lower abdomen near external genitalia(便毒), Leprosy(癩風), Macule(斑), Rash(疹), Urticaria(은疹), Scrofula(나역), Stagnant plegm(結核), Goiter andtumer(영유), Erysipelas(丹), Furuncle(정瘡), Scabies(疥瘡), Chancre(下疳瘡), Syphilitic skin disease(樣梅瘡), Incised wound (金瘡), Dermatopathy of lower limb and heel(脚足部瘡), Pemphigus(天疱瘡), Itching eruption due to blood-heat or wind heat(血風瘡), Dermatopathy of head(頭面瘡), Scald and burn(湯火瘡), Tetanus(破傷風) , Ecthyma(염瘡), Fistula(久漏瘡), Tinea(癬瘡), Cases that mainly use external therapy are 5 kinds; Rhagades of hand and foot(手足군裂), Vulvar ulceration(婦人陰瘡), Chilblain(凍瘡), Rabies(풍狗咬), Tinea capitis(白禿瘡), Cases that mainly use a reinforcing method are 4 kinds; Internal deep-rooted carbuncle(內疽), Pruritus and dryness of skin(皮膚乾燥), Anul fistula(漏瘡), Macule Caused by disorder of internal organ(內傷發斑), Cases that mainly use eliminating first and then reinforcing are 2 kinds; Pyogenic infection and ulcerous disease of slin( 疽瘡상癰疽瘡瘍), Lung abscess(肺癰), Case that mainly uses reinforcement and elimination in combination is only Haemorroid(痔瘡). Case divided into two groups that are reinforcing method and a method to eliminate pathogenic factor is only Trauma(打撲). Case that have no treatment by medicine is only Abscess of the scrotum(囊癰). 4. In 40 kinds surgical diseases, we can know that except a few important surgical diseases, Ju Dan Gye haven't distinguished viewpoint in many surgical diseases, because there are many cases that have no theory and have only simple treatment of medicine, and that mainly use a method to eliminate pathogenic factors and external therapy. 5. Representative theory of Ju Dan Gye, nourishing Yin and extinguishing fire(滋陰降火), has little effect on therapy of surgical disease. We need to try statistical division of internal and external remedy in the future, and by studing of surgical disase in medical books related with four eminent physicians in the Jin and Yuan dynasties, I think we can see their viewpoint of surgical disease.

• Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2018

Purpose: Intense multidisciplinary team effort is required for the intestinal rehabilitation of patients afflicted with the short bowel syndrome (SBS). These include enteral and parenteral nutrition (PN) support, monitoring of complications related to treatment, and considering further medical or surgical options for intestinal adaptation. Methods: In the Intestinal Rehabilitation Team (IRT) at the Samsung Medical Center, we have experienced 20 cases of adult SBS requiring multidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation. This study is a retrospective review of the collected medical records. Results: Of the 20 subjects treated, 12 patients were male and 8 patients were female. At the time of referral to the IRT, the mean age was 51.5 years, and the mean body weight was 50.1 kg, which was 90% of the usual body weight. The diseases or operative managements preceding massive bowel resection were malignancy in 11 cases, cardiac surgery in 2 cases, trauma in 2 cases and one case, each of tuberculosis, corrosive esophagitis, atrial fibrillation, simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation, and perforated appendicitis. Of these, there were 14 survivals and 6 mortalities. The fatalities were attributed to progression of disease, intestinal failure-associated liver disease, and sepsis (unrelated to intestinal failure) (2 cases each). Among the 14 surviving patients, 8 patients have been weaned off PN, whereas 6 are still dependent on PN (mean PN dependence 36%). Conclusion: This paper reports the results of multidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation of adult short bowel patients treated at the Samsung Medical Center. Further studies are required to improve survival and enteral tolerance of these patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2005

Purpose : Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura(HSP) is a systemic vasculitis, characterized by cutaneous palpable purpura, gastrointestinal(GI) symptoms, arthritis and renal involvement. In general, the prognosis is determined by GI complication as well as the severity of nephritis. In this study, we analyzed the statistical relationship between the GI symptom and other clinical findings for assessing the prognosis, and evaluated abdominal ultrasonographic findings for early diagnosis of this disease with atypical clinical presentation and early detection of serious GI complications. Methods : One hundred seventy seven patients with HSP in the Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University Hospital from January 1994 to June 2004, were enrolled. We retrospectively analyzed charts about clinical and abdominal ultrasonographic findings, and classified our patients into two groups(GI-Sx(-), GI-Sx(+)) for statistical analysis. Results : The ratio of female to male is 1.5 : 1. The peak age incidence was five to eight years in 95 cases(53%). The GI symptoms appeared in 117 cases(66%), which include abdominal pain 115 (98 %), tenderness 45(38%), nausea and vomiting 35(30%), bloody stool 10(8.5%), diarrhea four(3.4%), rebound tenderness four(3.4%), and also intussusception and appendicitis were complicated in five and two cases respectively. GI-Sx(+) group had an increased risk of renal involvement and relapse than the GI-Sx(-) group. But there were no relationships about sex and age incidence, or other clinical and laboratory findings between two groups. Ultrasonographic findings in 98 patients with GI symptoms included small bowel thickening in 70 cases(71%) in which duodenum, jejunum and ileum were involved in 71%, 45.7%, 40% respectively, small bowel dilatation in 41 cases(42%), lymph node swelling in 46 cases(47%), and ascites in 25 cases(25.5%). Conclusion : GI symptoms in patients with HSP suggested increased risk of renal involvement and relapse. Abdominal ultrasonography could be helpful in the early diagnosis on atypical clinical presentation and early detection of serious GI complication in these patients.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.170-175
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• 1997

Purpose : Hemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS), known as a most common cause of childhood renal failure in western countries, has been a relatively rare disease in Korea. Although the reported cases were not related to any specific cause in Korea, there was an outbreak of HUS with bloody diarrhea in Japan last year. We report here that we experienced the several typical HUS last year. Patients : From Jan.1996 to Dec. 1996, five patients were diagnosed as HUS at Samsung Seoul Medical Center, Dept. Pediatrics. Results : 1) The age of onset was below 3 years in 3 cases and above 9 years in 2 cases. 2) All the cases happened between summer and autumn. Three patients had domestic travel and 4 patients drank well or spring water before the symptoms. 3) The clinical manifestation was generalized edema, oliguria, anuria and hematuria. The bloody diarrhea were present in 5 cases and 1 patient had operation with the impression of appendicitis. 4) There was no bacteria which was isolated from the blood or stool samples. 5) Renal biopsies were performed in 2 cases, because of protracted clinical course. One showed microthrombotic angiopathy and the other cortical necrosis with necrotizing glomeruli. 6) Complete recovery was the outcome in 4 cases and one case progressed to chronic renal failure. Conclusion : In conclusion, typical HUS associated with bloody diarrhea, epidemic and good prognosis can be found in Korea and careful surveillance of the pre-clinical cases will be necessary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.71-73
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• 2000

Campylobacter jejuni is most frequently identified cause of cause of acute diarrhoeal infections in developeed countries, exceeding rates of illness caused by both salmonella and shigilla(Skirrow, 1990 ; Lior 1994). Previous studies on campylobacter jejuni contamination of commercial broiler carcasses in u.s.(Stern, 1992). Most cases of the disease result from indirect transmission of Campylobactor from animals via milk, water and meat. In addition to Campylobactor jejuni. the closely relates species Campylobactor coli and Campylobactor lari have also been implicated as agents of gastroenteritis in humans. Campylobactor coli represented only approximately 3% of the Campylobactor isolates from patients with Campylobactor enteritis(Griffiths and Park, 1990) whereas Campylobactor coli is mainly isolated from pork(Lmmerding et al., 1988). Campylobactor jejuni has also been isolated from cases of bacteremia, appendicitis and, recently, has been associated with Guillai-Barre syndrome(Allos and Blaser, 1994; von Wulffen et al., 1994; Phillips, 1995). Studies in volunteers indicated that the infectious dose for Campylobactor jejuni is low(about 500 organisms)(Robinson, 1981). The methods traditionally used to detect Campylobactor ssp. in food require at least two days of incubation in an enrichment broth followed by plating and two days of incubation on complex culture media containing many antibiotics(Goossens and Butzler, 1992). Finnaly, several biochemical tests must be done to confirm the indentification at the species level. Therfore, sensitive and specific methods for the detection of small numbers of Campylobactor cells in food are needed. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assays targeting specific DNA sequences have been developed for the detection of Campylobactor(Giesendorf and Quint, 1995; Hemandex et al., 1995; Winter and Slavidk, 1995). In most cases, a short enrichment step is needed to enhance the sensitivity of the assay prior to detection by PCR as the number of bacteria in the food products is low in comparison with those found in dinical samples, and because the complex composition of food matrices can hinder the PCR and lower its sensitivity. However, these PCR systems are technically demanding to carry out and cumbersome when processing a large number of samples simutaneously. In this paper, an immunomagnetic method to concentrate Campylobactor cells present in food or clinical samples after an enrichment step is described. To detect specifically the thermophilic Campylobactor. a monoclonal antibody was adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic beads which react against a major porin of 45kDa present on the surface of the cells(Huyer et al., 1986). After this partial purification and concentration step, detection of bound cells was achieved using a simple, inexpensive microtitre plate-based hybridization system. We examined two alternative detection systems, one specific for thermophilic Campylobactor based on the detection of 23S rRNA using an immobilized DNA probe. The second system is less specific but more sensitive because of the high copy number of the rRNA present in bacterial cell($10^3-10^4$). By using specific immunomagnetic beads against thermophilic Campylobactor, it was possible to concentrate these cells from a heterogeneous media and obtain highly specific hybridization reactions with good sensitivity. There are several advantages in using microtitre plates instead of filter membranes or other matrices for hybridization techniques. Microtitre plates are much easier to handle than filter membranes during the adsorption, washing, hybridization and detection steps, and their use faciilitates the simultanuous analysis of multiple sample. Here we report on the use of a very simple detection procedure based on a monoclonal anti-RNA-DNA hybrid antibody(Fliss et al., 1999) for detection of the RNA-DNA hybrids formed in the wells.