• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.107-124
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to classify types in sense of gender role identity and to figure out the difference among sociocultural attitude, benefits of clothing pursuit, and appearance management behaviors by sense of gender role identity types. Questionnaires were administered to 455 people in their twenties and thirties living in Daegu and Kyoungbuk area. Data were analyzed by using frequency, factor analysis, credibility, $X^2$-test, ANOVA, Duncan-test, and t-test. The findings are as follows. First, Men of androgyny group showed the highest rate of 38.5% followed by undifferentiation(22.9%), masculineness(21.0%), and feminineness(17.6%). Women of undifferentiation group showed the highest rate of 33.2% followed by feminineness (25.2%), androgyny(22.0%), and masculineness(19.6%). Second, factors of sociocultural attitude were internalization and recognition. Benefits of clothing pursuit consists of the factors such as consciousness of others, personality, and vogue pursuit. Factors of appearance management behaviors were dressing, skin management, plastic surgery management, weight management, health management, and hair management. Third, the result from the difference between sociocultural attitude and benefits of clothing pursuit by sense of gender role identity types, men of androgyny and feminineness showed highest in recognition while women of androgyny showed highest in internalization and recognition. The result of the difference in benefits of clothing pursuit by sense of gender role identity shows that both men and women of androgyny group have high tendency for being conscious of others, personality pursuit, and vogue pursuit while men of undifferentiation and masculineness have low interest in dressing in relationship with others. Fourth, the examination of the difference in appearance management behavior by sense of gender role identity types found men of androgyny group managed dressing, skin, weight, health and hair most while women dress and health most. Men of undifferentiation group managed dressing and weight least, while men of masculineness health, and men of feminineness hair least.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.301-312
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to provide baseline database to develop intervention program by investigating the relationship among body image, general appearance management behaviors and psychosocial health of female undergraduates'. From Sep. to Oct. 2014, total 198 participants were enrolled in this study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 program. The results were as follows: 1) The score of body image was $3.12{\pm}1.06$ in 5 points. Subjects had a lot of make-up and clothes behaviors, but exercise, food intake behaviors were lowerer than average. Also, psychosocial health score was $2.99{\pm}0.10$ point in 4 points. Whole 73.2% was latent risk group, and 25.8% was high risk group. 2) The relationship between the body image and general appearance management behaviors (p<0.001) and psychosocial health(p<0.001) revealed significant positive correlation. In general appearance management behaviors, there was a significant positive correlation between sub categories. And psychosocial health was positive correlation with body image and hair management behavior. 4) 14.4% of the psychosocial health was explained by 3 variables : body image, health interest and grade. Therefore, it would be utilized in developing programs for the positive body image building by interest own health, and being helped in the psychosocial health.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.171-181
• /
• 2015

With an increasing number of at-risk adolescents, the environmental and personal risk factors that have been building up inside them as a result of not feeling protected at school or at home are manifested externally as anxiety, depression, rage, complexes, lethargy, violence, and alienation. This study intends to help at-risk adolescents to discover what they are good at, nurture their dreams, and help them to develop themselves through various culture and arts experience programs so that they can have better self-esteem through the wholesome understanding of themselves. The objective of this study, in paticular, is to help young girls who are interested in the physical appearance to develop higher self-esteem through self-management and creative programs for related to fashion, beauty, culture, and the arts. A questionnaire survey on the appearance management behavior, the recognition of image, and the request for participation in a fashion styling program. It was prepared based on the appearance management behaviors during the adolescence, body image, and lifestyle analyzed with past studies. The characteristics of appearance management during adolescence were examined. An the appearance management program was developed that centered on yhe major variables, and a fashion and appearance management activity program was developed that centered on the appearance management techniques preferred by young girls based on the result of analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of perception of physical attractiveness and demographic variables on health promoting behavior and appearance management behavior. This study used a questionnaire. The participants were 325 adult women. The results were as follows. As they were younger, their perception of physical attractiveness was more positive, and they were a tendency to manage their appearance with clothing, makeup, skin care, and hair style more active. As they were older, they perceived higher in the mental and physical health promoting behavior. The higher perception of physical attractiveness people had, the higher awareness of mental health promoting behavior they had. Finally, appearance management behaviors such as clothing, cosmetics, and body care were found to have a positive effect on physical health promoting behavior.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.712-722
• /
• 2017

Attention to appearance is a common concern for all. Images created by appearance play an important role in judging people in terms of social life in contemporary society. This study investigated general behaviours of appearance management behaviours of both male and female college students, and categorised consumption emotion experienced by appearance management. In this regards, it was examined how consumers' psychological mechanism of consumption emotions influences consumers' satisfaction and their behavioural intentions. The main results are as follows: First, female students invest more time and money into appearance management compare to male students and have a higher level of attention. Secondly, both male and female students experience a variety of consumption emotions in appearance management behaviours. According to gender, female students show a higher level of positive and negative consumption emotions than male students. Thirdly, there are five emotional types (Confidence, Annoyance, Refreshment, Enjoyment, Anxiety) as the result of the consumption emotional typology in terms of appearance management behaviours of male and female university students. Fourthly, there are different emotional groups which influence consumers' satisfaction or behavioural intention according to gender in appearance management behaviour. In general, emotional groups such as 'Confidence, Delight and Anxiety' have a positive influence on consumers' satisfaction and behavioral intention, and 'Annoyance' composed of negative emotions have negative influence. In this respect, this research can contribute to beauty product development and marketing strategy with reflecting consumption emotion, and better understanding of consumption culture of university students which plays a pivotal role in appearance management behavior.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.229-244
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop a lifestyle scale for one-person hair salon users and to identify differences in store choice factors and hairstyle pursuit behaviors according to lifestyle types. Data was collected by survey, with 225 responses being included in the analysis. Data analysis was performed using cross-analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's α, cluster analysis, ANOVA and the Duncan-test using SPSS 23.0 analysis software. The results of the study were as follows. First, one-person hair salon users were classified according to the following lifestyle groups: The rational appearance management group, the passive appearance management group, and the discriminative appearance management group. Second, store choice factors according to lifestyle group showed significant group-specific differences in relation to store atmosphere, accessibility, and promotion. Conversely, comfort of space in store and word-of-mouth recommendation message were high for all three groups, indicating that these are important factors in relation to store selection. Third, with regard to hairstyle pursuit behaviors according to lifestyle, the discriminative appearance management group showed the same characteristics as high involvement groups that regard all dimensions of hairstyle pursuit behavior as important. The results of this study can be used to suggest efficient operations for one-person hair salons and to suggest differentiated marketing strategies to increase the demand of one-person hair salon users.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2012

This study aims to define the influences of an individual's talent types and body consciousness factors on high((intense)-level appearance management behavior in 367 adults(female 172 and male 195). The present study is the first to consider both human talent type and the body consciousness on the high level-appearance management behavior correlates to appearance management behaviour. According to the result of the analysis, plastic surgery on body forms or faces are done by few people. However, straightening teeth, ear piercing, removal of spots or imperfections, and eyebrow tattoos are conducted by many consumers without much resistance. It is rather widely accepted, despite the fact that it can cause pain, discomfort, and side-effects. Furthermore, although excessive acts such as muscle training, dieting, weight managing, and oriental treatments can lead to side-effects, the standardized efficient beta value turned out to be high for these treatments. Thus, this study suggests that both the interpersonal talent among 8 talent factors and 2 body consciousness factors contributes to the reinforcement of the self-identity through high level-appearance management behaviors, but except risky plastic surgery. Therefore, this study supports the previous researches that body consciousness composed of self-source, which is desires and efforts to achieve the ideal body, and external-source, which is the internalization of other people's feedbacks.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to examine the effect of body image of university students participating in physical activity on appearance management behavior. Using stratified cluster random sampling, a total of 298 male students, 109 male and 189 female students were sampled. The results are as follow. First, male students showed high in appearance, physical strength, health factors and appearance improvement type, and female students showed high appearance management and interpersonal relationship type. It was found that the arts and physical education department had an effect on the body image and appearance management behavior of university students with a lot of pocket money in terms of appearance and physical strength. Second, Body image was found to affect appearance management behavior. Appeared to be the body image of university students through physical activity affects the appearance management behavior, and these behaviors will have a positive relationship to lead a happy daily life in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.108-116
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of appearance stress and appearance management behavior on job-seeking stress among male university students. Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional and descriptive study were 158 male students attending a university in K Province who completed a self-report structured questionnaire. The survey period was from September 19th to November 9th, 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses with the SPSS statistics 23 program. Results: Job-seeking stress showed significant differences according to BMI (F=2.55, p=.042) and pocket money (F=3.08, p=.049). The results of the regression analysis showed that grade (${\beta}=8.93$, p=.008), pocket money (${\beta}=-5.11$, p=.029), appearance stress (${\beta}=.52$, p<.001), and appearance management behavior (${\beta}=.25$, p=.001) were significant factors affecting jog search stress. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that variables such as grade, pocket money, appearance stress, and appearance management behavior significantly explain job-seeking stress among male students in college. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a program to reduce job-seeking stress for senior male students who are preparing for employment before graduation. In addition, when organizing a program to reduce job-seeking for male university students, it is necessary to help them have a more positive evaluation of their appearance and pursue proper appearance management behaviors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.51-52
• /
• 2002