• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2010

Since the 1970s the increased economy allowed population to concentrate on larger cities which facilitated the lack of apartment complex in the cities. In order to have the solution to the problem, apartment complex were expected to consider the efficiency of using its land. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to clarify the change of the Apartment Complex especially in the Forms and Compositions of outdoor planning of Apartment complex. As a result, the analysis of this researching process of them has shown us the following important characteristics in the change of the Apartment Complex.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.98-108
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• 1999

The purpose of this research is to help outdoor space planning reflected real needs of apartment residents in the differentiation elements of outdoor space, by using USC trade-off game in three apartment complexes in Seoul. This game method was used to evaluate their preference, reliability of preference degree, satisfaction degree, requirement elements such as improvement, sacrifice, maintenance of present condition, and payment possibility for improving and maintaining present condition, in addition to their preference and payment possibility of differentiation of outdoor space in the apartment complex in the future. From the statical analysis, we found the following results: 1. Reliability of preference degree was valid, inasmuch as the first elements they preferred were the almost same as the last things. 2. Elements of preference were pedestrian ways, pedestrian security facilities, various athletic facilities, and variety and high-class facilities in a play ground. 3. Satisfaction degree of differentiation elements of outdoor space was low not only in total complexes but also in each complex. As a result of analysis, these elements were not satisfied with residents. 4. Most of the differentiation elements of outdoor space in three apartment complexes, except planting traditional trees, were required to improve and maintain present condition. The cost to improve and maintain these elements able to pay by them was about 2.18 million won. Through this result, these elements were not options but prerequisites for planning outdoor space in apartment complexes. 5. In the future preference elements of differentiation of outdoor space in apartment complexes were pedestrian and jogging ways, places with water, various athletic places and facilities, multi-function resting places, green spaces in experiences, pedestrian security facilities, various athletic facilities, variety and high-class facilities in a play ground, and payment possibility for these elements was about 3.20 million won.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2012

This study was carried out to propose the improved method by analyzing the change of green space arrangement and planting structure of apartment complexes in Seoul. 12 survey sites, which have obvious differences, were selected by reflecting the change of floor area ratio, underground parking place, and green space ratio. We divided the survey sites into four types that high green ratio(over 40%) apartment on natural ground, low green ratio(under 40%) apartment on natural ground, low green ratio(under 40%) apartment on artificial ground, and high green ratio(over 40%) apartment on artificial ground each period based on green space ratio and ground structure, plant crown volume, planting density, and planting pattern. The main factors of change of green space arrangement were green space ratio and ground structure. The Green space ratio was changed by the floor area ratio with constructing underground parking place and floor area ratio was adjusted by government policy and economic status. Average width of front green area has been changed from 10.0m in high green ratio apartment on natural ground for 3.5m, 2.7m, and 4.5m each period. The average width of the buffer green area has been changed from 15.0m in high green ratio apartment on natural ground of 7.7m, and 2.7m by extending parking place in the low green ratio apartment of artificial ground, so buffer green areas have been reduced and disconnected. So buffer green area in apartment complexes has been extended that the average width of the buffer green area was 3.8m caused by growing recognition of green since 2001. The ratio of native plant in canopy layer was increased from 45.1 % in the case of the high green ratio apartment of natural ground in 1980~1983 to 55.6%. Average plant crown volume increased from $1.27m^3/m^2$ in high green ratio apartment on natural ground for $3.47m^3/m^2$ in a low green ratio apartment on natural ground. But average plant crown volume is $0.27m^3/m^2$ in the high green ratio apartment of the artificial ground plant density of canopy layer was changed from 5 individuals per $100m^2$ to 14.5 individuals per $100m^2$. We should construct the buffer green area with natural ground and get the function of ecological and beautiful environment regarding to garden concept in case of front green area, width 4.5m. We should get the function of increasing green volume by multi-layer planting with shade woody species and flower woody species in case of back-side green area, width over 5.0m. We should get the function of covering the wall and increasing green landscape by planting with high woody species in case of side green area. We should apply the ecological planting technique to buffer green area and connect buffer green area to inner green area in apartment complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.10 s.212
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• pp.1-23
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• 2005

This study proposes design factors for Korean style ecological apartment for application in Cheongju. Library and internal surveys were performed to summarize the concept of locality in housing and to determine the present condition of apartment estates which were introduced with design factors according to locality, traditionalism, or ecology, fold surveys were carried out at 10 apartment estates to investigate the present condition of management and residents's un. The interviewees were concierges and representative residents. The following design factors for Korean style ecological apartment to be applied in Cheongju were proposed; layout and building shape according to climate as natural environment, landscape factors according to cultural assets as human environment, adolescent spaces according to population as social environment, road plan according to 'Cheongju Garosu-Gil' civil environment.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.131-138
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine how the purchasers perceive the effects of the unit characteristics within the complex on the apartment prices. Six major characteristics of the apartments : orientations and floors; views; structures; conditions and maintenances of interior materials; interior alterations; and access to the outdoor facilities were included for the analysis. The data were gathered from 284 households in seven private apartment complexes in Ulsan. It was found that the price of the apartment was higher if it was southward, on the royal or semi-royal floors, with the nice view for the riverside or any other landscape resources, or openness. Other characteristics which increase the price were the hall type not the corridor one, inner side of the building, good conditions of interior materials, and extended balcony.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.100-112
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to construct the evaluation criteria based on the relative importance and various combination of each evaluation index and then to evaluate urban biotope in terms of conservation of species and habitat. After the standard of evaluation had been developed through the literature review, the relative importance of the evaluation index through expert survey was found out, and the evaluation model of biotope value has been established. The results of this study are as follows; 1) We have constructed the nineteen evaluation criteria through literature reviews, and have provided relative importance to each evaluation index of the diversity of typical species in biotope, afforestation rate, stratification, Hemeroby grads, and the diversity of landscape patterns based on the results of expert survey. and then we have constructed the evaluation system using the relative importance criteria. 2) To evluate urban biotope using the evaluation system constructed, we selected 14 sites. The final evaluation results of each site is as follows; The III grade areas are Seohan and Hwasung high-rise apartment at Beummul-Dong, Korea Men Power /Agency in Sungs 대 industrial zone, the adjacent area of St. Tongil, and Hyomyung elementary school. The II grade areas are the farm land behind the third Anshim Jugong apartment, and Ehyun park. The I grade areas are swampy land in front of Kangchon and Anshim construction site, water space with semi-natural style in front of Gangchon Woobang apartment, forest zone near page Temple at mt. Palgong, the edge area of Jisan and Gosan, and the tendril yard against Anshim middle school. The only grade IV area is the commercial zone near Taegu Department 3) It is highly useful to evaluate urban biotope using the evaluation criteria constructed for this research, the evaluation criteria we developed may be difficult to guarantee the ability for reproduction and recovery, the appearance-number of the rare and endangered species are difficult to estimate urban biotopes. In the future, it is highly useful to evaluate biotope in terms of conservation of species and habitat through its valuation criteria developed in this research and it is necessary to develop the evaluation criteria applicable to estimation of biotope inventory and reproduction of biotope.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.54-75
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• 1993

The purpose of this thesis is to suggest objective basic data for the super graphics in the urban landscape through the quantitative visual quality analysis. For this, the image structure of super graphics have been measured mainly by questionnaries and semantic differential scle method and analyzed by the method of factor analysis, means and multiple regression. Degree of visual preference have been measured mainly by questionnaries and likert attitude scale method and finaly these data have been analyzed by using the stepwise method. The data were collected by presenting 12 super graphics photographs-4 each sample pictures from the 3 each selected districts representing typical urban landscape style(central business district, shopping district, apartment complex). Observer groups were categorized as professionals, students, the others. Result of this thesis can be summarized as fallows: 1. From all 12(3${\times}$4) sample super graphics, the value of each semantic differential scale among the observer groups were presented significant group difference. But no significant difference of the S.D. scale value were observed among central business district, shopping district and apartment complex super graphics. 2. For all experimental points, 4 types of factor have been observed. Factors covering the image of super graphics were found to be the evaluation, the intimacy, the potentiality and the tidiness. 3. Main factors of the super graphics image and factors indicating the group variations yielded high significance between areas. 4. The harmony with surrounding environment, the proper selection of super graphics subject yielded high values for all groups. Especially, the good color sense with building was the most important variable determining the degree of visual preference. 5. The urban C.B.D. super graphics obtained 5∼12 ranks of regional visual preference and the shopping district super graphics obtained 2∼11 ranks, and apartment complex super graphics obtained 1∼7 ranks.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.6 no.3 s.21
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• pp.67-73
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• 2006

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of remodeling business by predicting the future price of apartment house after remodeling using Hedonic Price Model. The data concerning such 9 independent variables as location, unit size, unit plan, landscape, parking, the number of elapsed years after completion, number of units, mechanical performance, interior from 25 regions in Seoul metropolitan city were collected and evaluated by established evaluation criteria. The coefficients affecting the price of apartment unit were made by Ivay of linear multi-regression and put into Hedonic Price Model. The feasibility evaluation model for apartment was made and verified by data of remodelled apartment. The predicted results using suggested evaluation model coincide with actual apartment market situations.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the residents' actual usage at three rest areas and three playgrounds in an apartment complex. This study was conducted with field study in J apartment complex in Incheon from August 14 to August 30, 1998. According to the results of the study, there were more users in playgrounds than in the rest areas. The rest area near the place for the elderly in the complex was used mainly by the elderly females. The playground located near the main entrance of the complex was frequently used because it is the biggest one in size and has an enough space for playing. Furthermore, the condition of shading areas by trees and buildings influenced the rate of use of the residents. Therefore, to increase the usage rate of rest areas and playgrounds, they should be located near to the places which have community amenities and should have accessible entrance for residents. Landscape design of the apartment complex should be done with the plot plan of the complex simultaneously. Moreover, the number and the kinds of trees to be planted in the apartment complex should be considered carefully.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.121-131
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• 2002

The rebuilding method for old apartment housing blocks has merits of providing new buildings and larger private living spaces. However, it causes many serious urban problems, such as shortage of infrastructure capacity, traffic congestion, reduction of building life, and deterioration of open space quality. Nowadays, remodeling is accepted as a way of overcoming such negative effects of the rebuilding method. This study focuses on the various techniques of remodeling. The results of this research are as follows; First, old apartment blocks provide poor level of service in general, so they have problems of bad accessibility, deterioration of facilities, and degraded landscape. In many cases, there is a hindrance from walking freely and security problem due to illegal privatization of public spaces. Second, various remodeling techniques are required to meet residents' different needs. The residents of apartment housing value private space above public space, and show low level of willingness to pay cost for remodeling. Third, based on these findings, some remodeling techniques are suggested - integration of a space to another, expansion of spaces, connection of spaces, reuses of roofs and walls, relocation and renovation of paths between buildings, and so on.