• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.97-109
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• 1998

This study was designed and undertaken to identify objectively the degree and relationship of anxiety, depression, & anger which are chief essential elements of emotional status in Hwabyung patients.The subjects in this study were 35 Hwabyung patients and 40 Non-Hwabyung persons, and for the assessment of anxiety, depression, & anger. We used Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) & State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory(STAXI).The results of this study are as follows:1. There were significant differences in the 18 items of SAS among 20 items between Hwabyung patients and the control group(p＜0.05 respectively).2. There were significant differences in the 13 items of SDS among 20 items between Hwabyung patients and the control group(p＜0.05 respectively).3. There were significant differences in the mean scores of SAS and SDS between Hwabyung patients and the control group(p＜0.001 respectively).4. There were significant differences in the mean scores of State Anger, Trait Anger, Trait Anger/Temperament, Anger-in & Anger-out counted by STAXI between Hwabyung patients and the control group (p＜0.001, p＜0.01, p＜0.001, p＜0.001, p＜0.05 respectively).5. There were significant relationships between State Anger & Anxiety, Anger-out & Trait Anger/Temperament, Depression & Anxiety(r=.43, r=.37, r=.64).

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2018

Objectives: The overuse of the Internet among adolescents has increased dramatically in recent years, leading to pathological or problematic Internet use. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is known to be effective for the treatment of problematic Internet use, particularly for adolescents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of group CBT for problematic Internet use in adolescents. Methods: A total of 17 patients aged 12-17 years who met Young's diagnostic questionnaire criteria of problematic Internet use participated in a school-based eight-session group CBT program. The level of problematic Internet use among participating students was measured using Young's Internet Addiction Scale (IAS). Depression and anxiety levels were evaluated using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), respectively. Each construct was assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at a one-month follow-up visit. Statistical significance was based on a p-value of <0.05. Results: Immediately after the program, the IAS, CDI, and State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) scores were significantly lower than before the program. At the one-month follow-up assessment, the IAS scores remained low, and the CDI and SAI scores were even lower than immediately after the program. Conclusion: Group CBT was effective for adolescents with problematic Internet use, and was also demonstrated to improve depression and anxiety.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.804-814
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• 2008

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to examine the difference between scores assigned by dementia patients and their caregivers to the patients' anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Methods: After obtaining Institutional Review Board(IRB) approval, face-to-face interview with the patients and their caregivers respectively was conducted by trained graduate-level nursing students from December 2007 to February 2008. Patients' anxiety, depression, and quality of life were measured by patients and their caregivers. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program, which was used for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and Pearson's correlation. Results: Significant relationships were reported between the depression rated by patients and that rated by their caregivers(r = .37, p = .019). In addition, there was no difference between the quality of life rated by patients and that rated by their caregivers(t = -7.11, p = .479). However, there was no significant relationship between the anxiety rated by patients and that rated by their caregivers(r = .21, p = .195). Conclusion: There were no differences on level of depression and quality of life of dementia patients measured by dementia patients and caregivers, However, dementia patients' anxiety level has discrepancy between them.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2021

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to investigate heart rate variability (HRV) according to sex and to elucidate the influence of negative emotion such as levels of stress, anxiety and depression on HRV among Korean college students based on a neurovisceral integration model. Methods: A descriptive study design was used. Eighty-six healthy college students participated in the study. Resting HRV and standing HRV on orthostatic stimulation were measured for 5 minutes during 4-6 p.m. in the afternoon. Levels of stress, anxiety and depression were assessed using the Global assessment of recent stress, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Index, respectively. Results: Out of the 86 students, 47 (54.7%) were men and 39 (45.3%) were women. Root mean square of the differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD) and normalized high frequency (nHF) on standing HRV were significantly lower in men than in women (p= .005, p= .019, respectively). Male gender (β= 0.30, p= .013), higher level of stress (β= -0.36, p= .009) and lower level of depression (β = 0.30, p= .044) exerted a significant influence on decreased nHF in the multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: We suggest that men are more vulnerable to having reduced vagal activity on HRV than women. Since male gender, higher level of stress and lower level of depression level influenced decreased vagal activity, strategies are needed to improve stress and depression rather than anxiety especially for men, which contribute to promoting HRV to prevent cardiac health diseases.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2021

본 연구는 코로나19 불안과 스트레스의 관련 요인을 탐색하려는 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 충남 아산시 A지역에서 실시된 지역사회 복지욕구 조사의 원자료를 활용하여 2차 자료 분석을 수행하였다. 분석의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 281명의 응답자에 대한 기술통계 분석 결과, 36.9%가 코로나19 불안을 경험하였고, 51.5%가 코로나19 스트레스의 정도가 높다고 보고하였다. 둘째, 로지스틱 회귀 분석의 결과, 여성인 경우, 청년이나 노년에 비해 중장년인 경우, 배우자가 없는 경우, 자가가 아닌 경우, 거주지역 만족도가 낮을수록 코로나19 불안을 경험할 위험성이 더 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 통해 노년에 비해 청년이거나 중장년인 경우, 자가가 아닌 경우 코로나19 스트레스가 높은 범주에 속할 위험성이 더 높게 나타남을 확인했다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 코로나19 상황에서 사람들의 불안과 스트레스를 줄이기 위한 전략에 대해 다양한 제언을 하였다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

Backgrounds: Pain management is one of the most important factors affecting the success of pediatric dentistry. Therefore, new needle- and pain-free local anesthesia techniques have been developed in parallel with technological advancements. The purpose of this study is to compare the pain perception and dental anxiety levels associated with a needle-free injection system (Comfort-in^TM) and the classic needle method during treatment-required infiltration anesthesia in children. Methods: This randomized controlled crossover split-mouth clinical study included 94 children who required dental treatment with local anesthesia using a dental needle or needle-free injection system for the bilateral primary molars. The Wong-Baker Scale (WBS) was used to measure pain perception at different times, and the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDAS) was used to measure the anxiety level of the child. A statistical software package was used to process the data. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference between the needle-free injection system and dental needle method during the induction stage for filling and pulpotomy (P > 0.05). "Pain on postoperative 1st day" was similar in both types of anesthesia (P = 0.750). Conclusions: The needle-free injection system was as effective as the dental needle method. The Comfort-in^TM system was an acceptable alternative for patients during the postoperative period. Understanding how pain management may be provided during local anesthesia administration and a child's fear and anxiety regarding the dentist may lead to better dental compliance.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2023

Essential oils and aromatherapy have traditionally been used for the treatment of anxiety and depression with few side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of essential oils from six herbal prescriptions known to be effective in treating anxiety and depression in Korean medicine. The neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of six essential oils, including Gamisachil-tang (GMSCT), Guibi-tang (GBT), Sihogayonggolmoryeo-tang (SYM), Danchisoyosan (DCSYS), Sihosogansan (SHSGS), and Soyosan (SYS), were examined in PC12 and BV2 cells. In corticosterone (CORT)-stimulated PC12 cells, all six essential oils ameliorated the CORT-induced decrease in cell viability at a concentration of 10 ㎍/ml. GMSCT, GBT, and SHSGS recovered CORT-induced cytotoxicity at concentrations of 1 ㎍/ml and 10 ㎍/ml. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 cells, GBT (10 ㎍/ml) decreased interleukin (IL)-1β production, whereas SHSGS (1 ㎍/ml) inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. In the MK-801-induced anxiety in zebrafish, electroencephalogram (EEG) assessment indicated that GMSCT and SHSGS induced recovery in the delta and beta power densities and reduced theta/beta and delta/beta ratios. DCSYS and SYS decreased theta power density and theta/beta ratio, whereas GBT and SYM showed no effects on EEG signals. In the tail suspension test (TST) in mice, GBT, DCSYS, SHSGS, and SYS exhibited antidepressant-like effects by decreasing immobility time. These results suggest that the essential oils from the six herbal prescriptions, except SYM, may have beneficial effects on anxiety and/or depression. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the molecular signaling pathways that mediate the effects of these essential oils on anxiety and depression.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.696-705
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• 1994

This study was done to provide a basis for home health care management for women following Cesarean delivery. Furthermore it was initiated as an possible application of home health care in the future. In this study, client selection criteria was developed by the researcher and assessment tools for home health care, recording system and problem oriented recording system were revised from Jun's(1993) methods. The selection criteria tool for home health care for women who had a Cesarean delivery was structured and consisted of five areas : physical status, functional status, psychological-emetional status, educational needs status and environmental status. The structured assessment tool consisted of general items, obstetric history, past medical history, methods of feeding, medications taken before ad-mission, laboratory results, discharge instructions, discharge medications, family tree, economic status, environmental status, a map, health assessment of women and their newborns. The visit note consisted of the date : nursing problems : nursing process including initial assessment : nursing goals : visit plan : health status of the postpartum women and their newborn : nursing diagnoses : nursing implementation evaluation : summary : next visit plan and revision. The problem oriented recording system consisted of the date, problem numbers, nursing diagnoses, problem appearance date, problem resolution date. The results of the research are as follows : The seven cases having had a Cesarean delivery were discharged on an average on the 5th day after the Cesarean birth. The total number of home visits was 13. According to Cordon's functional health patterns the total possible nursing diagnoses was 34 diagnoses for the methers and their newborns. Among the 34 diagnoses, there were 13 diagnoses in the health perception /management pattern, 7 in the psychosocial health perception / management pattern, 8 in the psychosocial self-perception, 2 in the nutrition / metabolism pattern of physical function, 2 in the knowledge deficit of newborn management, anxiety related to newborn management, knowledge deficit related to disease process of new-born, anxiety related to disease process of newborn anxiety related to prognosis of baby's condition, knowledge deficit related to newborn jaundice each appeared once. The changes in the number of nursing diagnoses was related to not the number of visits but to the number of nursing diagnoses decreasing. The con-tent of the home health care was categorized ac-cording to assessment, direct care, counseling, education, family care. The recommendation based on the results of this research are Home health care nurses for Cesarean postpartum women and their neonates requires comprehensive knowledge of pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period and of the neonate so that they can provide appropriate care and holistic views. Most of cases terminated after the second visit, this outcome may be related to the subjects being discharged on the 5th day after delivery. Therefore, study done with earlier discharge after delivery may have different outcome. It is very hard to assess psychological aspects that need follow-up and to develop communication channels.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2013

The increasing suicide rate is a serious problem in Korea. Because of increased awareness of suicidality as a problem and because completed suicide is the fourth leading cause of death, it is very important to assess the risk of suicide. The purpose of this review is to provide a systematic examination of predictive validity of measures of suicidal ideation and behavior. A number of instruments are described as useful for identifying individuals "at high risk" for suicidal behavior. However, the predictive validity for most suicide measures has not been established. The present review only includes suicide assessment instruments with published predictive validity. In addition to evaluating the suicide assessment with respect to predictive validity, the present review describes and summarizes the psychometric properties of each measure. In conclusion, because of the complexity of studying the risk of suicide and the paucity of well-designed studies, it is extremely difficult to compare and generalize these findings. In addition, only a few instruments, such as the Scale for Suicide Ideation, Suicide Intent Scale and the Beck Hopelessness Scale, have been found to be significant risk factors for completed suicide. Another problem in the field involves that there have been few suicide measures designed for elderly populations. Clearly, future research is needed to investigate the predictive validity of standardized measures for completed suicide, especially targeting elderly populations.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 청소년 자신의 문제행동에 대한 평가와 부모의 평가가 서로 어떻게 다른지와 각자의 평가에 영향을 주는 변인들을 비교하였다. 일반청소년 3271명을 대상으로 청소년 자신이 평가한 YSR과 부모가 평가하는 K-CBCL을 동시에 실시 한 후 두 평가척도에 공통되는 문항들만으로 요인분석을 실시한 결과 K-CBCL에서는 제1요인으로 공격성/비행요인이 전체변량의 14.08%를 설명하였고 이와 함께 신체적 증상, 사회적 위축, 소란/방해, 우울/불안 등 5개의 요인이 추출되었으며, YSR에서는 제1요인으로 우울/불안/위축요인이 전체변량의 14.23%를 설명하였고 이와 함께 공격성, 신체적 증상, 소란/방해, 인정욕구 등 5개의 요인이 추출되었다. K-CBCL과 YSR의 총 문제행동 점수 평가에 영향을 주는 변인들을 살펴보기 위해 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 부모의 평가와 청소년 평가에서 공통적으로 부모, 친구 등 사회적 관계가 나쁠수록, 학업수행이 나쁠수록 총 문제행동 점수가 높았다. 반면에 청소년 자신의 평가에서는 성, 연령이 중요한 기준이 되며 특히 보고하는 문제유형이 성별에 따라 다른 양상을 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과는 부모가 자녀의 문제행동을 평가하는 경우 공격성이나 비행 등과 같이 외현적으로 드러난 행동문제가 중요한 기준이 되는 반면, 청소년 자신이 평가하는 경우 우울/불안/위축 등 내재화된 문제 정도를 최우선적으로 자각하게 된다는 점을 시사하며 이에 따른 청소년 평가 및 진단에서의 시사점을 논의하였다.