• 제목/요약/키워드: Antimicrobial susceptibility

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금강 하구 해역의 해수에서 분리한 장염비브리오(Vibrio parahaemolyticus) 균의 특성 및 항균제 내성 (Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains Isolated from Seawater of Geum River Estuary Area, West Coast of Korea)

  • 이신혜;김희대;박권삼
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제55권6호
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    • pp.850-857
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    • 2022
  • Seventy-five Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from the surface seawater of the Geum River Estuary area, on the west coast of Korea, were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes and susceptibility to 17 different antimicrobials. All 75 isolates were examined for the presence of two virulence genes (tdh or trh) using polymerase chain reaction; Only one of the isolates possessed the tdh or trh gene. According to the results of disk diffusion susceptibility tests, all of the strains were resistant to penicillin G, 92.0% were resistant to ampicillin, 82.7% were resistant to amoxicillin, 2.7% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 2.7% were resistant to trimethoprim, 1.3% were resistant to cephalothin, and 1.3% were resistant to erythromycin. However, all of the strains were susceptible to amikacin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, rifampin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. The average minimum inhibitory concentrations for ampicillin for V. parahaemolyticus was 557.6 ㎍/mL. These results not only provide novel insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in Geum river estuary area, but they help reduce the risk of contamination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

돼지 호흡기질병 병인체의 항균제 감수성 조사 (Antimicrobial susceptibility features of porcine respiratory bacterial pathogens by modified broth dilution method)

  • 송동준;서동균;이춘식;배영찬;김원일;김봉환
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.19-28
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    • 2000
  • There are several main antibacterial susceptibility tests, such as agar dilution method, broth dilution method and disk diffusion technique. Especially, for minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, agar dilution method has been widely used. But that method is so complicated and bothering that it's difficult to treat a large amount of strains. On the other hand, modified broth dilution method(add 1% glucose and 0.018% phenol red as a pH indicator to broth) is fast and easy to perform. Most of all, it can visualize the result by color. The MICs of 22 antibiotics Including penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, lincomycin, ceftiofur, vancomycin and quinolones, erythromycin, colistin. sul-fadimethoxine, trimethoprim for arcanobacterium pyogenes 14 strains, actinobacillus pleuropneu-moniae 41 strains and pasteurella multocida 37 strains, which were collected from porcine during 1996 ∼ 1999, were determined by modified broth dilution method. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was highly susceptible to all kinds of quinolones such as ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin and to all aminoglycosides, like gentamicin, apramycin, kanamycin and ampicillin, cephalothin and ceftiofur. But It was quite resistant to solfadimethoxin, colistin and vancomycin. Pasteurella multocida was found to have high susceptibility to ampicillin, cephalothin, chlorampenicol and gentamicin but had mid-degree susceptibility to other aminoglycosides. In addition, it was susceptible to norfloxacin and nalidixic acid, but not to newer fluoroquinolone like ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin and it was resistant to colistin and kanamycin. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was highly susceptible to most of quinolones such as cipoofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin and gentamicin and penicillin G. But it also obtained high resistance against the early quinolone, nalidixic acid and aminoglycosides such as amikacin, apramycin and kanamycin and erythromycin, chlorampenicol, tetracyclin and vancomycin.

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Isolation, Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Aquatic Products in the Southern Fujian Coast, China

  • Hu, Yuanqing;Li, Fengxia;Zheng, Yixian;Jiao, Xinan;Guo, Liqing
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.856-867
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    • 2020
  • Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major gastroenteritis-causing pathogen in many Asian countries. Antimicrobial resistance in V. parahaemolyticus has been recognized as a critical threat to food safety. In this study, we determined the prevalence and incidence of antimicrobial resistance in V. parahaemolyticus in the southern Fujian coast, China. A total of 62 isolates were confirmed in retail aquatic products from June to October of 2018. The serotype O3:K6 strains, the virulence genes tdh and trh, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular typing were investigated. Then plasmid profiling analysis and curing experiment were performed for multidrug-resistant strains. The results showed that the total occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus was 31% out of 200 samples. Five strains (8.1%) out of 62 isolates were identified as the V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 pandemic clone. A large majority of isolates exhibited higher resistance to penicillin (77.4%), oxacillin (71%), ampicillin (66.1%) and vancomycin (59.7%). Seventy-one percent (44/62) of the isolates exhibited multiple antimicrobial resistance. All 62 isolates were grouped into 7 clusters by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, and most of the isolates (80.6%) were distributed within cluster A. Plasmids were detected in approximately 75% of the isolates, and seven different profiles were observed. Seventy-six percent (25/33) of the isolates carrying the plasmids were eliminated by 0.006% SDS incubated at 42℃, a sublethal condition. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant strains could be an indication of the excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture farming. The rational use of antimicrobial agents and the surveillance of antibiotic administration may reduce the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems.

자돈 설사 분변에서 분리한 Bacillus cereus BY06의 장 독소 생성 및 항균제 감수성 (Enterotoxin Productivity and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacillus cereus BY06 Isolated from Pigs with Diarrheal Disease)

  • 오위걸;노용환;안병용
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2014
  • 적리를 동반하는 돼지 분변에서 용혈성 균주를 분리 동정한 후, 장 독소 생성 유 무 및 항생제 감수성 시험을 수행하였다. 분리된 용혈성 균주 B. cereus BY06의 gyrB 유전자 염기서열을 분석한 결과, B. cereus와 99% 유사성을 나타내었다. PCR법에 의한 장 독소 유전자 검출 시험에서 B. cereus BY06는 장 독소 분비 양성으로 판정됨에 따라 설사형 식중독 균임이 확인되었다. B. cereus BY06를 이용한 항균제의 감수성 시험 결과, penicillin G에는 내성을 나타낸 반면 cephalothin, vancomycin, clindamycin, fusidic acid, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline 및 rifampin에 대하여 감수성을 나타냈다. 본 연구를 통해 돼지 분변에서 분리된 B. cereus 균주는 설사를 유발하는 장 독소를 분비하며, penicillin G에 대한 내성을 확인하였다.

해수 및 시판 수산물에서 분리한 장염비브리오균(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)의 항균제 내성 및 최소발육억제농도의 규명 (Antimicrobial Resistance and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains Isolated from Seawater and Commercial Fisheries)

  • 조의동;김희대;박권삼
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제52권6호
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    • pp.587-595
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    • 2019
  • Eighty-three Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from surface seawater in Gomso Bay on the west coast of Korea, and commercial fisheries from Gunsan fisheries center were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes and susceptibility to 30 different antimicrobials. All 83 isolates were examined for the presence of two virulence genes (tdh or trh) using polymerase chain reaction; however, neither gene was found in any of the isolates. A disk diffusion susceptibility test, showed that all of the strains studied were resistant to clindamycin, oxacillin, ticarcillin, and vancomycin, and also revealed varying levels of resistance to ampicillin (98.8%), penicillin G (95.2%), streptomycin (20.5%), cefoxitin (14.5%), amikacin (6.0%), cephalothin (4.8%), and erythromycin (3.6%). However, all of the strains were susceptible to 19 other antimicrobial agents, including cefepime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and trimethoprim. All 83 isolates (100%) were resistant to five or more classes of antimicrobials, and two strains exhibited resistance to ten antimicrobial agents. The average minimum inhibitory concentrations against V. parahaemolyticus of clindamycin, oxacillin, ticarcillin, and vancomycin were 55.9, 98.3, 499.3, and 44.3 ㎍/mL, respectively. These results provide new insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in Gomso Bay and commercial fisheries, and provide evidence to help reduce the risk of contamination by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

Molecular subtyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis isolates from clinically diseased pigs

  • Oh, Sang-Ik;Kim, Jong Wan;Kim, Jongho;So, Byungjae;Kim, Bumseok;Kim, Ha-Young
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.57.1-57.11
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    • 2020
  • Background: Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) acts as an etiological agent for lameness, neurological signs, and high mortality in pigs. Despite its importance in pig industries and zoonotic potential, little is known about the effects of this pathogen. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of SDSE strains isolated from diseased pigs. Methods: A total 11 SDSE isolates were obtained from diseased pigs. Bacterial identification, PCR for virulence genes, emm typing, and antimicrobial resistance genes, multilocus sequence typing, and antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed. Results: Nine isolates were from piglets, and 8 showed lameness, sudden death, or neurological signs. The isolates were PCR-positive for sla (100%), sagA (100%), and scpA (45.5%), and only 1 isolate amplified the emm gene (stL2764). Eight different sequence types were detected, categorized into 2 clonal complexes and 4 singletons. All the isolates in this study were included in a small cluster, which also contained other strains derived from humans and horses. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for the tested beta-lactams were low, while those for macrolides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones were relatively high. PCR analysis of the macrolide and tetracycline resistance genes demonstrated that the isolates carried erm(B) (18.2%, n = 2), mef(A/E) (9.1%, n = 1), tet(M) (18.2%, n = 2), and tet(O) (90.2%, n = 10). Two isolates presented a mutation in parC, which is associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. Conclusion: This study provided insight into swine-derived SDSE, as it is related to veterinary medicine, and elucidated its zoonotic potential, in the context of molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance in public health.

병원성 세균에 대한 마늘추출물의 항균효과 (Antimicrobial Effect of Garlic Extract against Pathogenic Bacteria)

  • 문원희;육근돌
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제12권10호
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    • pp.477-484
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 마늘추출물의 병원성 세균에 대한 항균효과를 검증하기 위한 목적으로 시행된 실험연구이다. 항균효과의 대조 항생제로서 Ampicillin $10{\mu}g$(BBL)을 사용하였다. 실험은 2013년 11월과 2014년 1월로 두 차례에 걸쳐 진행하였다. Kirby-Bauer의 disc diffusion method에 따라 감수성을 측정하였고 CLSI에서 제시한 판독기준에 따라 감수성 여부를 판독하였다. 연구결과, 생마늘은 추출법과 관계없이 Ampicillin $10{\mu}g$에 비해 항균효과가 높게 나타났다. 반면 흑마늘은 제조법과 추출방법과 관계없이 4종의 균주에서 저항성을 발현하였다. CLSI의 감수성 판독기준에 따르면 S. aureus와 E. coli에 Ampicillin $10{\mu}g$은 강력한 항균효과를 발현한 반면, 모든 균주들이 흑마늘 추출물에는 저항성을 발현하였다. 다만, 15일의 자연숙성발효한 흑마늘의 에탄올 추출물은 S. aureus와 E. coli에서 성장저지환이 각각 8 mm와 7 mm로 나타나 항균효과의 가능성을 발견하였다는 점에서 본 연구의 의의가 있다하겠다. 향후 마늘의 천연식품보존제 개발 가능성을 검증하기 위해서 흑마늘의 다양한 추출법을 활용한 항균효과에 대한 반복 연구를 제언한다.

성인성 치주염환자에서 분리한 Porphyromonas gingivalis와 Prevotella intennedia의 항생제 내성에 관한 연구 (Antibiotic susceptibility of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intennedia from the Patients with Adult Periodontitis)

  • 김흥식;유형근;신형식
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.625-639
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to an in estimate the antibiotic susceptibility of P. gingivalis and P. interrnedia isolate from the subgingival plaque to adult periodontitis. Six P. gingivalis and five P. intermedia bacterial strains were tested for their susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents under disc diffusion method and broth dilution method. Ten patients with deep pocket(6mm) were selected for this study. They had not taken antibiotics for 6 months and no history of dental treatment for 6 months before this study. The result were as follow : 1. For antibiotic disc diffusion method, six P. gingivalis and five P. interrnedia were tested with 10 antimicrobial agents which comprised penicillin, gentamycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, amikacin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin. The sensitive antibiotics were tetracycline, penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol and resisitent antibiotics were lincomycin. The other antimicrobial agents were less active. 2. From the study of determination on the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) by broth dilution method, the MIC of tetracycline to P. gingivalis and P. intermedia were $0.5-1.0{\mu}g/ml$, $0.5{\mu}g/ml$, that of ampicillin were $1-8{\mu}g/ml$, that of clindamycin were $1-32{\mu]g/ml$, $8-16{\mu}g/ml$, that of lincomycin were $16-32{\mu}g/ml$, $2-32{\mu}g/ml$. These data suggest that tetracycline and ampicillin may be valuable drug in the elemination of P. gingivalis and P. interrnedia from the patients with adult periodontitis.

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개와 고양이에서 분리된 그람음성균의 항생제 감수성 양상 (Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Gram-Negative Bacteria from Dogs and Cats)

  • 김대근;신동호;김하영;변재원;이경현;이오수;정병열
    • 한국임상수의학회지
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.348-351
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of gram-negative bacteria isolated from companion animals with sepsis, and to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from specimens of dogs and cats submitted to National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service between 2008 and 2009. A total of 44 gram-negative pathogens were isolated from necropsied organs. The most common isolates were E. coli (n = 33), K. pneumoniae (n = 4) and B. bronchiseptica (n = 4). Most of gram-negative isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur (68.2%), colistin (84.1%), florfenicol (84.1%) and spectinomycin (61.4%). Most of those were resistant to ampicillin (77.3%), erythromycin (86.4%), flumequine (65.9%), lincomycin (97.7%), oxytetracycline (61.4%), penicillin (100%), streptomycin (63.6%), spiramycin (97.7%), sulfamethoxazole (90.9%), tylosin (97.7%) and tiamulin (100%). In conclusion, colistin and florfenicol could be useful against sepsis due to gram-negative bacteria.

국내(國內) 닭의 괴사성 장염 발생에 관한 연구 (Studies on the necrotic enteritis of chicken in Korea)

  • 박경윤;정성대;예재길;서일복
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.593-599
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    • 1994
  • This study was carried out to investigate the necrotic enteritis of chicken in Korea. Epidemiological, pathological and microbiological examination were done on 12 naturally occurred cases of necrotic enteritis of chicken. And the susceptibility of isolated bacteria to antimicrobial agents was also examined. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The Clostridium perfringens infection, necrotic enteritis of chicken, occurred in the chickens mainly raised in floor pens. Necrotic enteritis of chicken was occurred coincidently with coccidiosis and Gumboro disease frequently. And several cases were recurred at 2-3 weeks after recovery. 2. Clinical signs of the infected chickens were depression, decreased appetite, reluctance to move, diarrhea, ruffled feathers and acute death within several hours. 3. The characteristic biochemical properties of isolates were 2-band hemolysis, no motility, positive reaction of reverse CAMP test and the formation of LV precipitate in egg yolk medium. 4. Gross lesions of the infected chickens were distention of intestine with gas, thickened mucosa and formation of thick pseudomembrane in intestine. Livers were friable with yellowish brown color and, in some case, showed demarcated necrotic foci. 5. Histopathological findings of the infected chickens were severe necrosis of the intestinal mucosa and attachment of numerous large bacilli to the mucosal surface of necrotic villi. In liver, necrosis of liver tissue and numerous large bacilli in the necrotic foci were also observed. 6. In susceptibility test to antimicrobial agents, 12 isolates of Clostridium perfringens were highly sensitive to ampicillin, baytril, cephalothin and penicillin.

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