• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.247-257
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• 2013

본 연구는 피부사상균 Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum에 대한 일본잎갈나무 정유의 항진균 활성을 평가하고, 항진균 유효성분을 구명하고자 하였다. 또한 일본잎갈나무 정유에 노출된 피부사상균의 균사를 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 일본잎갈나무 정유의 항진균 효과를 균사의 형태학적 변화를 통하여 밝히고자 하였다. 일본잎갈나무 정유의 주성분은 (-)-bornyl acetate였으며, MIC는 모든 균에 대해 125 ppm을 나타냈다. 한천희석법을 통한 항진균 활성 평가에서는 모든 균에 대해 500 ppm 이상에서 100%의 활성, 100 ppm의 낮은 농도에서도 50% 이상의 활성을 나타냈다. SEM과 TEM을 통해 균사를 관찰한 결과, 일본잎갈나무 정유에 노출된 E. floccosum은 정상세포와 다른 균사 형태가 관찰되었다. 팡이실 모양의 격막을 갖고 있는 곧고 매끈한 표면의 정상세포와는 달리, 처리구에서는 균사 표면에 주름이 있었으며 균사가 터지거나 접히고 부풀어 오른 것, 세포소기관과 세포벽이 붕괴된 것도 관찰되었다. 분획을 통해 일본잎갈나무 정유의 항진균 유효성분을 확인한 결과, (-)-${\tau}$-muurolol, (+)-terpinen-4-ol, ${\alpha}$-terpineol, ${\alpha}$-cadinol 등의 terpene alcohol 화합물이었다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2009

벼 도열병균에 대하여 2-페닐이미노-1,3-티아졸린-4-아세트아닐리드 유도체의 NH수소가 항균력에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 2-페닐이미노-1,3-티아졸린 골격의 C-4 곁가지에 모르포리닐, 피페리디닐 등의 기능기가 도입된 4-모르포리 닐카르보닐메틸-2-페닐이미노-1,3-티아졸린 2(X=O), 피페리디닐카르보닐메틸-2-페닐이미노-1,3-티아졸린 3(X=C) 등의 새로운 화합물을 합성하였다. 합성된 30종 화합물의 대표적인 식물병원균 6종에 대한 항균력 시험을 수행하였다. 키틴 이합체를 염소로 처리한 다음 생성된 중간체, 아세토아세틸클로라이드의 분리없이 모르폴린 또는 피페리딘과 반응시켜 각각 상응하는 감마-클로로-베타-케토 유도체를 얻었다. 이들을 각각 티오우레아 유도체와 반응시켜 4-모르포리닐카르보닐메틸-2-페닐이미노-1,3-티아졸린 2, 피페리디닐카르보닐메틸-2-페닐이미노-1,3-티아졸린 3을 좋은 수율(27-98%)로 합성하였다. 화합물 3의 벼 도열병원균에 대한 항균력은 피페리디닐기가 C-4 위치에 치환되어 있고 2-페닐이미노기의 페닐기의 ortho 및 para 위치에 불소가 포함된 화합물의 경우(3j)에 가장 높았다 (100 ppm, 90%). 이것으로 미루어보아 2-페닐이미노-1,3-티아졸린 계열의 C-4위치의 치환체는 이 계열 화합물의 벼도열병균에 대한 항균활성을 나타내는데 보조적인 역할을 하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2016

2012년부터 2013년에 걸쳐 식물체 근권과 비근권 토양을 수집하였다. 수집한 토양을 희석평판법을 이용하여 총 782개의 세균을 분리하였고, 분리한 세균을 실험실내에서 Trichothecium roseum과의 대치배양을 통해 균사생장억제율이 80% 내외로 우수한 길항력을 나타내는 균주를 선발하였다. I-plate에서 HK2균주와 T. roseum두 균을 격리하여 밀폐배양 시 모두 균사생장억제 효과는 없기 때문에 휘발 물질은 아닌 것으로 판단되었다. NB배지에 길항균주와 T. roseum을 액체배양 한 결과 88% 이상 균사생장억제 효과를 보였다. HK2균주를 동정하기 위해 16S rDNA 염기서열분석과 API 50 CHB Kit (BioMerieux, France)를 이용하여 생화학적 특성을 분석한 결과 Bacillus subtilis로 동정되었다. HK2 균주가 생산한 항진균물질을 butanol로 추출한 후 flash column chromatography를 이용하여 항진균물질을 정제한 결과 methanol 80%의 조건에서 잘 분리되었으며 향후 분리 순화를 통한 화학구조분석이 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.585-599
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• 2009

본 연구는 수목으로부터 분리된 수용성 정유를 이용하여 버섯에 병해를 일으키는 푸른곰팡이병의 원인 미생물인 Trichoderma에 대한 항균활성을 확인하고자 시도되었다. 소나무(Pinus densiflora)와 편백나무(Chamaecyparis obtusa) 잎으로부터 GAP (Gas assisted process)을 이용하여 수용성 정유를 획득하였다. 버섯의 푸른 곰팡이병을 발생시키는 Trichoderma spp. 곰팡이 5종은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 균사생장이 가장 높았으며, pH 5.0의 배지조건에서 가장 양호한 균사 생장을 나타내었다. 소나무와 편백나무 잎의 수용성 정유는 3.9% 및 3.7%의 수율을 나타내었다. 소나무와 편백나무 잎 정유의 화학적 조성은 동일 화합물이 많았으며, 동일 화합물로는 $\alpha$-Terpineol acetate, Terpinen-4-ol 및 $\alpha$-Terpineol이 확인되었다. 소나무 잎의 수용성 정유는 5000 ppm 농도에서 Trichoderma harzianum에 대하여 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타냈으며, 편백나무 잎의 수용성 정유 또한 5000 ppm 농도에서 Trichoderma atroviride에 대하여 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.20-20
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• 2015

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms inhabiting living plant tissues without causing apparent harm to the host. They are drawing increasing attention due to their ability to produce various bioactive compounds as well as their effects on host growth and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. As a first step to assess biodiversity of plant associated fungi in Korea and the following evaluation on diverse biological activities, we are collecting endophytic fungi from plant in wild followed by systematic long-term storage in liquid nitrogen. Molecular identification using ITS sequences was also incorporated for pure culture by hyphal tip isolation. As of April 2015, about 1,400 fungal strains had been isolated from about 170 plant taxa. Fungal isolates belonging to Pleosporales, Diaporthales, Glomerellales, Hypocreales, and Xylariales were the most abundant. These collections are being used for several complementary researches, including screening of isolates with novel bioactive compounds or conferring drought stress resistance, phylogenetic and genomic study. Genome sequencing was performed for 3 isolates, one Xylaria sp. strain JS573 producing griseofulvin, an antifungal compound, and two Fusarium spp. strains JS626 and JS1030, which are assumed to be new species found in Korea. More detailed analysis on these genomes will be presented. These collections and genome informations will serve as invaluable resources for identifying novel bioactive materials in addition to expand our knowledge on fungal biodiversity.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.258-266
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• 2014

Single crystals of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes of 4-nitrobenzoic acid have been successfully grown by gel diffusion technique. The grown crystals were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The structure of the grown crystals was elucidated using single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The title compounds $[Co(Pnba)_2(H_2O)_4]{\cdot}2H_2O$ 1 and $[Ni(Pnba)_2(H_2O)_4]{\cdot}2H_2O$ 2 where PnbaH=4-nitrobenzoic acid, crystallize in centrosymmetric triclinic space group P-1. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that the compounds are paramagnetic in nature. The mechanical strength of the grown crystals was determined by Vicker's microhardness studies. The ligand (4-nitrobenzoic acid) and the complexes have been screened for their biological activity against various bacteria and fungi. The activity data show that the biological activity of the complexes is higher than that of the ligand.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.102.1-102
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• 2003

A bacterial strain YC4963 with antifungal activity against Colletotrichum orbiculare, a causal organism of cucumber anthracnose was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Siegesbeckia pubescens (Siegesbeckia pubescens Makino；Family：Compositae) in Korea. Based on physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, the bacterial strain was identified as Pseudomonu aureofaciens. The bacteria also inhibited mycelial growth of several plant fungal pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani on PDA and 0.1 TSA media. The antibiotic activity was found from the culture filtrate of TSB(tryptic soy broth) and its active compounds were quantitatively bound to XAD adsorber resin. The antibiotic spectrum was broad and growth of C. orbiculare and F. oxysporum, B. cinerea were inhibited at very low concentration. The chemical data from various chromatographic procedures showed that active fraction consisted of at least two phenazine derivatives. However, the metabolites had no inhibitory effect on Pythium ultimum which was reported to be sensitive to phenazine antibiotics. The compounds responsible for the activity are now under investigation.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.382-386
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• 2007

Cinnamomi Cortex (Lauraceae), the dried bark of Cinnamomum cassia BLUME, has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for its stomachic, astringent, carminative, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal properties. Four compounds were isolated from the MeOH extract of Cinnamomi Cortex, and their structures were identified as trans-cinnamic acid (1), ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (2), bis(2-methylheptyl)phthalate (3), coumarin (4) by comparison of their physical and spectral data with those reported in the literature. These compounds were tested melanogenesis inhibitory effect on B-16 mouse melanoma cell lines. Among them, trans-cinnamic acid (1) showed the most potent inhibitory effect on melanogenesis with $IC_{50}$ value of $13{\mu}g/ml$. Arbutin, positive control, exhibited an $IC_{50}$ value of $29{\mu}g/ml$.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2010

In vitro and in vivo mycofumigation effects of the volatileproducing fungus Nodulisporium sp. CF016 isolated from stem of Cinnamomum loureirii and the role of its volatile compounds were investigated against phytopathogenic fungi. The volatile compounds produced by Nodulisporium sp. CF016 inhibited and killed a wide range of plant and storage pathogens including to Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Colletotrichum coccodes, Magnaporthe oryzae, Alternaria panax, Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum. Mycofumigation with wheat bran-rice hull cultures of Nodulisporium sp. CF016 showed in vivo antifungal activity against gray mold caused by B. cinerea and blue mold caused by P. expansum of apple. The most abundant volatile compound produced by Nodulisporium sp. CF016 was $\beta$-elemene followed by 1-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene, $\beta$-selinene and $\alpha$-selinene. Nodulisporium sp. CF016 could be an attractive mycofumigant in controlling postharvest diseases of various fruits including apple.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.773-777
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• 2003

In this study, some new nitroimidazole derivatives were obtained from 2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylamine dihydrochloride (4) and 1-(2-bromoethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (5), which were prepared using metronidazole. Compound 4 was reacted with arylisothiocyanates (6) to obtain 1-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-3-arylthioureas (7) and the latter with $\alpha$-bromoacetophenones (8) to give -3-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-2-arylimino-4-aryl-4-thiazolines (9). Also 1-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-2-phenyl-4-arylideneimidazolin-5-ones (11) were prepared by reaction of 4 with 2-phenyl-4-arylidene-5-oxazolones (10). The reaction of the other starting material 5 with 5-arylidenethiazolidin-2,4-dione (12) gave 3-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-5-arylidenethiazolidin-2,4-dione (13) derivatives. Structural elucidation of the compounds was performed by IR, $^1H-NMR$ and MASS spectroscopic data and elemental analysis results. Antimicrobial activities of the compounds were examined and moderate activity was obtained.