• Title/Summary/Keyword: Antibodies

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Isolated facial diplegia variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome with anti-GM1 IgG antibody

  • Jung, Jin Ho;Lee, Sukyoon;Seo, Jung Hwa;Bae, Jong Seok;Shin, Kyong Jin;Kim, Jong Kuk;Yoon, Byeol-A;Oh, Seong-il
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.17-20
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    • 2022
  • Facial diplegia (FD) rarely occurs as a regional Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) variant. A 70-year-old male presented with bifacial weakness that had started on the left side and extended to the right after several days. He was then treated using steroids and gradually improved. Serum antiganglioside antibody testing revealed positivity for anti-GM1 IgG antibodies. FD can be idiopathic, but it is an uncommon GBS variant. The ganglioside antibody test may increase the possibility of diagnosing isolated FD.

Successful Heart Transplantation Despite Rhesus Blood Type Mismatch: A Case Report

  • Ji Hong Kim;Yu-Rim Shin
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.57 no.2
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    • pp.217-219
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    • 2024
  • Matching for the rhesus (Rh) blood group is currently not taken into account in the organ allocation system. However, in Rh-mismatched transplantation, the primary concern is the potential for RhD-negative recipients to develop sensitization and produce anti-D antibodies if they receive a transfusion of RhD-positive blood. It is estimated that over 80% of RhD-negative recipients may experience Rh allosensitization when exposed to RhD-positive blood, although this occurrence is less common in recipients of solid organs. In theory, RhD-negative recipients who receive organs from RhD-positive donors are at risk of alloimmunization and the production of anti-D antibodies, which could complicate future blood product transfusions. However, our understanding of the impact of donor-recipient Rh mismatch on transplant outcomes, particularly in heart transplantation, is limited. We report a case of successful Rh-mismatched heart transplantation, which was effectively managed through the use of preoperative RhD immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis.

Follicular Helper T (Tfh) Cells in Autoimmune Diseases and Allograft Rejection

  • Yun-Hui Jeon;Youn Soo Choi
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.219-232
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    • 2016
  • Production of high affinity antibodies for antigens is a critical component for the immune system to fight off infectious pathogens. However, it could be detrimental to our body when the antigens that B cells recognize are of self-origin. Follicular helper T, or Tfh, cells are required for the generation of germinal center reactions, where high affinity antibody-producing B cells and memory B cells predominantly develop. As such, Tfh cells are considered as targets to prevent B cells from producing high affinity antibodies against self-antigens, when high affinity autoantibodies are responsible for immunopathologies in autoimmune disorders. This review article provides an overview of current understanding of Tfh cells and discusses it in the context of animal models of autoimmune diseases and allograft rejections for generation of novel therapeutic interventions.