• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.189-195
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• 2004

1bis study investigated the antioxidative effect in kidney of senescence-accelerated prone SAMP8 mice with calorie restriction. 4-weeks-old SAMP8 female mice were divided into 4 groups according to the experimental feeding period: for 4, 8, 12 month, and at natural death. Each group was subdivided into 2 groups, with thirteen mice each one, as ad libitum group and as dietary restriction group (60% of ad libitum feeding amount). After feeding for a given period, the mice were sacrificed to get the following results: among the experimental groups, there wereno significant differences in xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in their kidney tissues. The contents of cytochrome $P_{450}$ decreased in ad libitum group and dietary restriction group by age. The activity of NADPH-cytochrome $P_{450}$ reductase showed a trend similar to cytochrome $P_{450}$. Superoxide radical content increased with age. At the 4th, 8th and 12 months of the experimental period, the activity in the dietary restriction group was less than that of ad libitum group by as much as 17% 14% and 14% respectively. For hydrogen peroxide, the contents were increased in the ad libitum group with age, while no correlation between content and age was observed in the dietary restriction group. In the 8th and 12th months of the experimental period, the were in the dietary restriction group less than that of ad libitum group counterpart as much as 17% and 20o/c, respectively. For the cellular membrane stability of the kidney, no significant correlation with age was observed in either the dietary restriction group or the ad libitum group. However at the 12th month of the experiment, however, the stability in the dietary restriction group was 11 % higher than that in the ad libitum group. In conclusion, with these results obtained from the SAMP8 mouse model, we demonstrate that dietary restriction has the effects of anti-oxidation and anti-senescence in the kidney.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.401-406
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• 2015

The aim of present study is to investigate antioxidative effect of the Rice Bran Extracts and Defatted Rice Bran Extracts. Rice Bran Extracts used Rice Bran Water Extract, Rice Bran Ethanol Extract, Defatted Rice Bran Water Extract, Defatted Rice Bran Ethanol Extract. This study was carried out to examine quenching effects of Rice bran extracts on DPPH-, Riboflavin-, and Xanthin oxidase- originated superoxide activities. In addition, in order to determine whether Rice Bran Extract can be safely applied to human skin, the cytotoxic effects of Rice Bran Extract in Human Dermal Fibroblast cells were determined using MTS Assay. These results demonstrated that RBE and DRBE had anti-oxidative properties and did not induce the cytotoxic effects in Human Dermal Fibroblast cells. Therefore, these findings suggest that anti-oxidative properties of RBE and DRBE may be considered convergence with skin care.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.147-155
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• 2008

In previous works, we found that solvent extract of Opuntia humifusa Raf., a member of the lactaceae family, displayed potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, all solvent fractions, except for the water layer, showed potent scavenging effects. According to activity-guided fractionation, one of active radical scavenging principles in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be taxifolin. In this study, we investigated whether taxifolin showed anti-oxidative activity. In addition, taxifolin modulated nitric oxide (NO) release and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA such as interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and TNF-${\alpha}$. Taxifolin showed potent anti-oxidant activity with the $IC_{50}\;of\;8.5{\pm}1.4\;and\;9.3{\pm}1.0{\mu}M$ using xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XO) assay and 2,2-Diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, respectively. We next determined the role of taxifolin on the immunomodulating activity using murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells. Taxifolin dose-dependently inhibited NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7. It also significantly blocked the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, taxifolin potently suppressed the expression of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and GM-CSF mRNA in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, but not that of TNF-${\alpha}$ Moreover, taxifolin significantly inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) and activator protein -1 (AP-1). These results suggest that taxifolin may downregulate inflammatory iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and GM-CSF gene expressions through inhibition of NF-K and AP-1 activation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.249-257
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• 2022

Objectives : Aquilaria crassna is a traditional herbal medicine, which is used to treat allergies, diabetes, neurological diseases. Recently, Aquilaria crassna extracts have been reported in anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, various solvents fraction of Aquilaria crassna were investigated on various physiological activities. Methods : According to the polarity, the solvents fraction of Aquilaria crassna were confirmed through TLC, and the activities of the extracts were confirmed in anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, whitening, anti-gout, and anti-inflammation. Results : TLC results showed that ACM and ACM/E have similar patterns and most of the components were transferred to ACM/E. Treatment with ACM and ACM/E fraction were significantly decreased the generation of NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cells. Analysis of biological activities such as α-glucosidase, protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B), tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase (XO) and pancreatic lipase inhibition, showed that ACM and ACM/E have more inhibitory effects than other fractions. Conclusions : Therefore, the results of the present study clearly demonstrate that Aquilaria crassna and its constituents might be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of immune-regulating effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1241-1248
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• 2010

The solvent extracts of Nelumbo nucifera G. were investigated for antioxidant activities, whitening and anti-wrinkle effects to apply as a functional ingredient in cosmetic products. For their industrial application, the cosmetic products were also prepared with advanced formulation techniques such as W/O/W multiple emulsion. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents increased in Nelumbo nucifera G.-Leaf (NN-L). The electron donating ability of Nelumbo nucifera G.-Flower (NN-F) or Nelumbo nucifera G.-Leaf (NN-L) extracts were above 85% at a concentration of 500 ppm. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of Nelumbo nucifera G. (NN-L) extracts was about 60% at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect of NN-L extract was higher than that of NN-F and NN-S extracts. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect, which is related to skin-whitening, was 36% in NN-F at 1,000 ppm. For anti-wrinkle effect, the elastase inhibition activity of NN-L was about 30% at 1,000 ppm. The results of stability test showed that W/O/W multiple emulsion (ME) containing Nelumbo nucifera G. extracts. The electron donating ability of the ME containing NN-F and NN-L were about 60% at a concentration of 100 ppm. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of the ME containing NN-L was 30% at 1,000 ppm. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect, which is related to skin-whitening, was 34% in the ME containing NN-F at 1,000 ppm. In anti-wrinkle effect, the elastase inhibition activity of the ME containing NN-L was about 55% at 1,000 ppm.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.170-179
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the physiological activities of Cnidium officinale Makino extracts on extraction solvents. The yield of ethanol extract, 87.54%, was higher than that of the hot water extract(83.06%) and of the methanol extract(78.32%). In the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase, the ethanol extracts and methanol from Cnidium officinale Makino appeared to show significantly higher activity than hot water extract at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the ethanol and the methanol extracts at $50-2,000{\mu}g/mL$ were 19.96-89.01% and 19.41-88.21%, respectively. The SOD-like activities of all the extracts improved with an increase in the treatment concentration. Both collagenase and elastase inhibitory activities were shown higher from the ethanol and methanol extract compared to that of hot water extract. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of ethanol extract, 12.04-73.85%($50-2,000{\mu}g/mL$), was higher than that of the other extracts. Taken together, these data suggest that Cnidium officinale Makino extract is effective in whitening and anti-wrinkle effect, thus it might strongly be considered as potential functional cosmetic components.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

Leaves of Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai are used in folk medicine for their anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and diuretic properties. To ensure efficient utilization of S. quelpaertensis leaf, we previously reported a preparation method for phytochemical-rich extract (PRE) using the leaf residue, which was produced after hot water extraction. This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypouricemic potential of S. quelpaertensis leaf PRE in potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic mice. The administration of PRE significantly reduced serum uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine levels and increased urine UA and creatinine levels in the PO-induced hyperuricemic mice. It also reduced liver UA levels and xanthine oxidase (XA) activity. A histological analysis revealed that PRE administration protected against PO-induced liver damage, pointing to anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects in PO-induced hyperuricemic mice. We analyzed the transcriptome response to PRE administration in PO-induced hyperuricemic mice using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) in kidney tissues. The administration of PRE mainly enriched genes involved in mediating immune and inflammatory responses and the metabolic pathway. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the metabolic pathway, purine metabolism, and antibody biosynthesis were the major pathways altered in the PRE and PO groups. These results suggest a potential role for PRE in the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia with inflammation.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2005

Objectives : This is the study of the application as the ingredients of cosmetics through the examination of the function for physiological activity of Chestnut inner shell. Methods : Chestnut inner shell, which had been extracted, concentrated, and freeze drying with water and ethanol, have been used for the experiment. The effects on electronic donating ability, SOD-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition, whitening effect, nitric oxide inhibition have been investigated in the physiological activity measurement of function experiment. Results : We used BHA and kogic acid for the comparative. As a result of testing electron donating ability, at over 100ppm of water extract and ethanol extract, BHA showed relatively high donating ability by more than 90%. And as a result of measuring SOD like activity, 1000ppm of water extract showed an effect of 30% and ethanol extract showed an effect of 40%, BHA showed an effect of 30%. In the xanthine oxidase inhibition test, 1000ppm of water extract showed an effect of 70% and ethanol extract showed an effect of 63%, BHA showed an effect of 100%. In the tyrosinase inhibition test, 1000ppm of water extract showed an effect of 55% and ethanol extract showed an effect of 87%, Kogic acid showed an effect of 98%. In the anti-inflammatory test, the water extract and ethanol extract inhibited the generation of nitric oxide. Conclusions : The results indicated that extract of Chestnut inner shell can be used as a natural ingredients with biological function in cosmetics ingredients.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2015

Blueberries (Ericaceae) are cultivated worldwide, and are used not only as foodstuff but also for relievement of eyestrain. Bluberry species representatively includes highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum L.), lowbush blueberry (V. angustifolium $A_{IT}$.), rabbiteye blueberry (V. ashei $R_{EADE}$), and bilberry blueberry (V. myrtillus L.). All of these species contain large amounts of phenolics and anthocyanins. In this regard, we isolated six compounds from Korea cultivated blueberry and identified as 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), myricetin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-galactoside (3), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (4), ethyl-3-O-caffeoylquinic acid ester (5), ethyl-5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid ester (6) by $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and MS. Anti-oxidative activities of six compounds were verified by anti-oxidant assay such as DPPH, ABTS and Hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system. And then, anti-oxidant activities of Korea blueberry and Canadian were compared with each other. These results support that Korean blueberry has also the possibility to be potential supplementary material as healthy food like Canadian blueberry. Therefore, Korean blueberry can be used as a substitute of Canadian blueberry.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2004

As a novel anti-wrinkle agent, 3,9-diferuloyl-6-oxopterocarpen (Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$) has been synthesized and its anti-aging effects have been investigated. In the present study, to investigate the relationship between aging and Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$, we examined its effect on scavenging activities of radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), in vitro inhibition activity of matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) and expression of UVA-induced MMPs in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ was found to show activities of scavenging radicals and ROS with the $IC_{50}$/ values of 0.2 mM and 0.95 mM against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and superoxide radicals, respectively, in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. Fluorometric assays for the proteolytic activities of MMP-l (collagenase) were performed using fluorescent collagen substrates. Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ inhibited the activities of MMP-l in a dose-dependent manner and the $IC_{50}$/ values calculated from semi-log plots were 0.025 mM. Also, UVA induced MMP-1 expression was reduced 85％ by treatment with Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ at 0.8 uM, which was reduced dose-dependent manner. The results of clinical study showed that 4.8 mM Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ treated group reduced wrinkle significantly compared with placebo treated group (P 〈 0.05). Taken together, these result suggest that Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ act as an anti-wrinkle agent by taking effects to antioxidation and reducing UVA-induced MMP-l production.-l production.