• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.506-518
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• 2021

The imprinted tumour suppressor NOEY2 is downregulated in various cancer types, including ovarian cancers. Recent data suggest that NOEY2 plays an essential role in regulating the cell cycle, angiogenesis and autophagy in tumorigenesis. However, its detailed molecular function and mechanisms in ovarian tumours remain unclear. In this report, we initially demonstrated the inhibitory effect of NOEY2 on tumour growth by utilising a xenograft tumour model. NOEY2 attenuated the cell growth approximately fourfold and significantly reduced tumour vascularity. NOEY2 inhibited the phosphorylation of the signalling components downstream of phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase (PI3K), including phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK-1), tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC-2) and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), during ovarian tumour progression via direct binding to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Particularly, the N-terminal domain of NOEY2 (NOEY2-N) had a potent anti-angiogenic activity and dramatically downregulated VEGF and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), key regulators of angiogenesis. Since no X-ray or nuclear magnetic resonance structures is available for NOEY2, we constructed the three-dimensional structure of this protein via molecular modelling methods, such as homology modelling and molecular dynamic simulations. Thereby, Lys15 and Arg16 appeared as key residues in the N-terminal domain. We also found that NOEY2-N acts as a potent inhibitor of tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. These findings provide convincing evidence that NOEY2-N regulates endothelial cell function and angiogenesis by interrupting the VEGFR-2/PDK-1/GSK-3β signal transduction and thus strongly suggest that NOEY2-N might serve as a novel anti-tumour and anti-angiogenic agent against many diseases, including ovarian cancer.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.309-314
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• 2005

We performed a basic experiment for the rapid, on-line, real-time measurement of hepatitis B surface antigen using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. We immobilized anti­HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) polyclonal antibody, as a ligand, to the dextran layer on a CM5 chip surface that had previously been activated by N-hydroxysuccinimide. A sample solution containing HBsAg was fed through a microfluidic channel, and the reflecting angle change due to the mass increase from the binding was detected. The binding characteristics between HBsAg and its polyclonal antibody followed the typical monolayer adsorption isotherm. When the entire immobilized antibody had interacted, no additional, non-specific binding occurred, suggesting the immunoreaction was very specific. The bound antigen per unit mass of the antibody was independent of the immobilized ligand density. No significant steric hindrance was observed at an immobilization density of approximately $17.6 ng/mm^2$. The relationship between the HBsAg concentration in the sample solution and the antigen bound to the ligand was linear up to ca. $40{\mu}g$/mL. This linearity was much higher than that of the ELISA method. It appeared the anti­gen-antibody binding increased as the immobilized ligand density increased. In summary, this study showed the potential of this SPR biosensor-based method as a rapid, simple and multi­sample on-line assay. Once properly validated, it may serve as a more efficient method for HBsAg quantification for replacing the ELISA.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.213-219
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• 2018

Background: The study of conservative and surgical treatment of distal biceps tendinopathy and associated biceps tendon partial rupture. Methods: Twenty-one cases with distal biceps tendonitis and partial ruptures were studied who visited Pohang Semyeong Christianity Hospital from June 2010 to August 2017. The mean age was 57.1 years (39-69 years), 14 males and 7 females. The mean duration of symptom at the time of first visit was 4.9 months (0.2-14 months). Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging were performed for patients with severe symptoms. According to the severity of the symptoms, splint immobilization, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and ultrasound-guided steroid injection were performed. Surgical treatment was performed if the patient did not respond to conservative treatment for 3 to 6 months or longer. Results: There were 9 cases of partial rupture of the distal biceps tendon associated with distal biceps tendinopathy on imaging studies. Conservative treatment showed symptomatic improvement in 16 of 21 cases. In 4 cases with a relatively mild symptom, anti-inflammatory analgesics and intermittent splinting showed good result. In 12 cases, symptoms improved after ultrasonography-guided steroid injection. Surgical treatment was performed on 5 cases that did not respond to conservative treatment. Conclusions: Conservative treatment of distal biceps tendinopathy may promise good results. However, in case of partial tear of the distal biceps tendon and refractory to conservative treatment, surgical treatment may be needed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.307-310
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• 2015

We report a case of a paradoxical response of a tuberculoma in the brain mimicking a brain tumor. A 76-year-old woman presented with a 2 week history of headache, dysarthia, and orthopnea. Brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) revealed two rim-enhancing lesions on the pons and occipital lobe, and chest computed tomography showed randomly distributed miliary nodules. The tentative diagnosis was tuberculosis (TB) of the brain and lung. She complained of right hemiparesis and worsening general weakness after taking the anti-TB medication. On the monthly follow-up images, the enhanced lesions were enlarged with increased perfusion and choline/creatinine ratio, suggesting a high grade glioma. A surgical resection was completed to diagnose the occipital lesion, and the tuberculoma was pathologically confirmed by a positive TB-polymerase chain reaction. The anti-TB medication was continued for 13 months. A follow-up MRI showed decreased size of the brain lesions associated with perilesional edema, and the clinical symptoms had improved. Brain tuberculoma could be aggravated mimicking brain malignancy during administration of anti-TB medication. This paradoxical response can be effectively managed by continuing the anti-TB drugs.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.209-217
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• 2017

In the enduring investigation of the bioactive microbes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (referred to as CGK-KS-1 (ICTB-315)), isolated from Chumathang hot spring, Ladakh, and India, was identified to possess a major bioactive fraction with antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties. This bioactive metabolite was purified through bioactivity-guided fractionation. The chemical structure of this major compound was elucidated as phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) based on $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR, FT-IR, EI-HR-MS and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. In the current study, PCN exhibited antimicrobial activity with MIC values ranging between $1.9-3.9{\mu}g/ml$ against various test human pathogens and Xanthomonas spp. PCN showed the anti-biofilm property with the $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 17.04 to $60.7{\mu}M$ against different test pathogens. The in silico docking studies showed PCN strongly interacted with various proteins of different Xanthomonas spp. with high binding energies. We report herein for the first time the anti-biofilm property and the docking studies of PCN. The extrolite from P. aeruginosa strain CGK-KS-1 showed promising bioactivities and may be considered as a potential candidate for application in various biocontrol strategies.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.37-50
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-caner effect of Bee Venom and Melittin on the prostatic cancer cell(PC-3). The goal of study is to ascertain whether Bee Venom and Melittin inhibits the cell growth and cell cycle of PC-3, or the expression of relative genes and whether the regression of PC-3 cell growth is due to cell death or the expression of gene related to apoptosis. Methods : After the treatment of Pc-3 cells with Bee Venom and Melittin, we performed Fluorescence microscope, MTT assay, Western blotting, Flow cytometry, PAGE electrophoresis and Surface plasmon resonance analysis to identify the cell viability, apoptosis and gene related to apoptosis. Results : 1. Compared with Control cell, the inhibition of cell growth reduced in proportion with the dose of Bee Venom or Melittin($0{\sim}10{\mu}g/ml$) in PC-3. 2. In PC-3, Cell viabilities of Bee Venom or Melittin treatment was decreased significantly. 3. The nucli of Control cells were stained round and homogenous in DAPI staining, but those of PC-3 were stained condense and splitted. 4. In PC-3, apoptosis of Bee Venom or Melittin treatment was increased significantly. 5. Bax, Caspase-3 and P ARP of Bee Venom or Melittin treatment was increased significantly and Bcl-2 of Bee Venom or Melittin treatment was decreased significantly. Caspase-9 of Bee venom treatment was increased significantly. Conclusion : These results indicate that Bee Venom and Melittin inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells, has anti-cancer effects by inducing apoptosis. We wish that the anti-cancer effects of Bee Venom and Melittin are used to clinical caner treatment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.630-637
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• 2016

The chemical components and biological activity of Camellia mistletoe, Korthalsella japonica (Loranthaceae) are relatively unknown compared to other mistletoe species. Therefore, we investigated the phytochemical properties and biological activity of this parasitic plant to provide essential preliminary scientific evidence to support and encourage its further pharmaceutical research and development. The major plant components were chromatographically isolated using high-performance liquid chromatography and their structures were elucidated using tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance anlysis. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of the 70% ethanol extract of K. japonica (KJ) and its isolated components was evaluated using a nitric oxide (NO) assay and western blot analysis for inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Three flavone di-C-glycosides, lucenin-2, vicenin-2, and stellarin-2 were identified as major components of KJ, for the first time. KJ significantly inhibited NO production and reduced iNOS and COX-2 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells at $100{\mu}g/mL$ while similar activity were observed with isolated flavone C-glycosides. In conclusion, KJ has a simple secondary metabolite profiles including flavone di-C-glycosides as major components and has a strong potential for further research and development as a source of therapeutic anti-inflammatory agents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.694-699
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• 2002

As the demand for slim laptops requires ion'-height optical disc drives, vibration problems of optical disc drives are of great concern. Additionally, with the decrease of a track width and a depth of focus in high density drives, studies on vibration resonance between mechanical parts become more important. From the vibration point of view, the performance of optical disc drives is closely related with the relative displacement between a disc and an objective lens which is controlled by servo mechanism. In other words, to read and write data properly, the relative displacement between an optical disc and an objective lens should be within a certain limit. The relative displacement is dependent on not only an anti-vibration mechanism design but also servo control capability. Good servo controls can make compensation for poor mechanisms, and vice versa. In a usual development process, robustness of the anti-vibration mechanism is always verified with the servo control of an objective lens. Engineers partially modify servo gain margin in case of a data reading error. This modification cannot correct the data reading error occasionally and the mechanism should be redesigned more robustly. Therefore it is necessary to verify a mechanism with respect to the possible servo gain plot. In this study we propose the experimental verification method far anti-vibration mechanism with respect to the existing servo gain plot. This method verifies axial vibration characteristics of optical disc drives on the basis of transmissibility. Using this method, we verified our mechanism and modified the mechanism for better anti-vibration characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.437-443
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• 2016

Background: Previous phytochemical studies of whole Vernonia cinerea L. plants have identified sesquiterpene lactones, sterols, and triterpenes, which possess anticancer, antifeedant, and antimalarial activities. However, there are no reports of other types of bioactive metabolites. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify phenolic compounds with anti-inflammatory activity in the aerial parts of the plant. Methods and Results: Compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of V. cinerea using a silica and C-18 gel columns and semi-preparative HPLC instrument, and the structures of the compounds were determined using one- and two- dimension nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. The chloroform soluble extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory potential based on their ability to inhibit nitric oxide production and $TNF-{\alpha}$ induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity. Conclusions: Phytochemical study of the aerial parts of V. cinerea led to the isolation of six phenolic compounds. Compound 1 was a major metabolite, and to the best of our knowledge, compounds 2 - 6 were isolated from V.cinerea for the first time. Among the isolates, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 7.5 and 11.5 M, respectively, and the inhibitory activity of phenyl propanoid compound 3 on $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ was evaluated for the first time.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.833-839
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• 2002

As the demand for slim laptops requires low-height optical disc drives, vibration problems of optical disc drives are of great concern. Additionally, with the decrease of a track width and a depth of focus in high density drives, studies on vibration resonance between mechanical parts become more important. From the vibration point of view, the performance of optical disc drives is closely related with the relative displacement between a disc and an objective lens which is controlled by servo mechanism. In other words, to read and write data properly, the relative displacement between an optical disc and an objective lens should be within a certain limit. The relative displacement is dependent on not only an anti-vibration mechanism design but also servo control capability. Good servo controls can make compensation for poor mechanisms, and vice versa. In a usual development process, robustness of the anti-vibration mechanism is always verified with the servo control of an objective lens. Engineers partially modify servo gain margin in case of a data reading error. This modification cannot correct the data reading error occasionally and the mechanism should be redesigned more robustly. Therefore it is necessary to verify a mechanism with respect to the possible servo gain plot. In this study we propose the experimental verification method for anti-vibration mechanism with respect to the existing servo gain plot. Thismethod verifies axial vibration characteristics of optical disc drives on the basis of transmissibility. Using this method, we verified our mechanism and modified the mechanism for better anti-vibration characteristics.