• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.695-700
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity of syringin isolated from Cortex Fraxini to investigate their potential for use as safe natural compounds. Purified syringin was dissolved in distilled water for each concentration and used in each experiment. Syringin showed higher 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at a concentration of 50 ㎍/ml. In 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, activity was similar to that of BHT at all concentrations. In antioxidant protection factor measurement, activity of syringin slightly increased as the concentration increased, as did the inhibitory effect of thiobarbutric acid reactive substances. In evaluating anti-microbial activity, the clear zones of Listeria monocytogenes KCTC 13064, Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1916, Escherichia coli KCTC 2571, and Helicobacter pylori HPKCTC B0150 at a concentration of 200 ㎍/ml were found to be 17.8 mm, 20.45 mm, 17.05 mm, and 16.8 mm, respectively, but no clear zone was observed in the case of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The activity against water-soluble antioxidants was therefore superior to that against lipid-soluble antioxidants. Anti-microbial activity was examined by inhibiting growth against gram-positive and -negative strains, and anti-fungal activity was not observed. Based on the results of this study, syringin has possible applications as a natural anti-oxidant and anti-microbial material.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2019

The thinning Green ball apple was extracted using water and ethanol and a phenolic concentration of thinning Green ball apple was $50-200{\mu}g/mL$. The water and ethanol extracts of thinning Green ball apple showed 94.69% and 92.24% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and 100.30% and 99.16% 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity at phenolic concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The water and ethanol extracts of thinning Green ball apple showed antioxidant protection factor of 1.76 antioxidant protection factor and 1.76 antioxidant protection factor, respectively. The water and ethanol extracts showed 101.46% and 99.64% anti-oxidative effect on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances at phenolic concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$. Hence, the water and ethanol extracts of thinning Green ball apple can be considered a potential anti-oxidant. The water and ethanol extracts showed 33.28% and 32.14% hyaluronidase inhibition, respectively, at phenolic concentration of $150{\mu}g/mL$. The water and ethanol extracts showed 47.33% and 40.92% elastase inhibition and 46.19% and 65.58% collagenase inhibition at phenolic concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. About these experiments, thinning Green ball apple was found to exhibit anti-oxidation activity as well as hyaluronidase, elastase and collagenase inhibitory activities. Therefore, thinning Green ball apple can be considered a potential source for functional food.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.528-534
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• 2018

The current study investigated the effects of enzyme treatment on black rice (Oryza sativa L.) aleurone layer extracts. Different enzymes (lipase, lecitase ultra and lipopan 50BG) were used to test anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. The antioxidant activities of enzyme treated or non-enzyme treated extracts of black rice bran were evaluated via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity. Lipase treated extracts of black rice bran showed higher antioxidant activity compared to that of non-enzyme treated extracts. Anti-inflammatory activities of enzyme treated black rice bran extracts on nitrite production and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) secretion, were tested using a nitric oxide (NO) colorimetric assay kit and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The ethanolic extract of enzyme treated black rice bran decreased the levels of nitric oxide production and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, in a lipopolysaccharidestimulated RAW 264.7 cell culture. These findings indicate that enhanced anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activities of the ethanolic extracts of enzyme treated black rice (Oryza sativa L.) aleurone layers, may be attributed to molecular conversion of ingredients in enzyme catalyzed reactions.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.2 s.51
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• pp.207-212
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• 2005

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) which is very rich in Polyphenols and tannins was recently reported its anti-oxidant activities and phytoestrogenic activities in vivo test and many clinical studies, but the effects of them on the skin have not been reported. The experiments were tarried out in vitro to determine anti-oxidant activities of pomegranate extracts on DPPH radical scavenging assay, NBT/Xanthine Oxidase-superoxide scavenging assay, silica-induced intracellular $H_2O_2$, hydroperoxide and superoxide generation assay in RAW 264.7 cells. It showed that the methanolic extract of dried pomegranate peels have the most significant anti-oxidant activities on free radical scavenging assay and inhibitory activities on silica-induced intracellular free radical generation in RAW 264.7 cells. The concentrated juice of pomegranate showed only DPPH radical scavenging activities and inhibited hyaluronidase activity. Moreover, pomegranate seed oil inhibited specially silica-induced intracellular hydroperoxide generation in RAW 264.7 cells. These results suggest that the methanolic extract of dried pomegranate peels and pomegranate seed oil have more anti-oxidant activity than concentrated juice of pomegranate. Thus the extracts of pomegranate peels and seed oil could be developed cosmetic ingredients for anti-aging.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2015

Blueberries (Ericaceae) are cultivated worldwide, and are used not only as foodstuff but also for relievement of eyestrain. Bluberry species representatively includes highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum L.), lowbush blueberry (V. angustifolium $A_{IT}$.), rabbiteye blueberry (V. ashei $R_{EADE}$), and bilberry blueberry (V. myrtillus L.). All of these species contain large amounts of phenolics and anthocyanins. In this regard, we isolated six compounds from Korea cultivated blueberry and identified as 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), myricetin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-galactoside (3), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (4), ethyl-3-O-caffeoylquinic acid ester (5), ethyl-5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid ester (6) by $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and MS. Anti-oxidative activities of six compounds were verified by anti-oxidant assay such as DPPH, ABTS and Hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system. And then, anti-oxidant activities of Korea blueberry and Canadian were compared with each other. These results support that Korean blueberry has also the possibility to be potential supplementary material as healthy food like Canadian blueberry. Therefore, Korean blueberry can be used as a substitute of Canadian blueberry.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2008

1. Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-aging and anti-oxidant effects of Hyeongbangjiwhang-tang decoction(HGD) in SD rats. 2. Methods This experiment was used the tissue of kidney, bladder and spleen cells of 6, 52 and 68 weeks old SD rats. Each age group was again divided into three groups. One group, as normal group, was not-treated cells, another group, as control group, was saline-treated cells, and the last group, as experimental group, was HG-treated cells. After culture for 48 hours, each groups measured the level of SOD, GSH, MDA and NO in the tissue of kidney, bladder and spleen cells. 3. Results and Conclusions The activity of SOD were significantly increased in kidney cell of 68 w-HGD group, bladder cell of 52 w-HGD group and in spleen cell of 52,68 w-HGD group compared with those of the control groups. The level of GSH were significantly increased in bladder cell of 52w-HGD group and in spleen cell of 68w-HGD group compared with those of the control groups. The level of MDA were significantly decreased in bladder cell of 68 w-HGD group and in spleen cell of 68w-HGD group compared with those of the control groups. The level of NO were significantly decreased in kidney cell of 68 w-HGD group, bladder cell of 52, 68w-HGD groups, and in spleen cell of 68w-HGD group compared with those of the control groups. These results suggest that HGD(Hyeongbangjiwhang-tang) has anti-oxidant effects in aged rats.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2020

Soy sauce is one of the representatives of traditional fermented foods in Korea. However, studies on soy sauce are relatively insufficient in Korea compared to Japan. In this study, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of polysaccharides were measured by polysaccharides isolated from two different soy sauces, Korean and Japanese (KSS-0 and JSS-0). KSS-0 was purified into two fractions using gel chromatography and named them as KSS-I and KSS-II. To investigate the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides, we measured the polyphenol content and radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of polysaccharides, we used RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and induced inflammation using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Then, we measured levels of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Among the four polysaccharides, KSS-II showed the highest antioxidant activity and had good anti-inflammatory activity; KSS-II decreased inflammatory mediators in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the polysaccharide isolated from Korean soy sauce (KSS-II) showed better anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities than polysaccharides isolated from Japanese soy sauce, and may be useful as substances for functional foods.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2017

Objectives : Yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) possess various nutrients, it has been widely used as traditional cosmetic material in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidant activity and the anti-melanogenic effect of Yambean (Pachyrhizus erosus) extract and its fractions. Methods : The anti-oxidant activity of yam bean extract assessed based on total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay. To evaluate anti-melanogenic effects and cytotoxicity of Yambean extract and its fractions, B16F10 melanoma cell was used. Results : In results, total polyphenol content of yam bean water extract (YW) and Yambean 70% ethanol extract (YE) were $1.18{\pm}0.03mg/g$ (mg of gallic acid/g of sample), $1.16{\pm}0.01mg/g$. Total flavonoid contents of YW, YE were $3.55{\pm}0.06mg/g$ (mg of naringin/g of sample), $1.78{\pm}0.03mg/g$. Moreover, YE scavenged DPPH and ABTS effectively in $4mg/m{\ell}$ compared to YW. Cytotoxicity of YE and its fractions in B16F10 melanoma cell was measured using MTT assays. It had no cytotoxicity up to $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Melanin accumulation in B16F10 melanoma cell was induced using alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}-MSH$) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). B16F10 melanoma cell treated with $10-500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ YE and hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, $H_2O$ fractions for 24h. Non treated B16F10 melanoma cell (Control) markedly increased melanin contents. In contrast, YE ethylacetate fraction effectively suppressed melanin accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion : In conclusion, these results suggest that Yambean extract has the potential as a cosmetic material which possess anti-oxidant and anti-melanogenic activities.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Objectives : Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in a wide spectrum of diseases including chronic inflammation and cancer. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts from the herbal teas such as Lonicera japonica Thunberg (L. japonica), Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat (C. morifolium), Mentha arvensis L. (M. arvensis), and P.rhizoma. Methods : Anti-oxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating assay. And DNA cleavage assay was performed to evaluate an anti-oxidative effect. Anti-inflammatory effect was performed using NO generation assay and western blot in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell line. Results : L. japonica scavenged DPPH radical by 9.8% at 12.5 ${\mu}g/ml$, 24.8% at 25 ${\mu}g/ml$, 34.3% at 50 ${\mu}g/ml$, 61.1% at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 75.8% at 200 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In addition, C. morifolium and M. arvensis removed DPPH radical by 15.6% and 10.4% at 12.5 ${\mu}g/ml$, 34.8% and 22.8% at 25 ${\mu}g/ml$, 66.9% and 43.3% at 50 ${\mu}g/ml$, 87.4% and 69.1% at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$, and 92.1% and 73.2% at 200 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. However, P. rhizoma did not affect on DPPH radical scavenging. The $Fe^{2+}$ chelating activity was highest in L. japonica, but lowest in P. rhizoma among the herbal teas. In addition, the extracts from L. japonica, C. morifolium and M. arvensis inhibited oxidative DNA damage via its anti-oxidant activity. In anti-inflammatory effect, the extracts from C. morifolium inhibited NO production. In addition, it suppressed the $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusions : Together, this study indicates that L. japonica, M. arvensis and C. morifolium possess the protective effect against the oxidative DNA damage. Furthermore, C. morifolium exerts an anti-inflammatory effect.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.327-331
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• 2013

This study aimed to observe the effects of Sea Buckthorn seed extracts (SEB) on anti-oxidation and antiinflammation. SEB were found to strongly depress ROS production depending on concentration, and 46.5% anti-oxidation effects were found in the top concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/mL$. Histamine and arachidonic acid release were measured to observe the effects of SEB on anti-inflammation. SEB inhibited histamine release and arachidonic acid release on dose dependent manner. Based on the results above, the conclusion is drawn that SEB have the potential to be used as natural materials that are effective for anti-oxidation and antiinflammation.