• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.361-373
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• 2016

This study tested the antioxidant activities and anti-aging effects of an extract of Orostachys japonicus, a herb used as a folk remedy for cancer for a long time. To assess the antioxidant activities of the Orostachys japonicus extract (OJE), the total polyphenol content was confirmed to have a high caffeic acid equivalent weight of 12 g by dry weight of 100g OJE and the total flavonoid content was confirmed that the quercetin equivalent of 1.7 g by dry weight of 100g OJE. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was confirmed a high scavenging activity of 79.7% at a concentration of 1%. To confirm the anti-aging effect of OJE, MMP-1 expression was decreased in $25{\mu}L/mL$ and $50{\mu}L/mL$ similar to control. In a clinical experiment, a group of subjects who used a cosmetic product containing OJE showed a significant increase in the amount of skin moisture from the forehead, left cheek, and chin. The experimental group showed a significant increase in the amount of skin sebum from the chin and maintaining pH balance of normal skin, As a result, the OJE demonstrates the efficacy of natural cosmetic material as antioxidant and anti-aging.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.109-121
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• 1996

It was intended to investigate the effect of the microbiological kitchen hygiene such as dishclothes and scrubbers. The 8indicator organisms (standard plate counts, coliform, heterotroph, enterococcus, staphylococcus, heat-stable bacteria, psychrotroph, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were detected highly in dishwaters, dishcloth and scrubber. Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus were appeared on dishcloth dominantly than the scrubber, and the scrubbers were intruded by hetrotrophs and psychrotrophs numerously than dishclothes. The germ-resistant sponge inhibited the growth of the most of test strain, and appeared the about 100% reduction rate after 24 hr, but did not affect Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. fragi so typically after 24 hr. The anti-microorganism durability of germ-resistant sponge, treated with food soil, was maintained by 10 days, the early stage strain density was founded in 20 days, and the strains grew after 30 days.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.975-984
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• 2018

The purpose of that was to investigate the potential of P. Herba extracts as phytonutrient active ingredients. In order to elucidate the P.Herba ethanol extracts were examined DPPH radical scavenging activity, NO production, protective effects against oxidative stress in HaCaT cells, anti-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial activity, anti-allergic effects, and inhibition of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase expression. The antioxidative activity of the P. Herba extracts was compared, and the antioxidative activity of the ethanol extract was found to be superior. No significant cytotoxicity was observed in HaCaT, RAW 264.7, and RBL-2H3 cells. The protective effect of the extracts against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) was examined in HaCaT cells, and it was found to be 83% This concentration refers to which extract ethanol at $100{\mu}g/mL$. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was examined in RAW 264.7 cells, and NO production was suppressed even at low concentrations. In addition, the concentration-dependent antimicrobial activities of the extracts were demonstrated in several bacterial strains, such as those of S.aureus, S.epidermidis and P. acnes. Based on the findings from this study, Portulacae Herba extracts could be used as physiological active substance that possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.202-209
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• 2009

This study was conducted to gather the basic data on the spread of the domestic kiwifruits, and the development of the manufactured goods and the health functional foods produced using kiwifruits. We determined the chemical compositions of four types of kiwifruits cultivated in Korea, Daeheung, Bidan, Haegeum and Hayward. In addition, we measured the anti-microbial activities and cytotoxicities of these types of kiwifruits. The vitamin C contents of the kiwifruits increased in the order of Bidan (93.82 mg/100 g), Daeheung (85.89 mg/100 g), Haegeum (83.73 mg/100 g) and Hayward (75.28 mg/100 g). The total amino acids contents per 100 g of kiwifruit (dry weight basis) were 483.97 mg (Haegeum), 453.08 mg (Hayward), 437.27 mg (Bidan) and 369.35 mg (Daeheung). The K and Ca contents of the kiwifruits ranged from 14.56~37.12 mg/L and 1.94~8.24 mg/L, respectively; however, the Fe, Mg, Zn and Cr contents all less than 1.83 mg/L. The antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of kiwifruits against five gram positive bacteria at concentration of 2,000 mg/L in terms of inhibition diameter ranged from 8.8~12.8mm, while raged from 9.2~13.1mm against three gram negative strains of bacteria. The hyperplasia inhibition of lung cancer cells (Calus-6) by 800 mg/L kiwifruits extracts of Bidan, Haegeum, Daeheung and Hayward kiwifruits were 21.2%, 9.5%, 6.7% and 5.0%, respectively. Consequently, it was assumed that kiwifruits was rich in vitamin C, amino acids and K, and that they would therefore be useful in processed goods.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2014

NF-${\kappa}B$ is a transcriptional factor which is involved in many biological processes including immunity, inflammation, and cell survival. Many investigators studied on the mechanism involved in activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ signalling pathway via ubiquitination and degradation of $I{\kappa}B$ regarding skin disease. Some specific molecules including Akt, MEK, p38 MAP Kinase, Stat3, et al. represent convergence points and key regulatory proteins in signaling pathways controlling cellular events such as growth and differentiation, energy homeostasis, and the response to stress and inflammation. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has many adverse effects on skin, including inflammation, alteration in the extracellular matrix, cellular senescence, apoptosis and skin cancer. Prunus mume, a naturally derived plant extract, has beneficial biological activities as blood fluidity improvement, anti-fatigue action, antioxidative and free radical scavenging activities, inhibiting the motility of Helicobacter pyolri. Previous reports on various beneficial function prompted us to investigate UVB-induced or other immunostimulated biological marker regarding P. mume extract. P. mume extract suppresses UVB-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in mouse skin epidermal JB6 P+ cells. The activation of activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ induced by UVB was dose-dependently inhibited by P. mume extract treatment. This results suggest that P. mume extracts might be used as a potential agents for protection of inflammation or UVB induced skin damage.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.15-27
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• 2019

Objectives This study was performed to evaluate anti-obesity effects of Crataegus pinnatifida (CP) on high-fat-diet induced obese mice. Methods The experimental animals were divided into four groups: normal diet (NOR) group, high fat diet (HFD) group, HFD+Xenical (XEN) group, and HFD+CP (CP) group. NOR group was fed a normal diet and the other three groups were fed high fat diet during the experiment. After the first two weeks of diet, XEN group and CP group were administered with XEN or CP for seven weeks, respectively. After that, we measured body weight, liver weight, fat weight, food intake, and serum concentrations of lipids and liver enzymes. Also the liver, intestine, fat tissue was removed to estimate the obesity-related mRNA expressions and the stool sample was collected to analyze the gut microbiota. Results We found that body weight, fat weight, and triglyceride level were decreased significantly in CP group compared to HFD group. Also CP significantly suppressed gene expressions associated with lipogenesis and inflammation, and increased gene expressions of browning of white adipose tissue and mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, it shifted the microbial diversity closer to that of NOR group and increased Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio. Conclusions These results suggest that CP decrease body weight, fat weight and serum triglyceride. Also it inhibit inflammation and adipogenesis, altering gut microbial diversity and abundance. In conclusion, CP could be used as a therapeutic drug for obesity via gut microbiota modulation.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.96-105
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Asparagus cochinchinensis (AC) and fermented AC (fAC) on microorganisms and efficacies. Methods: AC was fermented for four weeks without using any bacterial strains. Then we investigated fermentation characteristics including potential of hydrogen (pH), total sugar, microbial profiling and antioxidant compound contents such as total polyphenol and total flavonoid. The anti-obesity effects of AC and fAC were evaluated by using Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Also anti-diabetic effects of them were evaluated by using 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle cell. Results: Both pH and total sugar of fAC were decreased significantly compared to unfermented AC. And the abundance of total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria increased during fermentation, especially Lactobacillus plantarum. Also fermentation of AC increased the content of total polyphenol. On the metabolic aspects, we found that AC and fAC suppressed fat accumulation. Conclusions: After four weeks of fermentation, AC increased concentrations of active compounds, altered microbial composition, and inhibited fat accumulation such as triglyceride. These results indicate that fermentation of AC might be a beneficial therapeutic approach for obesity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.210-216
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• 2007

Cosmetic products including skin and essence were manufactured to analyze the effect of green tea polyphenols addition. In addition, irradiation was applied to remove an undesirable color of green tea polyphenol(GTP), which may cause a problem in the marketing, of a final product; moreover, comparative studies were conducted with the cosmetic products on whether or not antiseptics were treated to verify its use for the development of non-antiseptic cosmetic products. Growth inhibition zones were shown in the microbial study except for Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of E. coli and C. albicans was 2,500 ppm but that of S. aureus was 1,000 ppm. The numbers of E. coli and S. aureus were reduced to undetected levels when 10,000 and 5,000 ppm of polyphenol were added, respectively. Results indicate that the addition of irradiated green tea polyphenol provides a good method to manufacture functional cosmetics including skin and essence with various biological activities such as antimicrobial activity without antiseptics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.161-166
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• 1999

CaCl2 and water soluble degraded chitosan mixtures were used as coagulants for extending the shelf life of tofu. Microbial counts, pH, and turbidity in tofu immersion solution were analyzed during the periods of storage at 4oC and physico chemical properties of tofu were determined by rheological properties, color and yield. There was no significant difference in moisture content and yield between tofu made with and without chitosan. Failure stress and stress relaxation values were reduced when chitosan was added to CaCl2, but there was no significant change among contents of chitosan added to tofu. The pH values were decreased at the beginning and then slowly increased after 14 days storage. The changes in turbidity were increased during storage, but the change in 2.0g degraded chitosan mixture with 7.0g CaCl2 coagulant(2.0:7.0 ratio) was lower than others and initial turbidity was lower as much as chitosan added to coagulant. These data showed that the water soluble degraded chitosan had a good anti microbial effect and increases the shelf life of tofu.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.437-445
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• 2022

This paper presents an experimental study on the main management factors of the condenser contamination such as fouling and corrosion for the R-134a turbo-chiller to save energy, reduce corrosion rates, and reduce maintenance costs through the application of condenser non-cleaning water treatment chemical. The series of experiment is conducted using combining oxidative microbial sterilizers, non-oxidizing microbial sterilizers, and anti-corrosion agents. The leaving temperature difference and corrosion rates for three different combination of chemicals are collected and analyzed. The experimental results show that the cost reduction (4,066,000 Won/year) of the disinfectant (FT-830) can be achieved by adding the oxidative disinfectant (NaOCl) and the non-oxidizing disinfectant (NX-1116). The LTD value is maintained at 1.9℃, and the corrosion rates of copper and carbon steel specimens are 0.07 mpy and 1.61 mpy, respectively.