• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.18-29
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• 2011

Objectives: To investigate anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of Gyulpidaehwangbakcho-tang (GDBT) extract in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The mice received $100{\mu}g$ of bovine type II collagen in Freund's complete adjuvant by intradermal injection at the base of the tail on day 0 and a booster injection on day 21. The mice were orally administered with GDBT (200 or 50mg/kg dissolved in distilled water) daily from day 1 to day 21 after arthritis incidence, and monitored for disease incidence and the severity of arthritis up to day 21. In order to evaluate the effect of GDBT on disease progression, we examined pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, COX-2 and NOS-II. Results: GDBT produced a significant and dose dependent inhibition of arthritis and inflammation during the entire duration of the study. This action was characterized by the decreased production of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, COX-2, and NOS-II in vivo. Conclusion: We believe that the anti-arthritic activity of GDBT is due to its modulatory effect on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine in the synovium. Our results contribute towards validation of the traditional use of GDBT in the treatment of RA and other inflammatory joint disorders.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2013

3,4,5-Trihydroxycinnamic acid (THC) is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acids, which have been reported to possess a variety of biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and neuroprotective activities. However, biological activity of THC has not been extensively examined. Recently, we reported that THC possesses anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. However, its precise mechanism by which THC exerts anti-inflammatory action has not been clearly identified. Therefore, the present study was carried out to understand the anti-inflammatory mechanism of THC in BV2 microglial cells. THC effectively suppressed the LPS-induced induction of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-$1{\beta}$. THC also suppressed expression of MCP-1, which plays a key role in the migration of activated microglia. To understand the underlying mechanism by which THC exerts these anti-inflammatory properties, involvement of Nrf2, which is a cytoprotective transcription factor, was examined. THC resulted in increased phosphorylation of Nrf2 with consequent expression of HO-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. THC-induced phosphorylation of Nrf2 was blocked with SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, indicating that p38 MAPK is the responsible kinase for the phosphorylation of Nrf2. Taken together, the present study for the first time demonstrates that THC exerts anti-inflammatory properties through the activation of Nrf2 in BV2 microglial cells, suggesting that THC might be a valuable therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of inflammation-related disorders in the CNS.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2022

Tertomotide는 항암제로 개발된 펩타이드 백신이다. 그러나 동물실험과 임상시험에서 염증성 증상이 완화되는 현상이 발견된바 있다. 이에 tertomotide가 항염물질로 작용하는지 확인하기 위하여 직접적인 항염활성과 그 작용기전을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 LPS 또는 PMA에 의해 활성화된 monocyte에 tertomotide를 처리한 후 염증성 cytokine 생산과 관련된 신호전달과정을 관찰하였다. Monocyte에서 tertomotide는 TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 등 염증성 싸이토카인의 생산을 감소시켰고 NF-κB 신호를 감쇄시켰으며 또한 TNF-α에 의한 ERK1/2와 P38 MAPK의 활성화를 저해하였다. 이 결과는 tertomotide 처치에 따른 염증성 질환 완화가 NF-κB/STAT3의 신호의 감쇄와 항염활성에 의한 것이라고 설명할 수 있고 이를 활용하여 신규 항염 약물의 도출이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 이는 면역학적 활성을 목표로 계산화학적으로 설계된 물질의 생물학적 성질을 활용하여 새로운 약물을 도출하는 융합연구의 예시가 될 것이다.

• 약학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 1991

Effects of Allolobophora caliginosatrapezoides (Ac) polysaccharide fractions on the inflammation and hypersensitivity were studied in vivo. It showed that Ac polysaccharide fractions have the significant inhibitory activities of inflammation and hypersensitivity; They inhibited significantly the carrageenin-induced paw edema and acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome. They also inhibited significantly the Arthus reaction and delayed hypersensitivity in the sheep red blood cell-sensitized mice in accordance with the inhibition of haemaglutinin titer, haemolysin titer, plaque-forming cells and rosette-forming cells. They also improved markedly the oxazolone-induced dermatitis in rats dose-dependently. As the above results, it exhibited that Ac polysaccharide fraction inhibited not only humoral immune response, but also cell-mediated immune response. It seemed that methanol and ether extracts have also another physiological active agents.

• 생약학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 1985

Experimental studies were conducted to investigate for the effect of Tongkyu-tang on analgesic, antipyretic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, isolated ileum and anti-histamine actions. Tongkyu-Tang was composed of sixteen crude drugs including Astragali Radix, which has been used for the treatment of common cold, headache, rhinitis, nasal obstruction, rhincospasm, etc. The following results have been obtained; analgesic and antipyretic actions were obtained. Prolonged action against the hypnotic duration of pentobarbital were significantly noted in mice. Anti-inflammatory effects in the paw edema induced by 1% carrageenin and 1% dextran were significantly shown in rats. Spontaneous motilities of isolated ileum of mice were strongly suppressed, and contractions of isolated ileum of mice and guinea-pigs induced by acetylcholine chloride, barium chloride and histamine were remarkably inhibited. Antihistamine actions were noted. Considering the above experimental results, it is suggested that effects of Tongkyu-tang based on the Oriental Medical References were similarly consistent with the actual experimental results.

• 생약학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.137-144
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• 1999

Torilin was isolated from haxane fraction of Torilis Fructus extract. Torilin produced inhibition of the acetic acid-induced and phenylquinone-induced writhing syndrome at the oral doses of 30 and 90 mg/kg in mice. It also increased the pain threshold at the oral doses of 30, 90 and 270 mg/kg in the tail pressure method and the Randall-Selitto method. However, it did not show a hypothermic action at the oral doses of 30 and 90 mg/kg in mice. The compound exhibited strong anticarrageenan activity at the oral doses of 90 and 270 mg/kg in rats, and had inhibitory effect on the vascular permeability at the oral doses of 30 and 90 mg/kg in mice. It also showed potent inhibition of leucocyte emigration in CMC-pouch at the doses of 3 and 9 mg/rat, sc. The acute toxicity of torilin was very weak: the $LD_{50}$ values were more than 5000 mg/kg, po and 2000 mg/kg, ip in mice. From the above mentioned results, it was suggested that torilin had potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.349-353
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• 2000

Mefenamic acid has been widely used as clinical drug for anti-inflammatory and analgesic. This drug was known to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen and indomethacin. Although the drugs which comprise this group are of diverse chemical structures, they all share the antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions which are characteristic of aspirin. Action of this drugs is caused by inhibitory effect of biosynthesis of prostaglandin that are synthesized from arachidonic acid via the endoperoxide biosynthesis pathway, the initial step of which is catalysed by cyclooxygenase. Mefenamic acid has more potent inhibitory action of prostaglandin biosynthesis than aspirin. Therefore, mefenamic acid is expected to have anticoagulant activity as aspirin-like drugs. This study was carried out to investigate the sinthesis of mefenamic acid derivatives from mefenamic acid and aromatic compound of antioxidant and its antioxidative and anticoagulant activities. Synthesis of mefenamic acid derivatives was conformed by conjugation as using esterification method. Biological activities was examined using effect of anticoagulant on bleeding time and effect of antioxidant by TBA method. As a result, SJ-202 showed strong antioxidative activity and anticoagulant activity among tested 4 compounds and exhibited similar activity to aspirin at anticoagulant activity.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.157.1-157.1
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• 2003

This study was carried out to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of Resina Pini on cultured human gingival fibloblasts. We carried out a study of cytotoxic effects of Resina Pini on cultured cells by MTT assay. Various treatments on Resina Pini reduced its toxicity on cultured cells in order of natural Resina Pini, water extracted mixture of Resina Pini and Ramus Mori Albae and recrystalized Resina Pini. However, Resina Pini showed harmless levels of cytotoxicity to cultured human gingival fibroblast. (omitted)

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.496-503
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• 2018

Background: Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) plays an anti-inflammatory role in a variety of inflammatory diseases such as gastritis, hepatitis, and colitis. However, inflammation-regulatory activity of the calyx of the P. ginseng berry has not been thoroughly evaluated. To understand whether the calyx portion of the P. ginseng berry is able to ameliorate inflammatory processes, an ethanolic extract of P. ginseng berry calyx (Pg-C-EE) was prepared, and lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages and HEK293 cells transfected with inflammation-regulatory proteins were used to test the anti-inflammatory action of Pg-C-EE. Methods: The ginsenoside contents of Pg-C-EE were analyzed by HPLC. Suppressive activity of Pg-C-EE on NO production, inflammatory gene expression, transcriptional activation, and inflammation signaling events were examined using the Griess assay, reverse transcription-polymerization chain reaction, luciferase activity reporter gene assay, and immunoblotting analysis. Results: Pg-C-EE reduced NO production and diminished mRNA expression of inflammatory genes such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible NO synthase, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ in a dose-dependent manner. This extract suppressed luciferase activity induced only by nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$. Interestingly, immunoblotting analysis results demonstrated that Pg-C-EE reduced the activities of protein kinase B (AKT)1 and AKT2. Conclusion: These results suggest that Pg-C-EE may have nuclear-factor-${\kappa}B$-targeted anti-inflammatory properties through suppression of AKT. The calyx of the P. ginseng berry is an underused part of the ginseng plant, and development of calyx-derived extracts may be useful for treatment of inflammatory diseases.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.90-90
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• 2018

Kochiae Fructus is a medicinal plant used as medicine of the urinary organs, skin disease and inflammation. In this study, anti-inflammatory activity of Kochiae Fructus extract and its possible mechanisms of action were examined. The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated by inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine production and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) in murine macrophage-like cell line Raw 264.7 cells. The measurement of the induced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were carried out by ELISA. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and MAPK and the nuclear expression of nuclear factor $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 were investigated by Wesern blot analysis. The extract suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 MAPK, and the nuclear translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 in activated cells. As a result, we suggest that the extract of Kochiae Fructus decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6), nitric oxide, MMP-9 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells. Kochiae Fructus has possibility to be used as therapeutic benefits against inflammatory diseases.